Greenland- Scotland Overflow studied by hydro-chemical multivariate analysis
Hydrographic, nutrient and halocarbon tracer data collected in July–August 1994 in the Norwegian Sea, the Faroe Bank Channel (FBC), the Iceland and Irminger Basins and the Iceland Sea are presented. Special attention was given to the overflow waters over the Iceland–Scotland Ridge (ISOW). The Icelan...
Published in: | Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers |
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Language: | English |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:4841 2023-05-15T15:17:28+02:00 Greenland- Scotland Overflow studied by hydro-chemical multivariate analysis Fogelqvist, E Blindheim, J. Tanhua, Toste Buch, E. Österhus, S. 2003-01 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/4841/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/4841/1/1-s2.0-S0967063702001310-main.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(02)00131-0 en eng Elsevier https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/4841/1/1-s2.0-S0967063702001310-main.pdf Fogelqvist, E., Blindheim, J., Tanhua, T. , Buch, E. and Österhus, S. (2003) Greenland- Scotland Overflow studied by hydro-chemical multivariate analysis. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 50 (1). pp. 73-102. DOI 10.1016/S0967-0637(02)00131-0 <https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637%2802%2900131-0>. doi:10.1016/S0967-0637(02)00131-0 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Article PeerReviewed 2003 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(02)00131-0 2023-04-07T14:50:10Z Hydrographic, nutrient and halocarbon tracer data collected in July–August 1994 in the Norwegian Sea, the Faroe Bank Channel (FBC), the Iceland and Irminger Basins and the Iceland Sea are presented. Special attention was given to the overflow waters over the Iceland–Scotland Ridge (ISOW). The Iceland–Scottland overflow water (ISOW) was identified along its pathway in the Iceland Basin, and entrainment of overlying water masses was quantified by multivariate analysis (MVA) using principal component analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Square (PLS) calibration. It was concluded that the deeper portion of the ISOW in the FBC was a mixture of about equal parts of Norwegian Sea Deep Water (NSDW) and Norwegian Sea Arctic Intermediate Water (NSAIW). The mixing development of ISOW during its descent in the Iceland Basin was analysed in three sections across the plume. In the southern section at 61°N, where the ISOW core was observed at Full-size image (<1 K) depth, the fraction of waters originating north of the ridge was assessed to be 54%. MVA assessed the fractional composition of the ISOW to be 21% NSDW, 22% NSAIW, 18% Northeast Atlantic Water (NEAW), 11% Modified East Icelandic Water, 25% Labrador Sea Water (LSW) and 3% North East Atlantic Deep Water. It may be noted that the fraction of NEAW is of the same volume as the NSDW. On its further path around the Reykjanes Ridge, the ISOW mixed mainly with LSW, and at 63°N in the Irminger Basin, it was warmer and fresher (θ=2.8°C and S=34.92) than at 61°N east of the ridge Full-size image (<1 K). The most intensive mixing occurred immediately west of the FBC, probably due to high velocity of the overflow plume through the channel, where annual velocity means exceeded Full-size image (<1 K). This resulted in shear instabilities towards the overlying Atlantic waters and cross-stream velocities exceeding Full-size image (<1 K) in the bottom boundary layer. The role of NSAIW as a component of ISOW is increasing. Being largely a product of winter convection in the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greenland Iceland Labrador Sea North East Atlantic Northeast Atlantic Norwegian Sea OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Arctic Faroe Bank ENVELOPE(-8.667,-8.667,60.917,60.917) Greenland Irminger Basin ENVELOPE(-36.000,-36.000,61.000,61.000) Norwegian Sea Reykjanes ENVELOPE(-22.250,-22.250,65.467,65.467) Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 50 1 73 102 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
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ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
Hydrographic, nutrient and halocarbon tracer data collected in July–August 1994 in the Norwegian Sea, the Faroe Bank Channel (FBC), the Iceland and Irminger Basins and the Iceland Sea are presented. Special attention was given to the overflow waters over the Iceland–Scotland Ridge (ISOW). The Iceland–Scottland overflow water (ISOW) was identified along its pathway in the Iceland Basin, and entrainment of overlying water masses was quantified by multivariate analysis (MVA) using principal component analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Square (PLS) calibration. It was concluded that the deeper portion of the ISOW in the FBC was a mixture of about equal parts of Norwegian Sea Deep Water (NSDW) and Norwegian Sea Arctic Intermediate Water (NSAIW). The mixing development of ISOW during its descent in the Iceland Basin was analysed in three sections across the plume. In the southern section at 61°N, where the ISOW core was observed at Full-size image (<1 K) depth, the fraction of waters originating north of the ridge was assessed to be 54%. MVA assessed the fractional composition of the ISOW to be 21% NSDW, 22% NSAIW, 18% Northeast Atlantic Water (NEAW), 11% Modified East Icelandic Water, 25% Labrador Sea Water (LSW) and 3% North East Atlantic Deep Water. It may be noted that the fraction of NEAW is of the same volume as the NSDW. On its further path around the Reykjanes Ridge, the ISOW mixed mainly with LSW, and at 63°N in the Irminger Basin, it was warmer and fresher (θ=2.8°C and S=34.92) than at 61°N east of the ridge Full-size image (<1 K). The most intensive mixing occurred immediately west of the FBC, probably due to high velocity of the overflow plume through the channel, where annual velocity means exceeded Full-size image (<1 K). This resulted in shear instabilities towards the overlying Atlantic waters and cross-stream velocities exceeding Full-size image (<1 K) in the bottom boundary layer. The role of NSAIW as a component of ISOW is increasing. Being largely a product of winter convection in the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fogelqvist, E Blindheim, J. Tanhua, Toste Buch, E. Österhus, S. |
spellingShingle |
Fogelqvist, E Blindheim, J. Tanhua, Toste Buch, E. Österhus, S. Greenland- Scotland Overflow studied by hydro-chemical multivariate analysis |
author_facet |
Fogelqvist, E Blindheim, J. Tanhua, Toste Buch, E. Österhus, S. |
author_sort |
Fogelqvist, E |
title |
Greenland- Scotland Overflow studied by hydro-chemical multivariate analysis |
title_short |
Greenland- Scotland Overflow studied by hydro-chemical multivariate analysis |
title_full |
Greenland- Scotland Overflow studied by hydro-chemical multivariate analysis |
title_fullStr |
Greenland- Scotland Overflow studied by hydro-chemical multivariate analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Greenland- Scotland Overflow studied by hydro-chemical multivariate analysis |
title_sort |
greenland- scotland overflow studied by hydro-chemical multivariate analysis |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2003 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/4841/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/4841/1/1-s2.0-S0967063702001310-main.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(02)00131-0 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-8.667,-8.667,60.917,60.917) ENVELOPE(-36.000,-36.000,61.000,61.000) ENVELOPE(-22.250,-22.250,65.467,65.467) |
geographic |
Arctic Faroe Bank Greenland Irminger Basin Norwegian Sea Reykjanes |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Faroe Bank Greenland Irminger Basin Norwegian Sea Reykjanes |
genre |
Arctic Greenland Iceland Labrador Sea North East Atlantic Northeast Atlantic Norwegian Sea |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greenland Iceland Labrador Sea North East Atlantic Northeast Atlantic Norwegian Sea |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/4841/1/1-s2.0-S0967063702001310-main.pdf Fogelqvist, E., Blindheim, J., Tanhua, T. , Buch, E. and Österhus, S. (2003) Greenland- Scotland Overflow studied by hydro-chemical multivariate analysis. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 50 (1). pp. 73-102. DOI 10.1016/S0967-0637(02)00131-0 <https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637%2802%2900131-0>. doi:10.1016/S0967-0637(02)00131-0 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(02)00131-0 |
container_title |
Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers |
container_volume |
50 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
73 |
op_container_end_page |
102 |
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1766347701458305024 |