Diel Vertical Migration Behaviour of the Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars)
The prototype of Meganyctiphanes norvegica diel vertical migration (DVM) behaviour comprises ascent around dusk, feeding near the surface at night, and descent at dawn, explained as a trade-off between feeding and predator avoidance in an environment where both food and risk of predation is highest...
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:58623 2023-07-02T03:32:56+02:00 Diel Vertical Migration Behaviour of the Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) Kaartvedt, Stein Tarling, Geraint A. 2010 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/58623/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/58623/1/Kaartvedt.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00009-1 en eng Elsevier https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/58623/1/Kaartvedt.pdf Kaartvedt, S. (2010) Diel Vertical Migration Behaviour of the Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars). In: The biology of Northern Krill. , ed. by Tarling, G. A. Advances in marine biology, 57 . Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 255-275, 21 pp. ISBN 978-0-12-381308-4 DOI 10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00009-1 <https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00009-1>. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00009-1 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Book chapter PeerReviewed 2010 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00009-1 2023-06-11T23:18:55Z The prototype of Meganyctiphanes norvegica diel vertical migration (DVM) behaviour comprises ascent around dusk, feeding near the surface at night, and descent at dawn, explained as a trade-off between feeding and predator avoidance in an environment where both food and risk of predation is highest near surface. Light is the proximate cue, and daytime distribution is deeper in clear waters and sunny weather and nocturnal distributions deeper in moonlight. However, both internal state and external factors further affect and modify the diel migration pattern. While Meganyctiphanes migrates in synchrony to the surface at sunset, part of the population may descend soon after the ascent with individuals re-entering upper layers throughout the night. This has been explained with hungry individuals being prone to take larger risks and hence stay shallower, while satiated individuals seek shelter at depth. Females migrate closer to the surface than males of equivalent size, possibly due to their greater demand for energy to fuel egg production. Freshly moulted M. norvegica remain at depth throughout the diel cycle. This has been related to the fact that that krill do not feed during moulting, to reduced swimming capacity, and as a mechanism to avoid cannibalism whilst in a vulnerable condition. In some locations large parts of the population remain at depth at night. Such behaviour may incur access to demersal food sources, provide avoidance of predators, or can be a means to avoid horizontal transport to adjacent, unfavourable areas. Environmental gradients can arrest migrations of M. norvegica, yet the effect of physics is not always distinguished from associated biological properties, like subsurface maxima of phytoplankton located at pycnocline boundaries. Deeper nocturnal distribution when predators were abundant has been reported, and krill may adjust their distribution upwards when exposed to deep-living predators. Instantaneous escape to approaching predators is a common component of the anti-predator repertoire ... Book Part Meganyctiphanes norvegica Northern krill OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) 255 275 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
op_collection_id |
ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
The prototype of Meganyctiphanes norvegica diel vertical migration (DVM) behaviour comprises ascent around dusk, feeding near the surface at night, and descent at dawn, explained as a trade-off between feeding and predator avoidance in an environment where both food and risk of predation is highest near surface. Light is the proximate cue, and daytime distribution is deeper in clear waters and sunny weather and nocturnal distributions deeper in moonlight. However, both internal state and external factors further affect and modify the diel migration pattern. While Meganyctiphanes migrates in synchrony to the surface at sunset, part of the population may descend soon after the ascent with individuals re-entering upper layers throughout the night. This has been explained with hungry individuals being prone to take larger risks and hence stay shallower, while satiated individuals seek shelter at depth. Females migrate closer to the surface than males of equivalent size, possibly due to their greater demand for energy to fuel egg production. Freshly moulted M. norvegica remain at depth throughout the diel cycle. This has been related to the fact that that krill do not feed during moulting, to reduced swimming capacity, and as a mechanism to avoid cannibalism whilst in a vulnerable condition. In some locations large parts of the population remain at depth at night. Such behaviour may incur access to demersal food sources, provide avoidance of predators, or can be a means to avoid horizontal transport to adjacent, unfavourable areas. Environmental gradients can arrest migrations of M. norvegica, yet the effect of physics is not always distinguished from associated biological properties, like subsurface maxima of phytoplankton located at pycnocline boundaries. Deeper nocturnal distribution when predators were abundant has been reported, and krill may adjust their distribution upwards when exposed to deep-living predators. Instantaneous escape to approaching predators is a common component of the anti-predator repertoire ... |
author2 |
Tarling, Geraint A. |
format |
Book Part |
author |
Kaartvedt, Stein |
spellingShingle |
Kaartvedt, Stein Diel Vertical Migration Behaviour of the Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) |
author_facet |
Kaartvedt, Stein |
author_sort |
Kaartvedt, Stein |
title |
Diel Vertical Migration Behaviour of the Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) |
title_short |
Diel Vertical Migration Behaviour of the Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) |
title_full |
Diel Vertical Migration Behaviour of the Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) |
title_fullStr |
Diel Vertical Migration Behaviour of the Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diel Vertical Migration Behaviour of the Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars) |
title_sort |
diel vertical migration behaviour of the northern krill (meganyctiphanes norvegica sars) |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/58623/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/58623/1/Kaartvedt.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00009-1 |
genre |
Meganyctiphanes norvegica Northern krill |
genre_facet |
Meganyctiphanes norvegica Northern krill |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/58623/1/Kaartvedt.pdf Kaartvedt, S. (2010) Diel Vertical Migration Behaviour of the Northern Krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica Sars). In: The biology of Northern Krill. , ed. by Tarling, G. A. Advances in marine biology, 57 . Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 255-275, 21 pp. ISBN 978-0-12-381308-4 DOI 10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00009-1 <https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00009-1>. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00009-1 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381308-4.00009-1 |
container_start_page |
255 |
op_container_end_page |
275 |
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1770272629929803776 |