Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystem — Case study of Svalbard fjords
Fjord ecosystems of the high Arctic are distinct from fjords of temperate latitudes due to the influence of glaciers, icebergs, sea ice, and the permanently low temperatures. The sediment microbiology and biogeochemical processes were analyzed during an international research program with multiple f...
Published in: | Limnology and Oceanography |
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ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
2021
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Online Access: | https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/50361/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/50361/1/lno.11551.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11551 |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:50361 2024-02-11T09:59:31+01:00 Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystem — Case study of Svalbard fjords Jørgensen, Bo Barker Laufer, Katja Michaud, Alexander B. Wehrmann, Laura M. 2021-02 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/50361/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/50361/1/lno.11551.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11551 en eng ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography) Wiley https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/50361/1/lno.11551.pdf Jørgensen, B. B., Laufer, K., Michaud, A. B. and Wehrmann, L. M. (2021) Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystem — Case study of Svalbard fjords. Limnology and Oceanography, 66 (S1). S273-S292. DOI 10.1002/lno.11551 <https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11551>. doi:10.1002/lno.11551 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Article PeerReviewed 2021 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11551 2024-01-15T00:22:42Z Fjord ecosystems of the high Arctic are distinct from fjords of temperate latitudes due to the influence of glaciers, icebergs, sea ice, and the permanently low temperatures. The sediment microbiology and biogeochemical processes were analyzed during an international research program with multiple field studies in Svalbard, situated between the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean. We here describe the physical and geochemical setting and the predominant microbiological processes in several fjords. Physiological studies of sediments and pure cultures show how the predominantly psychrophilic bacteria are adapted to the near-zero temperature. The microbial communities include bacteria responsible for organic matter hydrolytic degradation, fermentation, and terminal oxidation to CO2. These processes drive the cycling of carbon, sulfur, iron, and manganese. The balance between the dominant sediment microbial processes changes along transects out through the fjords, reflecting the varying impact of the glacier-derived rock flour, rich in metal oxides at the head, and the plankton-derived, labile, marine organic matter at the mouth. Due to accelerated warming of Arctic ecosystems, glaciers are retreating with impacts on the physical, chemical, and biological functioning of the fjord sediment ecosystems. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea glacier Iceberg* Sea ice Svalbard OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Svalbard Limnology and Oceanography 66 S1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
op_collection_id |
ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
Fjord ecosystems of the high Arctic are distinct from fjords of temperate latitudes due to the influence of glaciers, icebergs, sea ice, and the permanently low temperatures. The sediment microbiology and biogeochemical processes were analyzed during an international research program with multiple field studies in Svalbard, situated between the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean. We here describe the physical and geochemical setting and the predominant microbiological processes in several fjords. Physiological studies of sediments and pure cultures show how the predominantly psychrophilic bacteria are adapted to the near-zero temperature. The microbial communities include bacteria responsible for organic matter hydrolytic degradation, fermentation, and terminal oxidation to CO2. These processes drive the cycling of carbon, sulfur, iron, and manganese. The balance between the dominant sediment microbial processes changes along transects out through the fjords, reflecting the varying impact of the glacier-derived rock flour, rich in metal oxides at the head, and the plankton-derived, labile, marine organic matter at the mouth. Due to accelerated warming of Arctic ecosystems, glaciers are retreating with impacts on the physical, chemical, and biological functioning of the fjord sediment ecosystems. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jørgensen, Bo Barker Laufer, Katja Michaud, Alexander B. Wehrmann, Laura M. |
spellingShingle |
Jørgensen, Bo Barker Laufer, Katja Michaud, Alexander B. Wehrmann, Laura M. Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystem — Case study of Svalbard fjords |
author_facet |
Jørgensen, Bo Barker Laufer, Katja Michaud, Alexander B. Wehrmann, Laura M. |
author_sort |
Jørgensen, Bo Barker |
title |
Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystem — Case study of Svalbard fjords |
title_short |
Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystem — Case study of Svalbard fjords |
title_full |
Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystem — Case study of Svalbard fjords |
title_fullStr |
Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystem — Case study of Svalbard fjords |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystem — Case study of Svalbard fjords |
title_sort |
biogeochemistry and microbiology of high arctic marine sediment ecosystem — case study of svalbard fjords |
publisher |
ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/50361/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/50361/1/lno.11551.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11551 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea glacier Iceberg* Sea ice Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea glacier Iceberg* Sea ice Svalbard |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/50361/1/lno.11551.pdf Jørgensen, B. B., Laufer, K., Michaud, A. B. and Wehrmann, L. M. (2021) Biogeochemistry and microbiology of high Arctic marine sediment ecosystem — Case study of Svalbard fjords. Limnology and Oceanography, 66 (S1). S273-S292. DOI 10.1002/lno.11551 <https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11551>. doi:10.1002/lno.11551 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11551 |
container_title |
Limnology and Oceanography |
container_volume |
66 |
container_issue |
S1 |
_version_ |
1790595383691313152 |