Volumetric Flow Imaging Reveals the Importance of Vortex Ring Formation in Squid Swimming Tail-First and Arms-First
Squids use a pulsed jet and fin movements to swim both arms-first (forward) and tail-first (backward). Given the complexity of the squid multi-propulsor system, 3D velocimetry techniques are required for the comprehensive study of wake dynamics. Defocusing digital particle tracking velocimetry, a vo...
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ftolddominionuni:oai:digitalcommons.odu.edu:biology_fac_pubs-1205 2023-05-15T16:01:29+02:00 Volumetric Flow Imaging Reveals the Importance of Vortex Ring Formation in Squid Swimming Tail-First and Arms-First Bartol, Ian K. Krueger, Paul S. Jastrebsky, Rachel A. Williams, Sheila Thompson, Joseph T. 2016-02-01T08:00:00Z application/pdf https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_fac_pubs/197 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1205&context=biology_fac_pubs unknown ODU Digital Commons https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_fac_pubs/197 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1205&context=biology_fac_pubs Biological Sciences Faculty Publications Cephalopod Jet locomotion Fin motion Volumetric velocimetry Wake dynamics Biomechanics Marine Biology article 2016 ftolddominionuni 2021-03-02T18:11:06Z Squids use a pulsed jet and fin movements to swim both arms-first (forward) and tail-first (backward). Given the complexity of the squid multi-propulsor system, 3D velocimetry techniques are required for the comprehensive study of wake dynamics. Defocusing digital particle tracking velocimetry, a volumetric velocimetry technique, and high-speed videography were used to study arms-first and tail-first swimming of brief squid Lolliguncula brevis over a broad range of speeds [0-10 dorsal mantle lengths (DML) s-1) in a swim tunnel. Although there was considerable complexity in the wakes of these multi-propulsor swimmers, 3D vortex rings and their derivatives were prominent reoccurring features during both tail-first and arms-first swimming, with the greatest jet and fin flow complexity occurring at intermediate speeds (1.5-3.0 DML s-1). The jet generally produced the majority of thrust during rectilinear swimming, increasing in relative importance with speed, and the fins provided no thrust at speeds >4.5 DML s-1. For both swimming orientations, the fins sometimes acted as stabilizers, producing negative thrust (drag), and consistently provided lift at low/intermediate speeds (<2.0 DML s-1) to counteract negative buoyancy. Propulsive efficiency (η) increased with speed irrespective of swimming orientation, and eta for swimming sequences with clear isolated jet vortex rings was significantly greater (η=78.6 +/- 7.6%, mean +/- s.d.) than that for swimming sequences with clear elongated regions of concentrated jet vorticity (η=67.9 +/- 19.2%). This study reveals the complexity of 3D vortex wake flows produced by nekton with hydrodynamically distinct propulsors. Article in Journal/Newspaper DML Old Dominion University: ODU Digital Commons Eta ENVELOPE(-62.917,-62.917,-64.300,-64.300) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Old Dominion University: ODU Digital Commons |
op_collection_id |
ftolddominionuni |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Cephalopod Jet locomotion Fin motion Volumetric velocimetry Wake dynamics Biomechanics Marine Biology |
spellingShingle |
Cephalopod Jet locomotion Fin motion Volumetric velocimetry Wake dynamics Biomechanics Marine Biology Bartol, Ian K. Krueger, Paul S. Jastrebsky, Rachel A. Williams, Sheila Thompson, Joseph T. Volumetric Flow Imaging Reveals the Importance of Vortex Ring Formation in Squid Swimming Tail-First and Arms-First |
topic_facet |
Cephalopod Jet locomotion Fin motion Volumetric velocimetry Wake dynamics Biomechanics Marine Biology |
description |
Squids use a pulsed jet and fin movements to swim both arms-first (forward) and tail-first (backward). Given the complexity of the squid multi-propulsor system, 3D velocimetry techniques are required for the comprehensive study of wake dynamics. Defocusing digital particle tracking velocimetry, a volumetric velocimetry technique, and high-speed videography were used to study arms-first and tail-first swimming of brief squid Lolliguncula brevis over a broad range of speeds [0-10 dorsal mantle lengths (DML) s-1) in a swim tunnel. Although there was considerable complexity in the wakes of these multi-propulsor swimmers, 3D vortex rings and their derivatives were prominent reoccurring features during both tail-first and arms-first swimming, with the greatest jet and fin flow complexity occurring at intermediate speeds (1.5-3.0 DML s-1). The jet generally produced the majority of thrust during rectilinear swimming, increasing in relative importance with speed, and the fins provided no thrust at speeds >4.5 DML s-1. For both swimming orientations, the fins sometimes acted as stabilizers, producing negative thrust (drag), and consistently provided lift at low/intermediate speeds (<2.0 DML s-1) to counteract negative buoyancy. Propulsive efficiency (η) increased with speed irrespective of swimming orientation, and eta for swimming sequences with clear isolated jet vortex rings was significantly greater (η=78.6 +/- 7.6%, mean +/- s.d.) than that for swimming sequences with clear elongated regions of concentrated jet vorticity (η=67.9 +/- 19.2%). This study reveals the complexity of 3D vortex wake flows produced by nekton with hydrodynamically distinct propulsors. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bartol, Ian K. Krueger, Paul S. Jastrebsky, Rachel A. Williams, Sheila Thompson, Joseph T. |
author_facet |
Bartol, Ian K. Krueger, Paul S. Jastrebsky, Rachel A. Williams, Sheila Thompson, Joseph T. |
author_sort |
Bartol, Ian K. |
title |
Volumetric Flow Imaging Reveals the Importance of Vortex Ring Formation in Squid Swimming Tail-First and Arms-First |
title_short |
Volumetric Flow Imaging Reveals the Importance of Vortex Ring Formation in Squid Swimming Tail-First and Arms-First |
title_full |
Volumetric Flow Imaging Reveals the Importance of Vortex Ring Formation in Squid Swimming Tail-First and Arms-First |
title_fullStr |
Volumetric Flow Imaging Reveals the Importance of Vortex Ring Formation in Squid Swimming Tail-First and Arms-First |
title_full_unstemmed |
Volumetric Flow Imaging Reveals the Importance of Vortex Ring Formation in Squid Swimming Tail-First and Arms-First |
title_sort |
volumetric flow imaging reveals the importance of vortex ring formation in squid swimming tail-first and arms-first |
publisher |
ODU Digital Commons |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_fac_pubs/197 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1205&context=biology_fac_pubs |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-62.917,-62.917,-64.300,-64.300) |
geographic |
Eta |
geographic_facet |
Eta |
genre |
DML |
genre_facet |
DML |
op_source |
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_fac_pubs/197 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1205&context=biology_fac_pubs |
_version_ |
1766397313562968064 |