Southern Ocean ecosystem response to Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions
Phytoplankton exert a significant control on the marine carbon cycle and can thus impact atmospheric CO2 concentration. Here we use a new ecosystem model to analyse the response of diatoms and coccolithophores in the Southern Ocean to Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) climate conditions, and changes in aeo...
Published in: | Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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Language: | English |
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AGU (American Geophysical Union)
2021
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Online Access: | https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/13/2020PA004075.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/1/17150143.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/2/2020pa004075-sup-0001-supporting.pdf https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020PA004075 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020PA004075 |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:53145 2024-02-11T09:58:26+01:00 Southern Ocean ecosystem response to Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions Saini, Himadri Kvale, Karin F. Chase, Zanna Kohfeld, Karen E. Meissner, Katrin J. Menviel, Laurie 2021-07 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/13/2020PA004075.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/1/17150143.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/2/2020pa004075-sup-0001-supporting.pdf https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020PA004075 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020PA004075 en eng AGU (American Geophysical Union) https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/13/2020PA004075.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/1/17150143.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/2/2020pa004075-sup-0001-supporting.pdf Saini, H. , Kvale, K. F. , Chase, Z., Kohfeld, K. E. , Meissner, K. J. and Menviel, L. (2021) Southern Ocean ecosystem response to Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions. Open Access Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 36 (7). Art.Nr. e2020PA004075. DOI 10.1029/2020PA004075 <https://doi.org/10.1029/2020PA004075>. doi:10.1029/2020PA004075 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Article PeerReviewed 2021 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1029/2020PA004075 2024-01-15T00:23:45Z Phytoplankton exert a significant control on the marine carbon cycle and can thus impact atmospheric CO2 concentration. Here we use a new ecosystem model to analyse the response of diatoms and coccolithophores in the Southern Ocean to Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) climate conditions, and changes in aeolian iron (Fe) input in the Southern Ocean. We find that LGM climate conditions without changes in Fe input lead to a large increase in diatoms north of the winter sea ice edge in the South Atlantic (19%) and the South Pacific (26%), and a 31% and 9% increase within the seasonal sea-ice zone in the South Atlantic and Indian oceans, respectively, while diatoms decrease in the Ross and Weddell Seas, and in the South Pacific (62%) south of the winter sea ice edge. Coccolithophores increase by 11% in the South West Atlantic near 45°S but are outcompeted by diatoms within the seasonal sea-ice zone, where they decrease by 21%. Overall, this results in a 11% decrease in Southern Ocean net primary productivity (NPP) and a 2.4% decrease in export production (EP). A series of sensitivity experiments with different aeolian Fe input are compared to available paleo-proxy records. The best fit is obtained for a simulation forced with dust fluxes from Lambert et al. (2015) and reduced Antarctic Bottom Water formation in the Weddell Sea. The 78% increase in aeolian Fe input in the Southern Ocean in this simulation increases the Southern Ocean EP by 4.4%, while NPP remains 8.7% weaker compared to preindustrial. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Antarctic Southern Ocean Weddell Sea Pacific Indian Weddell Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 36 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
op_collection_id |
ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
Phytoplankton exert a significant control on the marine carbon cycle and can thus impact atmospheric CO2 concentration. Here we use a new ecosystem model to analyse the response of diatoms and coccolithophores in the Southern Ocean to Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) climate conditions, and changes in aeolian iron (Fe) input in the Southern Ocean. We find that LGM climate conditions without changes in Fe input lead to a large increase in diatoms north of the winter sea ice edge in the South Atlantic (19%) and the South Pacific (26%), and a 31% and 9% increase within the seasonal sea-ice zone in the South Atlantic and Indian oceans, respectively, while diatoms decrease in the Ross and Weddell Seas, and in the South Pacific (62%) south of the winter sea ice edge. Coccolithophores increase by 11% in the South West Atlantic near 45°S but are outcompeted by diatoms within the seasonal sea-ice zone, where they decrease by 21%. Overall, this results in a 11% decrease in Southern Ocean net primary productivity (NPP) and a 2.4% decrease in export production (EP). A series of sensitivity experiments with different aeolian Fe input are compared to available paleo-proxy records. The best fit is obtained for a simulation forced with dust fluxes from Lambert et al. (2015) and reduced Antarctic Bottom Water formation in the Weddell Sea. The 78% increase in aeolian Fe input in the Southern Ocean in this simulation increases the Southern Ocean EP by 4.4%, while NPP remains 8.7% weaker compared to preindustrial. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Saini, Himadri Kvale, Karin F. Chase, Zanna Kohfeld, Karen E. Meissner, Katrin J. Menviel, Laurie |
spellingShingle |
Saini, Himadri Kvale, Karin F. Chase, Zanna Kohfeld, Karen E. Meissner, Katrin J. Menviel, Laurie Southern Ocean ecosystem response to Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions |
author_facet |
Saini, Himadri Kvale, Karin F. Chase, Zanna Kohfeld, Karen E. Meissner, Katrin J. Menviel, Laurie |
author_sort |
Saini, Himadri |
title |
Southern Ocean ecosystem response to Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions |
title_short |
Southern Ocean ecosystem response to Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions |
title_full |
Southern Ocean ecosystem response to Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions |
title_fullStr |
Southern Ocean ecosystem response to Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Southern Ocean ecosystem response to Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions |
title_sort |
southern ocean ecosystem response to last glacial maximum boundary conditions |
publisher |
AGU (American Geophysical Union) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/13/2020PA004075.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/1/17150143.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/2/2020pa004075-sup-0001-supporting.pdf https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020PA004075 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020PA004075 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Weddell Sea Pacific Indian Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Weddell Sea Pacific Indian Weddell |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/13/2020PA004075.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/1/17150143.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/53145/2/2020pa004075-sup-0001-supporting.pdf Saini, H. , Kvale, K. F. , Chase, Z., Kohfeld, K. E. , Meissner, K. J. and Menviel, L. (2021) Southern Ocean ecosystem response to Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions. Open Access Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 36 (7). Art.Nr. e2020PA004075. DOI 10.1029/2020PA004075 <https://doi.org/10.1029/2020PA004075>. doi:10.1029/2020PA004075 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020PA004075 |
container_title |
Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology |
container_volume |
36 |
container_issue |
7 |
_version_ |
1790594085097046016 |