Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland: an onshore part of the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary
Few divergent plate boundaries are subaerial. Active rifts in Iceland provide valuable surface information on divergent spreading processes, rifting and faulting. The 200 km long and 50 km wide Northern Volcanic Rift Zone (NVZ) is composed of 7 volcanic systems, each consisting of a central volcano...
Published in: | Geological Society, London, Special Publications |
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Online Access: | https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/37656/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/37656/1/document.pdf https://doi.org/10.1144/SP420.1 |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:37656 2023-05-15T16:47:58+02:00 Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland: an onshore part of the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary Hjartardóttir, Á. R. Einarsson, P. Magnúsdóttir, S. Björnsdóttir, Þ. Brandsdóttir, B. 2015 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/37656/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/37656/1/document.pdf https://doi.org/10.1144/SP420.1 en eng Geological Society https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/37656/1/document.pdf Hjartardóttir, Á. R., Einarsson, P., Magnúsdóttir, S., Björnsdóttir, Þ. and Brandsdóttir, B. (2015) Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland: an onshore part of the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 420 (1). pp. 297-314. DOI 10.1144/SP420.1 <https://doi.org/10.1144/SP420.1>. doi:10.1144/SP420.1 info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess Article PeerReviewed 2015 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1144/SP420.1 2023-04-07T15:32:48Z Few divergent plate boundaries are subaerial. Active rifts in Iceland provide valuable surface information on divergent spreading processes, rifting and faulting. The 200 km long and 50 km wide Northern Volcanic Rift Zone (NVZ) is composed of 7 volcanic systems, each consisting of a central volcano with a transecting fissure swarm. Fractures and postglacial eruptive fissures in the NVZ were analysed using aerial photographs and satellite images to study their characteristics and behaviour. While non-eruptive fractures characterize the distal (c. 40–100 km) parts of the fissure swarms, eruptive fissures are most common at distances less than c. 20–30 km from the central volcano. Fractures within the fissure swarms are generally subparallel, with a N–NNE strike. Irregular orientations are associated with calderas within the central volcanoes Askja and Krafla, and at the junction of the NVZ and the Tjo¨rnes Fracture Zone, where high fracture densities also occur. WNW-orientated fractures at the southern end of the Krafla Fissure Swarm, and the northern end of the Kverkfjo¨ ll Fissure Swarm, exhibit surface expressions of a transform zone. The fissure swarms within the rift zone are mostly seismically and geodetically inactive, becoming highly active during rifting events that occur at time intervals of tens to a few hundred years. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Askja ENVELOPE(-16.802,-16.802,65.042,65.042) Krafla ENVELOPE(-16.747,-16.747,65.713,65.713) Geological Society, London, Special Publications 420 1 297 314 |
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Open Polar |
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OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
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ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
Few divergent plate boundaries are subaerial. Active rifts in Iceland provide valuable surface information on divergent spreading processes, rifting and faulting. The 200 km long and 50 km wide Northern Volcanic Rift Zone (NVZ) is composed of 7 volcanic systems, each consisting of a central volcano with a transecting fissure swarm. Fractures and postglacial eruptive fissures in the NVZ were analysed using aerial photographs and satellite images to study their characteristics and behaviour. While non-eruptive fractures characterize the distal (c. 40–100 km) parts of the fissure swarms, eruptive fissures are most common at distances less than c. 20–30 km from the central volcano. Fractures within the fissure swarms are generally subparallel, with a N–NNE strike. Irregular orientations are associated with calderas within the central volcanoes Askja and Krafla, and at the junction of the NVZ and the Tjo¨rnes Fracture Zone, where high fracture densities also occur. WNW-orientated fractures at the southern end of the Krafla Fissure Swarm, and the northern end of the Kverkfjo¨ ll Fissure Swarm, exhibit surface expressions of a transform zone. The fissure swarms within the rift zone are mostly seismically and geodetically inactive, becoming highly active during rifting events that occur at time intervals of tens to a few hundred years. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hjartardóttir, Á. R. Einarsson, P. Magnúsdóttir, S. Björnsdóttir, Þ. Brandsdóttir, B. |
spellingShingle |
Hjartardóttir, Á. R. Einarsson, P. Magnúsdóttir, S. Björnsdóttir, Þ. Brandsdóttir, B. Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland: an onshore part of the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary |
author_facet |
Hjartardóttir, Á. R. Einarsson, P. Magnúsdóttir, S. Björnsdóttir, Þ. Brandsdóttir, B. |
author_sort |
Hjartardóttir, Á. R. |
title |
Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland: an onshore part of the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary |
title_short |
Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland: an onshore part of the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary |
title_full |
Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland: an onshore part of the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary |
title_fullStr |
Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland: an onshore part of the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland: an onshore part of the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary |
title_sort |
fracture systems of the northern volcanic rift zone, iceland: an onshore part of the mid-atlantic plate boundary |
publisher |
Geological Society |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/37656/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/37656/1/document.pdf https://doi.org/10.1144/SP420.1 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.802,-16.802,65.042,65.042) ENVELOPE(-16.747,-16.747,65.713,65.713) |
geographic |
Askja Krafla |
geographic_facet |
Askja Krafla |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/37656/1/document.pdf Hjartardóttir, Á. R., Einarsson, P., Magnúsdóttir, S., Björnsdóttir, Þ. and Brandsdóttir, B. (2015) Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland: an onshore part of the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 420 (1). pp. 297-314. DOI 10.1144/SP420.1 <https://doi.org/10.1144/SP420.1>. doi:10.1144/SP420.1 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1144/SP420.1 |
container_title |
Geological Society, London, Special Publications |
container_volume |
420 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
297 |
op_container_end_page |
314 |
_version_ |
1766038060357648384 |