Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic
The duration and magnitude of the North Atlantic spring bloom impacts both higher trophic levels and oceanic carbon sequestration. Nutrient exhaustion offers a general explanation for bloom termination, but detail on which nutrients and their relative influence on phytoplankton productivity, communi...
Published in: | Limnology and Oceanography |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
2020
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Online Access: | https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/15/lno.11376.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/2/lno11376-sup-0001-supinfo1.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/3/lno11376-sup-0002-supinfo2.txt https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11376 |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:48268 2023-05-15T17:29:23+02:00 Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic Browning, Thomas J. Al-Hashem, Ali A. Hopwood, Mark J. Engel, Anja Wakefield, Ewan D. Achterberg, Eric P. 2020-06 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/15/lno.11376.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/2/lno11376-sup-0001-supinfo1.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/3/lno11376-sup-0002-supinfo2.txt https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11376 en eng ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography) Wiley https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/15/lno.11376.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/2/lno11376-sup-0001-supinfo1.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/3/lno11376-sup-0002-supinfo2.txt Browning, T. J. , Al-Hashem, A. A., Hopwood, M. J. , Engel, A. , Wakefield, E. D. and Achterberg, E. P. (2020) Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic. Open Access Limnology and Oceanography, 65 (6). pp. 1136-1148. DOI 10.1002/lno.11376 <https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11376>. doi:10.1002/lno.11376 cc_by_4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Article PeerReviewed info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2020 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11376 2023-04-07T15:48:11Z The duration and magnitude of the North Atlantic spring bloom impacts both higher trophic levels and oceanic carbon sequestration. Nutrient exhaustion offers a general explanation for bloom termination, but detail on which nutrients and their relative influence on phytoplankton productivity, community structure, and physiology is lacking. Here, we address this using nutrient addition bioassay experiments conducted across the midlatitude North Atlantic in June 2017 (late spring). In four out of six experiments, phytoplankton accumulated over 48–72 h following individual additions of either iron (Fe) or nitrogen (N). In the remaining two experiments, Fe and N were serially limiting, that is, their combined addition sequentially enhanced phytoplankton accumulation. Silicic acid (Si) added in combination with N + Fe led to further chlorophyll a (Chl a) enhancement at two sites. Conversely, addition of zinc, manganese, cobalt, vitamin B12, or phosphate in combination with N + Fe did not. At two sites, the simultaneous supply of all six nutrients, in combination with N + Fe, also led to no further Chl a enhancement, but did result in an additional 30–60% particulate carbon accumulation. This particulate carbon accumulation was not matched by a Redfield equivalent of particulate N, characteristic of high C:N organic exudates that enhance cell aggregation and sinking. Our results suggest that growth rates of larger phytoplankton were primarily limited by Fe and/or N, making the availability of these nutrients the main bottom‐up factors contributing to spring bloom termination. In addition, the simultaneous availability of other nutrients could modify bloom characteristics and carbon export efficiency. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Limnology and Oceanography 65 6 1136 1148 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
op_collection_id |
ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
The duration and magnitude of the North Atlantic spring bloom impacts both higher trophic levels and oceanic carbon sequestration. Nutrient exhaustion offers a general explanation for bloom termination, but detail on which nutrients and their relative influence on phytoplankton productivity, community structure, and physiology is lacking. Here, we address this using nutrient addition bioassay experiments conducted across the midlatitude North Atlantic in June 2017 (late spring). In four out of six experiments, phytoplankton accumulated over 48–72 h following individual additions of either iron (Fe) or nitrogen (N). In the remaining two experiments, Fe and N were serially limiting, that is, their combined addition sequentially enhanced phytoplankton accumulation. Silicic acid (Si) added in combination with N + Fe led to further chlorophyll a (Chl a) enhancement at two sites. Conversely, addition of zinc, manganese, cobalt, vitamin B12, or phosphate in combination with N + Fe did not. At two sites, the simultaneous supply of all six nutrients, in combination with N + Fe, also led to no further Chl a enhancement, but did result in an additional 30–60% particulate carbon accumulation. This particulate carbon accumulation was not matched by a Redfield equivalent of particulate N, characteristic of high C:N organic exudates that enhance cell aggregation and sinking. Our results suggest that growth rates of larger phytoplankton were primarily limited by Fe and/or N, making the availability of these nutrients the main bottom‐up factors contributing to spring bloom termination. In addition, the simultaneous availability of other nutrients could modify bloom characteristics and carbon export efficiency. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Browning, Thomas J. Al-Hashem, Ali A. Hopwood, Mark J. Engel, Anja Wakefield, Ewan D. Achterberg, Eric P. |
spellingShingle |
Browning, Thomas J. Al-Hashem, Ali A. Hopwood, Mark J. Engel, Anja Wakefield, Ewan D. Achterberg, Eric P. Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic |
author_facet |
Browning, Thomas J. Al-Hashem, Ali A. Hopwood, Mark J. Engel, Anja Wakefield, Ewan D. Achterberg, Eric P. |
author_sort |
Browning, Thomas J. |
title |
Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic |
title_short |
Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic |
title_full |
Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic |
title_fullStr |
Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic |
title_sort |
nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude north atlantic |
publisher |
ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/15/lno.11376.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/2/lno11376-sup-0001-supinfo1.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/3/lno11376-sup-0002-supinfo2.txt https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11376 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/15/lno.11376.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/2/lno11376-sup-0001-supinfo1.pdf https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/48268/3/lno11376-sup-0002-supinfo2.txt Browning, T. J. , Al-Hashem, A. A., Hopwood, M. J. , Engel, A. , Wakefield, E. D. and Achterberg, E. P. (2020) Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic. Open Access Limnology and Oceanography, 65 (6). pp. 1136-1148. DOI 10.1002/lno.11376 <https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11376>. doi:10.1002/lno.11376 |
op_rights |
cc_by_4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11376 |
container_title |
Limnology and Oceanography |
container_volume |
65 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1136 |
op_container_end_page |
1148 |
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1766123291463909376 |