Increased capture of magma in the crust promoted by ice-cap retreat in Iceland
Climate warming at the end of the last glaciation caused ice caps on Icelandic volcanoes to retreat. Removal of surface ice load is thought to have decreased pressures in the underlying mantle, triggering decompression melting, enhanced magma generation and increased volcanic activity1–3. Present-da...
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Online Access: | https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/38400/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/38400/1/Hooper.pdf https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1269 |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:38400 2023-05-15T16:38:03+02:00 Increased capture of magma in the crust promoted by ice-cap retreat in Iceland Hooper, Andrew Ofeigsson, Benedikt Sigmundsson, Freysteinn Lund, Björn Einarsson, Pall Geirsson, Halldor Sturkell, Erik 2011 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/38400/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/38400/1/Hooper.pdf https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1269 en eng Nature Publishing Group https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/38400/1/Hooper.pdf Hooper, A., Ofeigsson, B., Sigmundsson, F., Lund, B., Einarsson, P., Geirsson, H. and Sturkell, E. (2011) Increased capture of magma in the crust promoted by ice-cap retreat in Iceland. Nature Geoscience, 4 (11). pp. 783-786. DOI 10.1038/NGEO1269 <https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1269>. doi:10.1038/NGEO1269 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Article PeerReviewed 2011 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1269 2023-04-07T15:33:50Z Climate warming at the end of the last glaciation caused ice caps on Icelandic volcanoes to retreat. Removal of surface ice load is thought to have decreased pressures in the underlying mantle, triggering decompression melting, enhanced magma generation and increased volcanic activity1–3. Present-day climate change could have the same effect, although there may be a time lag of hundreds of years between magma generation and eruption4,5. However, in addition to increased magma generation, pressure changes associated with ice retreat should also alter the capacity for storing magma within the crust. Here we use a numerical model to evaluate the effect of the current decrease in ice load on magma storage in the crust at the Kverkfjöll volcanic system, located partially beneath Iceland’s largest ice cap. We compare the model results with radar and global positioning system measurements of surface displacement and changes in crustal stress between 2007 and 2008, during the intrusion of a deep dyke at Upptyppingar. We find that although the main component of stress recorded during dyke intrusion relates to plate extension, another component of stress is consistent with the stress field caused by the retreating ice cap. We conclude that the retreating ice cap led to enhanced capture of magma within the crust. We suggest that ice-cap retreat can promote magma storage, rather than eruption, at least in the short term. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice cap Iceland OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Kverkfjöll ENVELOPE(-16.700,-16.700,64.650,64.650) Upptyppingar ENVELOPE(-16.245,-16.245,65.038,65.038) Nature Geoscience 4 11 783 786 |
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OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
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ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
Climate warming at the end of the last glaciation caused ice caps on Icelandic volcanoes to retreat. Removal of surface ice load is thought to have decreased pressures in the underlying mantle, triggering decompression melting, enhanced magma generation and increased volcanic activity1–3. Present-day climate change could have the same effect, although there may be a time lag of hundreds of years between magma generation and eruption4,5. However, in addition to increased magma generation, pressure changes associated with ice retreat should also alter the capacity for storing magma within the crust. Here we use a numerical model to evaluate the effect of the current decrease in ice load on magma storage in the crust at the Kverkfjöll volcanic system, located partially beneath Iceland’s largest ice cap. We compare the model results with radar and global positioning system measurements of surface displacement and changes in crustal stress between 2007 and 2008, during the intrusion of a deep dyke at Upptyppingar. We find that although the main component of stress recorded during dyke intrusion relates to plate extension, another component of stress is consistent with the stress field caused by the retreating ice cap. We conclude that the retreating ice cap led to enhanced capture of magma within the crust. We suggest that ice-cap retreat can promote magma storage, rather than eruption, at least in the short term. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hooper, Andrew Ofeigsson, Benedikt Sigmundsson, Freysteinn Lund, Björn Einarsson, Pall Geirsson, Halldor Sturkell, Erik |
spellingShingle |
Hooper, Andrew Ofeigsson, Benedikt Sigmundsson, Freysteinn Lund, Björn Einarsson, Pall Geirsson, Halldor Sturkell, Erik Increased capture of magma in the crust promoted by ice-cap retreat in Iceland |
author_facet |
Hooper, Andrew Ofeigsson, Benedikt Sigmundsson, Freysteinn Lund, Björn Einarsson, Pall Geirsson, Halldor Sturkell, Erik |
author_sort |
Hooper, Andrew |
title |
Increased capture of magma in the crust promoted by ice-cap retreat in Iceland |
title_short |
Increased capture of magma in the crust promoted by ice-cap retreat in Iceland |
title_full |
Increased capture of magma in the crust promoted by ice-cap retreat in Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Increased capture of magma in the crust promoted by ice-cap retreat in Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Increased capture of magma in the crust promoted by ice-cap retreat in Iceland |
title_sort |
increased capture of magma in the crust promoted by ice-cap retreat in iceland |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/38400/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/38400/1/Hooper.pdf https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1269 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.700,-16.700,64.650,64.650) ENVELOPE(-16.245,-16.245,65.038,65.038) |
geographic |
Kverkfjöll Upptyppingar |
geographic_facet |
Kverkfjöll Upptyppingar |
genre |
Ice cap Iceland |
genre_facet |
Ice cap Iceland |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/38400/1/Hooper.pdf Hooper, A., Ofeigsson, B., Sigmundsson, F., Lund, B., Einarsson, P., Geirsson, H. and Sturkell, E. (2011) Increased capture of magma in the crust promoted by ice-cap retreat in Iceland. Nature Geoscience, 4 (11). pp. 783-786. DOI 10.1038/NGEO1269 <https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1269>. doi:10.1038/NGEO1269 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1269 |
container_title |
Nature Geoscience |
container_volume |
4 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
783 |
op_container_end_page |
786 |
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1766028350069932032 |