Acquisition of freeze protection in a sea-ice crustacean through horizontal gene transfer?
Sea ice is permeated by small brine channels, which are characterised by sub-zero temperatures and varying salinities. Despite sometimes extreme conditions a diverse fauna and Xora thrives within the brine channels. The dominant calanoid copepods of Antarctic sea ice are Stephos longipes and Paralab...
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:6576 2023-05-15T14:01:59+02:00 Acquisition of freeze protection in a sea-ice crustacean through horizontal gene transfer? Kiko, Rainer 2010 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/6576/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/6576/1/PolBiol.pdf https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0732-0 en eng Springer https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/6576/1/PolBiol.pdf Kiko, R. (2010) Acquisition of freeze protection in a sea-ice crustacean through horizontal gene transfer?. Polar Biology, 33 . pp. 543-556. DOI 10.1007/s00300-009-0732-0 <https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0732-0>. doi:10.1007/s00300-009-0732-0 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Article PeerReviewed 2010 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0732-0 2023-04-07T14:53:12Z Sea ice is permeated by small brine channels, which are characterised by sub-zero temperatures and varying salinities. Despite sometimes extreme conditions a diverse fauna and Xora thrives within the brine channels. The dominant calanoid copepods of Antarctic sea ice are Stephos longipes and Paralabidocera antarctica. Here, I report for the Wrst time thermal hysteresis (TH) in the haemolymph of a crustacean, S. longipes, whereas P. antarctica has no such activity. TH, the non-colligative prevention of ice growth, seems to enable S. longipes to exploit all available microhabitats within sea ice, especially the surface layer, in which strong temperature Xuctuations can occur. In contrast, P. antarctica only thrives within the lowermost centimetres of sea ice, where temperature Xuctuations are moderate. S. longipes possesses two isoforms of a protein with TH activity. A high homology to a group of (putative) antifreeze proteins from diatoms, bacteria and a snow mold and, in contrast, no homologs in any metazoan lineage suggest that this protein was obtained through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Further analysis of available sequence data from sea-ice organisms indicates that these antifreeze proteins were probably transferred horizontally several times. Temperature and salinity Xuctuations within the brine channel system are proposed to provide “natural transformation” conditions enabling HGT and thus making this habitat a potential “hot spot” for HGT. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Polar Biology Sea ice Copepods OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Antarctic Polar Biology 33 4 543 556 |
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OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
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ftoceanrep |
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English |
description |
Sea ice is permeated by small brine channels, which are characterised by sub-zero temperatures and varying salinities. Despite sometimes extreme conditions a diverse fauna and Xora thrives within the brine channels. The dominant calanoid copepods of Antarctic sea ice are Stephos longipes and Paralabidocera antarctica. Here, I report for the Wrst time thermal hysteresis (TH) in the haemolymph of a crustacean, S. longipes, whereas P. antarctica has no such activity. TH, the non-colligative prevention of ice growth, seems to enable S. longipes to exploit all available microhabitats within sea ice, especially the surface layer, in which strong temperature Xuctuations can occur. In contrast, P. antarctica only thrives within the lowermost centimetres of sea ice, where temperature Xuctuations are moderate. S. longipes possesses two isoforms of a protein with TH activity. A high homology to a group of (putative) antifreeze proteins from diatoms, bacteria and a snow mold and, in contrast, no homologs in any metazoan lineage suggest that this protein was obtained through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Further analysis of available sequence data from sea-ice organisms indicates that these antifreeze proteins were probably transferred horizontally several times. Temperature and salinity Xuctuations within the brine channel system are proposed to provide “natural transformation” conditions enabling HGT and thus making this habitat a potential “hot spot” for HGT. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kiko, Rainer |
spellingShingle |
Kiko, Rainer Acquisition of freeze protection in a sea-ice crustacean through horizontal gene transfer? |
author_facet |
Kiko, Rainer |
author_sort |
Kiko, Rainer |
title |
Acquisition of freeze protection in a sea-ice crustacean through horizontal gene transfer? |
title_short |
Acquisition of freeze protection in a sea-ice crustacean through horizontal gene transfer? |
title_full |
Acquisition of freeze protection in a sea-ice crustacean through horizontal gene transfer? |
title_fullStr |
Acquisition of freeze protection in a sea-ice crustacean through horizontal gene transfer? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Acquisition of freeze protection in a sea-ice crustacean through horizontal gene transfer? |
title_sort |
acquisition of freeze protection in a sea-ice crustacean through horizontal gene transfer? |
publisher |
Springer |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/6576/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/6576/1/PolBiol.pdf https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0732-0 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Polar Biology Sea ice Copepods |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Polar Biology Sea ice Copepods |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/6576/1/PolBiol.pdf Kiko, R. (2010) Acquisition of freeze protection in a sea-ice crustacean through horizontal gene transfer?. Polar Biology, 33 . pp. 543-556. DOI 10.1007/s00300-009-0732-0 <https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0732-0>. doi:10.1007/s00300-009-0732-0 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0732-0 |
container_title |
Polar Biology |
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33 |
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4 |
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543 |
op_container_end_page |
556 |
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1766272045531791360 |