The Iceland Microcontinent and a continental Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge
The breakup of Laurasia to form the Northeast Atlantic Realm disintegrated an inhomogeneous collage of cratons sutured by cross-cutting orogens. Volcanic rifted margins formed that are underlain by magma-inflated, extended continental crust. North of the Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge a new rift–the...
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:57726 2023-05-15T16:26:37+02:00 The Iceland Microcontinent and a continental Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge Foulger, Gillian R. Doré, Tony Emeleus, C. Henry Franke, Dieter Geoffroy, Laurent Gernigon, Laurent Hey, Richard Holdsworth, Robert E. Hole, Malcolm Höskuldsson, Ármann Julian, Bruce Kusznir, Nick Martinez, Fernando McCaffrey, Ken J.W. Natland, James H. Peace, Alexander L. Petersen, Kenni Schiffer, Christian Stephenson, Randell Stoker, Martyn 2020-07 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/57726/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/57726/1/Foulger%20etal.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102926 en eng Elsevier https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/57726/1/Foulger%20etal.pdf Foulger, G. R., Doré, T., Emeleus, C. H., Franke, D., Geoffroy, L., Gernigon, L., Hey, R., Holdsworth, R. E., Hole, M., Höskuldsson, Á., Julian, B., Kusznir, N., Martinez, F., McCaffrey, K. J. W., Natland, J. H., Peace, A. L., Petersen, K., Schiffer, C., Stephenson, R. and Stoker, M. (2020) The Iceland Microcontinent and a continental Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge. Earth-Science Reviews, 206 . Art.Nr: 102926. DOI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102926 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102926>. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102926 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Article PeerReviewed 2020 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102926 2023-04-07T16:05:49Z The breakup of Laurasia to form the Northeast Atlantic Realm disintegrated an inhomogeneous collage of cratons sutured by cross-cutting orogens. Volcanic rifted margins formed that are underlain by magma-inflated, extended continental crust. North of the Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge a new rift–the Aegir Ridge–propagated south along the Caledonian suture. South of the Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge the proto-Reykjanes Ridge propagated north through the North Atlantic Craton along an axis displaced ~150 km to the west of the rift to the north. Both propagators stalled where the confluence of the Nagssugtoqidian and Caledonian orogens formed an ~300-km-wide transverse barrier. Thereafter, the ~150 × 300-km block of continental crust between the rift tips–the Iceland Microcontinent–extended in a distributed, unstable manner along multiple axes of extension. These axes repeatedly migrated or jumped laterally with shearing occurring between them in diffuse transfer zones. This style of deformation continues to the present day in Iceland. It is the surface expression of underlying magma-assisted stretching of ductile continental crust that has flowed from the Iceland Microplate and flanking continental areas to form the lower crust of the Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge. Icelandic-type crust which underlies the Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge is thus not anomalously thick oceanic crust as is often assumed. Upper Icelandic-type crust comprises magma flows and dykes. Lower Icelandic-type crust comprises magma-inflated continental mid- and lower crust. Contemporary magma production in Iceland, equivalent to oceanic layers 2–3, corresponds to Icelandic-type upper crust plus intrusions in the lower crust, and has a total thickness of only 10–15 km. This is much less than the total maximum thickness of 42 km for Icelandic-type crust measured seismically in Iceland. The feasibility of the structure we propose is confirmed by numerical modeling that shows extension of the continental crust can continue for many tens of millions of ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Iceland North Atlantic Northeast Atlantic OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Aegir Ridge ENVELOPE(-4.125,-4.125,66.167,66.167) Greenland Reykjanes ENVELOPE(-22.250,-22.250,65.467,65.467) Earth-Science Reviews 206 102926 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
op_collection_id |
ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
The breakup of Laurasia to form the Northeast Atlantic Realm disintegrated an inhomogeneous collage of cratons sutured by cross-cutting orogens. Volcanic rifted margins formed that are underlain by magma-inflated, extended continental crust. North of the Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge a new rift–the Aegir Ridge–propagated south along the Caledonian suture. South of the Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge the proto-Reykjanes Ridge propagated north through the North Atlantic Craton along an axis displaced ~150 km to the west of the rift to the north. Both propagators stalled where the confluence of the Nagssugtoqidian and Caledonian orogens formed an ~300-km-wide transverse barrier. Thereafter, the ~150 × 300-km block of continental crust between the rift tips–the Iceland Microcontinent–extended in a distributed, unstable manner along multiple axes of extension. These axes repeatedly migrated or jumped laterally with shearing occurring between them in diffuse transfer zones. This style of deformation continues to the present day in Iceland. It is the surface expression of underlying magma-assisted stretching of ductile continental crust that has flowed from the Iceland Microplate and flanking continental areas to form the lower crust of the Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge. Icelandic-type crust which underlies the Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge is thus not anomalously thick oceanic crust as is often assumed. Upper Icelandic-type crust comprises magma flows and dykes. Lower Icelandic-type crust comprises magma-inflated continental mid- and lower crust. Contemporary magma production in Iceland, equivalent to oceanic layers 2–3, corresponds to Icelandic-type upper crust plus intrusions in the lower crust, and has a total thickness of only 10–15 km. This is much less than the total maximum thickness of 42 km for Icelandic-type crust measured seismically in Iceland. The feasibility of the structure we propose is confirmed by numerical modeling that shows extension of the continental crust can continue for many tens of millions of ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Foulger, Gillian R. Doré, Tony Emeleus, C. Henry Franke, Dieter Geoffroy, Laurent Gernigon, Laurent Hey, Richard Holdsworth, Robert E. Hole, Malcolm Höskuldsson, Ármann Julian, Bruce Kusznir, Nick Martinez, Fernando McCaffrey, Ken J.W. Natland, James H. Peace, Alexander L. Petersen, Kenni Schiffer, Christian Stephenson, Randell Stoker, Martyn |
spellingShingle |
Foulger, Gillian R. Doré, Tony Emeleus, C. Henry Franke, Dieter Geoffroy, Laurent Gernigon, Laurent Hey, Richard Holdsworth, Robert E. Hole, Malcolm Höskuldsson, Ármann Julian, Bruce Kusznir, Nick Martinez, Fernando McCaffrey, Ken J.W. Natland, James H. Peace, Alexander L. Petersen, Kenni Schiffer, Christian Stephenson, Randell Stoker, Martyn The Iceland Microcontinent and a continental Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge |
author_facet |
Foulger, Gillian R. Doré, Tony Emeleus, C. Henry Franke, Dieter Geoffroy, Laurent Gernigon, Laurent Hey, Richard Holdsworth, Robert E. Hole, Malcolm Höskuldsson, Ármann Julian, Bruce Kusznir, Nick Martinez, Fernando McCaffrey, Ken J.W. Natland, James H. Peace, Alexander L. Petersen, Kenni Schiffer, Christian Stephenson, Randell Stoker, Martyn |
author_sort |
Foulger, Gillian R. |
title |
The Iceland Microcontinent and a continental Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge |
title_short |
The Iceland Microcontinent and a continental Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge |
title_full |
The Iceland Microcontinent and a continental Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge |
title_fullStr |
The Iceland Microcontinent and a continental Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Iceland Microcontinent and a continental Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge |
title_sort |
iceland microcontinent and a continental greenland-iceland-faroe ridge |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/57726/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/57726/1/Foulger%20etal.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102926 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-4.125,-4.125,66.167,66.167) ENVELOPE(-22.250,-22.250,65.467,65.467) |
geographic |
Aegir Ridge Greenland Reykjanes |
geographic_facet |
Aegir Ridge Greenland Reykjanes |
genre |
Greenland Iceland North Atlantic Northeast Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Greenland Iceland North Atlantic Northeast Atlantic |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/57726/1/Foulger%20etal.pdf Foulger, G. R., Doré, T., Emeleus, C. H., Franke, D., Geoffroy, L., Gernigon, L., Hey, R., Holdsworth, R. E., Hole, M., Höskuldsson, Á., Julian, B., Kusznir, N., Martinez, F., McCaffrey, K. J. W., Natland, J. H., Peace, A. L., Petersen, K., Schiffer, C., Stephenson, R. and Stoker, M. (2020) The Iceland Microcontinent and a continental Greenland-Iceland-Faroe Ridge. Earth-Science Reviews, 206 . Art.Nr: 102926. DOI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102926 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102926>. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102926 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102926 |
container_title |
Earth-Science Reviews |
container_volume |
206 |
container_start_page |
102926 |
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1766015549186244608 |