At-sea intercomparison of three underway pCO2 systems
Ocean surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) is a key factor controlling air–sea CO2 fluxes. Most surface pCO2 data are collected with relatively large and complex air–water equilibrators coupled to stand‐alone infrared analyzers installed on Ships of OPportunity (SOOP‐CO2). This approach...
Published in: | Limnology and Oceanography: Methods |
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Language: | English |
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ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
2020
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Online Access: | https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/1/Arruda_et_al-2020-Limnology_and_Oceanography__Methods.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/2/lom310346-sup-0001-FigureS1.tif https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10346 |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:48564 2023-05-15T17:35:42+02:00 At-sea intercomparison of three underway pCO2 systems Arruda, Ricardo Atamanchuk, Dariia Cronin, Margot Steinhoff, Tobias Wallace, Douglas W. R. 2020-02 text image https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/1/Arruda_et_al-2020-Limnology_and_Oceanography__Methods.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/2/lom310346-sup-0001-FigureS1.tif https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10346 en eng ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography) Wiley https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/1/Arruda_et_al-2020-Limnology_and_Oceanography__Methods.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/2/lom310346-sup-0001-FigureS1.tif Arruda, R. , Atamanchuk, D., Cronin, M., Steinhoff, T. and Wallace, D. W. R. (2020) At-sea intercomparison of three underway pCO2 systems. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 18 (2). pp. 63-76. DOI 10.1002/lom3.10346 <https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10346>. doi:10.1002/lom3.10346 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Article PeerReviewed 2020 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10346 2023-04-07T15:48:48Z Ocean surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) is a key factor controlling air–sea CO2 fluxes. Most surface pCO2 data are collected with relatively large and complex air–water equilibrators coupled to stand‐alone infrared analyzers installed on Ships of OPportunity (SOOP‐CO2). This approach has proven itself through years of successful deployments, but expansion and sustainability of the future measurement network faces challenges in terms of certification, autonomy, and maintenance, which motivates development of new systems. Here, we compare performance of three underway pCO2 measurement systems (General Oceanics, SubCtech, and Pro‐Oceanus), including a recently developed compact flow‐through, sensor‐based system. The systems were intercompared over a period of 34 days during two crossings of the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean. With a mean difference from the General Oceanics system of −5.7 ± 4.0 μatm (Pro‐Oceanus) and −4.7 ± 2.9 μatm (SubCtech) during the 1st crossing, our results indicate potential for good agreement between the systems. The study highlighted the challenge of assuring accuracy over long periods of time, particularly seen in a worse agreement during the 2nd crossing, and revealed a number of sources of systematic errors. These can influence accuracy of the measurements, agreement between systems and include slow response of membrane‐based systems to pCO2 changes, “within‐ship” respiration due to biofouling, and bias in measurement of the temperature of equilibration. These error sources can be controlled or corrected for, however, if unidentified, their magnitude can be significant relative to accuracy criteria assigned to the highest‐quality data in global databases. The advantages of the compact flow‐through system are presented along with a discussion of future solutions for improving data quality. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 18 2 63 76 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
op_collection_id |
ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
Ocean surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) is a key factor controlling air–sea CO2 fluxes. Most surface pCO2 data are collected with relatively large and complex air–water equilibrators coupled to stand‐alone infrared analyzers installed on Ships of OPportunity (SOOP‐CO2). This approach has proven itself through years of successful deployments, but expansion and sustainability of the future measurement network faces challenges in terms of certification, autonomy, and maintenance, which motivates development of new systems. Here, we compare performance of three underway pCO2 measurement systems (General Oceanics, SubCtech, and Pro‐Oceanus), including a recently developed compact flow‐through, sensor‐based system. The systems were intercompared over a period of 34 days during two crossings of the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean. With a mean difference from the General Oceanics system of −5.7 ± 4.0 μatm (Pro‐Oceanus) and −4.7 ± 2.9 μatm (SubCtech) during the 1st crossing, our results indicate potential for good agreement between the systems. The study highlighted the challenge of assuring accuracy over long periods of time, particularly seen in a worse agreement during the 2nd crossing, and revealed a number of sources of systematic errors. These can influence accuracy of the measurements, agreement between systems and include slow response of membrane‐based systems to pCO2 changes, “within‐ship” respiration due to biofouling, and bias in measurement of the temperature of equilibration. These error sources can be controlled or corrected for, however, if unidentified, their magnitude can be significant relative to accuracy criteria assigned to the highest‐quality data in global databases. The advantages of the compact flow‐through system are presented along with a discussion of future solutions for improving data quality. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Arruda, Ricardo Atamanchuk, Dariia Cronin, Margot Steinhoff, Tobias Wallace, Douglas W. R. |
spellingShingle |
Arruda, Ricardo Atamanchuk, Dariia Cronin, Margot Steinhoff, Tobias Wallace, Douglas W. R. At-sea intercomparison of three underway pCO2 systems |
author_facet |
Arruda, Ricardo Atamanchuk, Dariia Cronin, Margot Steinhoff, Tobias Wallace, Douglas W. R. |
author_sort |
Arruda, Ricardo |
title |
At-sea intercomparison of three underway pCO2 systems |
title_short |
At-sea intercomparison of three underway pCO2 systems |
title_full |
At-sea intercomparison of three underway pCO2 systems |
title_fullStr |
At-sea intercomparison of three underway pCO2 systems |
title_full_unstemmed |
At-sea intercomparison of three underway pCO2 systems |
title_sort |
at-sea intercomparison of three underway pco2 systems |
publisher |
ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/1/Arruda_et_al-2020-Limnology_and_Oceanography__Methods.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/2/lom310346-sup-0001-FigureS1.tif https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10346 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/1/Arruda_et_al-2020-Limnology_and_Oceanography__Methods.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48564/2/lom310346-sup-0001-FigureS1.tif Arruda, R. , Atamanchuk, D., Cronin, M., Steinhoff, T. and Wallace, D. W. R. (2020) At-sea intercomparison of three underway pCO2 systems. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 18 (2). pp. 63-76. DOI 10.1002/lom3.10346 <https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10346>. doi:10.1002/lom3.10346 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10346 |
container_title |
Limnology and Oceanography: Methods |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
63 |
op_container_end_page |
76 |
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1766134959364374528 |