Reduced Deep Convection and Bottom Water Formation Due To Antarctic Meltwater in a Multi‐Model Ensemble
The additional water from the Antarctic ice sheet and ice shelves due to climate‐induced melt can impact ocean circulation and global climate. However, the major processes driving melt are not adequately represented in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) models. Here, we analyze a...
Published in: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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AGU (American Geophysical Union)
2023
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Online Access: | https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/1/Geophysical%20Research%20Letters%20-%202023%20-%20Chen%20-%20Reduced%20Deep%20Convection%20and%20Bottom%20Water%20Formation%20Due%20To%20Antarctic%20Meltwater.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/7/2023gl106492-sup-0001-supporting%20information%20si-s01.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106492 |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:59719 2024-02-11T09:58:13+01:00 Reduced Deep Convection and Bottom Water Formation Due To Antarctic Meltwater in a Multi‐Model Ensemble Chen, Jia‐Jia Swart, Neil C. Beadling, Rebecca Cheng, Xuhua Hattermann, Tore Jüling, André Li, Qian Marshall, John Martin, Torge Muilwijk, Morven Pauling, Andrew G. Purich, Ariaan Smith, Inga J. Thomas, Max 2023-12-28 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/1/Geophysical%20Research%20Letters%20-%202023%20-%20Chen%20-%20Reduced%20Deep%20Convection%20and%20Bottom%20Water%20Formation%20Due%20To%20Antarctic%20Meltwater.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/7/2023gl106492-sup-0001-supporting%20information%20si-s01.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106492 en eng AGU (American Geophysical Union) Wiley https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/1/Geophysical%20Research%20Letters%20-%202023%20-%20Chen%20-%20Reduced%20Deep%20Convection%20and%20Bottom%20Water%20Formation%20Due%20To%20Antarctic%20Meltwater.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/7/2023gl106492-sup-0001-supporting%20information%20si-s01.pdf Chen, J., Swart, N. C., Beadling, R., Cheng, X., Hattermann, T., Jüling, A., Li, Q., Marshall, J., Martin, T. , Muilwijk, M., Pauling, A. G., Purich, A., Smith, I. J. and Thomas, M. (2023) Reduced Deep Convection and Bottom Water Formation Due To Antarctic Meltwater in a Multi‐Model Ensemble. Open Access Geophysical Research Letters, 50 (24). e2023GL106492. DOI 10.1029/2023GL106492 <https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106492>. doi:10.1029/2023GL106492 cc_by_nc_nd_4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Article PeerReviewed 2023 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106492 2024-01-15T00:28:03Z The additional water from the Antarctic ice sheet and ice shelves due to climate‐induced melt can impact ocean circulation and global climate. However, the major processes driving melt are not adequately represented in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) models. Here, we analyze a novel multi‐model ensemble of CMIP6 models with consistent meltwater addition to examine the robustness of the modeled response to meltwater, which has not been possible in previous single‐model studies. Antarctic meltwater addition induces a substantial weakening of open‐ocean deep convection. Additionally, Antarctic Bottom Water warms, its volume contracts, and the sea surface cools. However, the magnitude of the reduction varies greatly across models, with differing anomalies correlated with their respective mean‐state climatology, indicating the state‐dependency of the climate response to meltwater. A better representation of the Southern Ocean mean state is necessary for narrowing the inter‐model spread of response to Antarctic meltwater. Plain Language Summary The melting of the Antarctic ice sheet and ice shelves can have significant impacts on ocean circulation and thermal structure, but current climate models do not fully capture these effects. In this study, we analyze seven climate models to understand how they respond to the addition of meltwater from Antarctica. We find that the presence of Antarctic meltwater leads to a significant weakening of deep convection in the open ocean. The meltwater also causes Antarctic Bottom Water to warm and its volume to decrease, while the sea surface cools and sea ice expands. However, the magnitude of the response to meltwater varies across models, suggesting that the mean‐state conditions of the Southern Ocean play a role. A better representation of the mean state and the inclusion of Antarctic meltwater in climate models will help reduce uncertainties and improve our understanding of the impact of Antarctic meltwater on climate. Key Points Antarctic meltwater ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelves Sea ice Southern Ocean OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Geophysical Research Letters 50 24 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
op_collection_id |
ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
The additional water from the Antarctic ice sheet and ice shelves due to climate‐induced melt can impact ocean circulation and global climate. However, the major processes driving melt are not adequately represented in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) models. Here, we analyze a novel multi‐model ensemble of CMIP6 models with consistent meltwater addition to examine the robustness of the modeled response to meltwater, which has not been possible in previous single‐model studies. Antarctic meltwater addition induces a substantial weakening of open‐ocean deep convection. Additionally, Antarctic Bottom Water warms, its volume contracts, and the sea surface cools. However, the magnitude of the reduction varies greatly across models, with differing anomalies correlated with their respective mean‐state climatology, indicating the state‐dependency of the climate response to meltwater. A better representation of the Southern Ocean mean state is necessary for narrowing the inter‐model spread of response to Antarctic meltwater. Plain Language Summary The melting of the Antarctic ice sheet and ice shelves can have significant impacts on ocean circulation and thermal structure, but current climate models do not fully capture these effects. In this study, we analyze seven climate models to understand how they respond to the addition of meltwater from Antarctica. We find that the presence of Antarctic meltwater leads to a significant weakening of deep convection in the open ocean. The meltwater also causes Antarctic Bottom Water to warm and its volume to decrease, while the sea surface cools and sea ice expands. However, the magnitude of the response to meltwater varies across models, suggesting that the mean‐state conditions of the Southern Ocean play a role. A better representation of the mean state and the inclusion of Antarctic meltwater in climate models will help reduce uncertainties and improve our understanding of the impact of Antarctic meltwater on climate. Key Points Antarctic meltwater ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Chen, Jia‐Jia Swart, Neil C. Beadling, Rebecca Cheng, Xuhua Hattermann, Tore Jüling, André Li, Qian Marshall, John Martin, Torge Muilwijk, Morven Pauling, Andrew G. Purich, Ariaan Smith, Inga J. Thomas, Max |
spellingShingle |
Chen, Jia‐Jia Swart, Neil C. Beadling, Rebecca Cheng, Xuhua Hattermann, Tore Jüling, André Li, Qian Marshall, John Martin, Torge Muilwijk, Morven Pauling, Andrew G. Purich, Ariaan Smith, Inga J. Thomas, Max Reduced Deep Convection and Bottom Water Formation Due To Antarctic Meltwater in a Multi‐Model Ensemble |
author_facet |
Chen, Jia‐Jia Swart, Neil C. Beadling, Rebecca Cheng, Xuhua Hattermann, Tore Jüling, André Li, Qian Marshall, John Martin, Torge Muilwijk, Morven Pauling, Andrew G. Purich, Ariaan Smith, Inga J. Thomas, Max |
author_sort |
Chen, Jia‐Jia |
title |
Reduced Deep Convection and Bottom Water Formation Due To Antarctic Meltwater in a Multi‐Model Ensemble |
title_short |
Reduced Deep Convection and Bottom Water Formation Due To Antarctic Meltwater in a Multi‐Model Ensemble |
title_full |
Reduced Deep Convection and Bottom Water Formation Due To Antarctic Meltwater in a Multi‐Model Ensemble |
title_fullStr |
Reduced Deep Convection and Bottom Water Formation Due To Antarctic Meltwater in a Multi‐Model Ensemble |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reduced Deep Convection and Bottom Water Formation Due To Antarctic Meltwater in a Multi‐Model Ensemble |
title_sort |
reduced deep convection and bottom water formation due to antarctic meltwater in a multi‐model ensemble |
publisher |
AGU (American Geophysical Union) |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/1/Geophysical%20Research%20Letters%20-%202023%20-%20Chen%20-%20Reduced%20Deep%20Convection%20and%20Bottom%20Water%20Formation%20Due%20To%20Antarctic%20Meltwater.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/7/2023gl106492-sup-0001-supporting%20information%20si-s01.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106492 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelves Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelves Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/1/Geophysical%20Research%20Letters%20-%202023%20-%20Chen%20-%20Reduced%20Deep%20Convection%20and%20Bottom%20Water%20Formation%20Due%20To%20Antarctic%20Meltwater.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/59719/7/2023gl106492-sup-0001-supporting%20information%20si-s01.pdf Chen, J., Swart, N. C., Beadling, R., Cheng, X., Hattermann, T., Jüling, A., Li, Q., Marshall, J., Martin, T. , Muilwijk, M., Pauling, A. G., Purich, A., Smith, I. J. and Thomas, M. (2023) Reduced Deep Convection and Bottom Water Formation Due To Antarctic Meltwater in a Multi‐Model Ensemble. Open Access Geophysical Research Letters, 50 (24). e2023GL106492. DOI 10.1029/2023GL106492 <https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106492>. doi:10.1029/2023GL106492 |
op_rights |
cc_by_nc_nd_4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106492 |
container_title |
Geophysical Research Letters |
container_volume |
50 |
container_issue |
24 |
_version_ |
1790593829632475136 |