The evolution of the stratopause during the 2006 major warming: Satellite data and assimilated meteorological analyses
Microwave Limb Sounder and Sounding of the Atmosphere with Broadband Emission Radiometry data provide the first opportunity to characterize the four-dimensional stratopause evolution throughout the life-cycle of a major stratospheric sudden warming (SSW). The polar stratopause, usually higher than t...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research |
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Language: | English |
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AGU (American Geophysical Union)
2008
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Online Access: | https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/3658/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/3658/1/2007JD009097.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009097 |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:3658 2023-05-15T18:02:17+02:00 The evolution of the stratopause during the 2006 major warming: Satellite data and assimilated meteorological analyses Manney, Gloria L. Krüger, Kirstin Pawson, Steven Minschwaner, Ken Schwartz, Michael J. Daffer, William H. Livesey, Nathaniel J. Mlynczak, Martin G. Remsberg, Ellis E. Russell III, James M. Waters, Joe W. 2008 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/3658/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/3658/1/2007JD009097.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009097 en eng AGU (American Geophysical Union) https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/3658/1/2007JD009097.pdf Manney, G. L., Krüger, K., Pawson, S., Minschwaner, K., Schwartz, M. J., Daffer, W. H., Livesey, N. J., Mlynczak, M. G., Remsberg, E. E., Russell III, J. M. and Waters, J. W. (2008) The evolution of the stratopause during the 2006 major warming: Satellite data and assimilated meteorological analyses. Open Access Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 113 . D11115. DOI 10.1029/2007JD009097 <https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009097>. doi:10.1029/2007JD009097 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Article PeerReviewed 2008 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009097 2023-04-07T14:48:09Z Microwave Limb Sounder and Sounding of the Atmosphere with Broadband Emission Radiometry data provide the first opportunity to characterize the four-dimensional stratopause evolution throughout the life-cycle of a major stratospheric sudden warming (SSW). The polar stratopause, usually higher than that at midlatitudes, dropped by ∼30 km and warmed during development of a major “wave 1” SSW in January 2006, with accompanying mesospheric cooling. When the polar vortex broke down, the stratopause cooled and became ill-defined, with a nearly isothermal stratosphere. After the polar vortex started to recover in the upper stratosphere/lower mesosphere (USLM), a cool stratopause reformed above 75 km, then dropped and warmed; both the mesosphere above and the stratosphere below cooled at this time. The polar stratopause remained separated from that at midlatitudes across the core of the polar night jet. In the early stages of the SSW, the strongly tilted (westward with increasing altitude) polar vortex extended into the mesosphere, and enclosed a secondary temperature maximum extending westward and slightly equatorward from the highest altitude part of the polar stratopause over the cool stratopause near the vortex edge. The temperature evolution in the USLM resulted in strongly enhanced radiative cooling in the mesosphere during the recovery from the SSW, but significantly reduced radiative cooling in the upper stratosphere. Assimilated meteorological analyses from the European Centre for Medium-Range weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and Goddard Earth Observing System Version 5.0.1 (GEOS-5), which are not constrained by data at polar stratopause altitudes and have model tops near 80 km, could not capture the secondary temperature maximum or the high stratopause after the SSW; they also misrepresent polar temperature structure during and after the stratopause breakdown, leading to large biases in their radiative heating rates. ECMWF analyses represent the stratospheric temperature structure more accurately, suggesting a better ... Article in Journal/Newspaper polar night OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Journal of Geophysical Research 113 D11 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
op_collection_id |
ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
Microwave Limb Sounder and Sounding of the Atmosphere with Broadband Emission Radiometry data provide the first opportunity to characterize the four-dimensional stratopause evolution throughout the life-cycle of a major stratospheric sudden warming (SSW). The polar stratopause, usually higher than that at midlatitudes, dropped by ∼30 km and warmed during development of a major “wave 1” SSW in January 2006, with accompanying mesospheric cooling. When the polar vortex broke down, the stratopause cooled and became ill-defined, with a nearly isothermal stratosphere. After the polar vortex started to recover in the upper stratosphere/lower mesosphere (USLM), a cool stratopause reformed above 75 km, then dropped and warmed; both the mesosphere above and the stratosphere below cooled at this time. The polar stratopause remained separated from that at midlatitudes across the core of the polar night jet. In the early stages of the SSW, the strongly tilted (westward with increasing altitude) polar vortex extended into the mesosphere, and enclosed a secondary temperature maximum extending westward and slightly equatorward from the highest altitude part of the polar stratopause over the cool stratopause near the vortex edge. The temperature evolution in the USLM resulted in strongly enhanced radiative cooling in the mesosphere during the recovery from the SSW, but significantly reduced radiative cooling in the upper stratosphere. Assimilated meteorological analyses from the European Centre for Medium-Range weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and Goddard Earth Observing System Version 5.0.1 (GEOS-5), which are not constrained by data at polar stratopause altitudes and have model tops near 80 km, could not capture the secondary temperature maximum or the high stratopause after the SSW; they also misrepresent polar temperature structure during and after the stratopause breakdown, leading to large biases in their radiative heating rates. ECMWF analyses represent the stratospheric temperature structure more accurately, suggesting a better ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Manney, Gloria L. Krüger, Kirstin Pawson, Steven Minschwaner, Ken Schwartz, Michael J. Daffer, William H. Livesey, Nathaniel J. Mlynczak, Martin G. Remsberg, Ellis E. Russell III, James M. Waters, Joe W. |
spellingShingle |
Manney, Gloria L. Krüger, Kirstin Pawson, Steven Minschwaner, Ken Schwartz, Michael J. Daffer, William H. Livesey, Nathaniel J. Mlynczak, Martin G. Remsberg, Ellis E. Russell III, James M. Waters, Joe W. The evolution of the stratopause during the 2006 major warming: Satellite data and assimilated meteorological analyses |
author_facet |
Manney, Gloria L. Krüger, Kirstin Pawson, Steven Minschwaner, Ken Schwartz, Michael J. Daffer, William H. Livesey, Nathaniel J. Mlynczak, Martin G. Remsberg, Ellis E. Russell III, James M. Waters, Joe W. |
author_sort |
Manney, Gloria L. |
title |
The evolution of the stratopause during the 2006 major warming: Satellite data and assimilated meteorological analyses |
title_short |
The evolution of the stratopause during the 2006 major warming: Satellite data and assimilated meteorological analyses |
title_full |
The evolution of the stratopause during the 2006 major warming: Satellite data and assimilated meteorological analyses |
title_fullStr |
The evolution of the stratopause during the 2006 major warming: Satellite data and assimilated meteorological analyses |
title_full_unstemmed |
The evolution of the stratopause during the 2006 major warming: Satellite data and assimilated meteorological analyses |
title_sort |
evolution of the stratopause during the 2006 major warming: satellite data and assimilated meteorological analyses |
publisher |
AGU (American Geophysical Union) |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/3658/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/3658/1/2007JD009097.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009097 |
genre |
polar night |
genre_facet |
polar night |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/3658/1/2007JD009097.pdf Manney, G. L., Krüger, K., Pawson, S., Minschwaner, K., Schwartz, M. J., Daffer, W. H., Livesey, N. J., Mlynczak, M. G., Remsberg, E. E., Russell III, J. M. and Waters, J. W. (2008) The evolution of the stratopause during the 2006 major warming: Satellite data and assimilated meteorological analyses. Open Access Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 113 . D11115. DOI 10.1029/2007JD009097 <https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009097>. doi:10.1029/2007JD009097 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009097 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research |
container_volume |
113 |
container_issue |
D11 |
_version_ |
1766172101095456768 |