Whakaari/White Island: a review of New Zealand’s most active volcano
Whakaari/White Island is a partially submerged, offshore andesite island volcano, located at the northern end of the Taupō Volcanic Zone. Since the late 1960s, volcanic activity has alternated between quiescence, unrest, and eruption on short timescales. For this review we compiled extensive observa...
Published in: | New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics |
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2021
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:52639 2023-05-15T18:43:34+02:00 Whakaari/White Island: a review of New Zealand’s most active volcano Kilgour, Geoff Kennedy, Ben Scott, Bradley Christenson, Bruce Jolly, Arthur Asher, Cameron Rosenberg, Michael Saunders, Kate 2021-05-16 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/52639/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/52639/1/Kilgour%20et%20al.pdf https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2021.1918186 en eng Taylor & Francis https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/52639/1/Kilgour%20et%20al.pdf Kilgour, G., Kennedy, B., Scott, B., Christenson, B., Jolly, A., Asher, C., Rosenberg, M. and Saunders, K. (2021) Whakaari/White Island: a review of New Zealand’s most active volcano. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 64 (1-2). pp. 273-295. DOI 10.1080/00288306.2021.1918186 <https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2021.1918186>. doi:10.1080/00288306.2021.1918186 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Article PeerReviewed 2021 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2021.1918186 2023-04-07T15:56:05Z Whakaari/White Island is a partially submerged, offshore andesite island volcano, located at the northern end of the Taupō Volcanic Zone. Since the late 1960s, volcanic activity has alternated between quiescence, unrest, and eruption on short timescales. For this review we compiled extensive observational records, examined the rich scientific literature, and use newly acquired data, to understand the broad volcanic history and system dynamics. Based on recent bathymetry data, we propose a distinction exists between the Whakaari edifice and Te Paepae o Aotea/Volkner Rocks, which were previously considered to be part of the same edifice. Geochemical analyses of scoria samples from the island have been used to build a magma system model where dominantly andesitic-dacitic magma is periodically intruded by basalt. More dynamic processes are recorded in the hydrothermal system, where the location and activity of fumarolic features have been ephemeral and the crater lake has varied in scale over short time intervals. Eruptions of the dominantly andesitic magma have historically been small and range from phreatomagmatic through to magmatic, largely depositing ash and scoria to a restricted distance that is confined to the main crater floor. Phreatic eruptions are the most common eruption style, based on recently observed and monitored activity. Article in Journal/Newspaper White Island OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Crater Lake ENVELOPE(-60.667,-60.667,-62.983,-62.983) Main Crater ENVELOPE(167.167,167.167,-77.533,-77.533) White Island ENVELOPE(48.583,48.583,-66.733,-66.733) New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 1 23 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
op_collection_id |
ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
Whakaari/White Island is a partially submerged, offshore andesite island volcano, located at the northern end of the Taupō Volcanic Zone. Since the late 1960s, volcanic activity has alternated between quiescence, unrest, and eruption on short timescales. For this review we compiled extensive observational records, examined the rich scientific literature, and use newly acquired data, to understand the broad volcanic history and system dynamics. Based on recent bathymetry data, we propose a distinction exists between the Whakaari edifice and Te Paepae o Aotea/Volkner Rocks, which were previously considered to be part of the same edifice. Geochemical analyses of scoria samples from the island have been used to build a magma system model where dominantly andesitic-dacitic magma is periodically intruded by basalt. More dynamic processes are recorded in the hydrothermal system, where the location and activity of fumarolic features have been ephemeral and the crater lake has varied in scale over short time intervals. Eruptions of the dominantly andesitic magma have historically been small and range from phreatomagmatic through to magmatic, largely depositing ash and scoria to a restricted distance that is confined to the main crater floor. Phreatic eruptions are the most common eruption style, based on recently observed and monitored activity. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kilgour, Geoff Kennedy, Ben Scott, Bradley Christenson, Bruce Jolly, Arthur Asher, Cameron Rosenberg, Michael Saunders, Kate |
spellingShingle |
Kilgour, Geoff Kennedy, Ben Scott, Bradley Christenson, Bruce Jolly, Arthur Asher, Cameron Rosenberg, Michael Saunders, Kate Whakaari/White Island: a review of New Zealand’s most active volcano |
author_facet |
Kilgour, Geoff Kennedy, Ben Scott, Bradley Christenson, Bruce Jolly, Arthur Asher, Cameron Rosenberg, Michael Saunders, Kate |
author_sort |
Kilgour, Geoff |
title |
Whakaari/White Island: a review of New Zealand’s most active volcano |
title_short |
Whakaari/White Island: a review of New Zealand’s most active volcano |
title_full |
Whakaari/White Island: a review of New Zealand’s most active volcano |
title_fullStr |
Whakaari/White Island: a review of New Zealand’s most active volcano |
title_full_unstemmed |
Whakaari/White Island: a review of New Zealand’s most active volcano |
title_sort |
whakaari/white island: a review of new zealand’s most active volcano |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/52639/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/52639/1/Kilgour%20et%20al.pdf https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2021.1918186 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-60.667,-60.667,-62.983,-62.983) ENVELOPE(167.167,167.167,-77.533,-77.533) ENVELOPE(48.583,48.583,-66.733,-66.733) |
geographic |
Crater Lake Main Crater White Island |
geographic_facet |
Crater Lake Main Crater White Island |
genre |
White Island |
genre_facet |
White Island |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/52639/1/Kilgour%20et%20al.pdf Kilgour, G., Kennedy, B., Scott, B., Christenson, B., Jolly, A., Asher, C., Rosenberg, M. and Saunders, K. (2021) Whakaari/White Island: a review of New Zealand’s most active volcano. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 64 (1-2). pp. 273-295. DOI 10.1080/00288306.2021.1918186 <https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2021.1918186>. doi:10.1080/00288306.2021.1918186 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2021.1918186 |
container_title |
New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
23 |
_version_ |
1766234000168321024 |