Physical and biogeochemical controls on the variability in surface pH and calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic sectors of the Arctic and Southern Oceans
Polar oceans are particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification due to their low temperatures and reduced buffering capacity, and are expected to experience extensive low pH conditions and reduced carbonate mineral saturations states (Ω) in the near future. However, the impact of anthropogenic CO2 o...
Published in: | Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:31325 2023-05-15T14:27:52+02:00 Physical and biogeochemical controls on the variability in surface pH and calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic sectors of the Arctic and Southern Oceans Tynan, Eithne Clarke, Jennifer S. Humphreys, Matthew P. Ribas-Ribas, Mariana Esposito, Mario Rérolle, Victoire M.C. Schlosser, C. Thorpe, Sally E. Tyrrell, Toby Achterberg, Eric P. 2016-05 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/31325/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/31325/3/Tynan_Suppl.docx https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/31325/9/1-s2.0-S0967064516000126-main%281%29.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.01.001 en eng Elsevier https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/31325/3/Tynan_Suppl.docx https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/31325/9/1-s2.0-S0967064516000126-main%281%29.pdf Tynan, E., Clarke, J. S., Humphreys, M. P., Ribas-Ribas, M., Esposito, M., Rérolle, V. M. C., Schlosser, C., Thorpe, S. E., Tyrrell, T. and Achterberg, E. P. (2016) Physical and biogeochemical controls on the variability in surface pH and calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic sectors of the Arctic and Southern Oceans. Open Access Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 127 . pp. 7-27. DOI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.01.001 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.01.001>. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.01.001 cc_by_4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Article PeerReviewed 2016 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.01.001 2023-04-07T15:23:32Z Polar oceans are particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification due to their low temperatures and reduced buffering capacity, and are expected to experience extensive low pH conditions and reduced carbonate mineral saturations states (Ω) in the near future. However, the impact of anthropogenic CO2 on pH and Ω will vary regionally between and across the Arctic and Southern Oceans. Here we investigate the carbonate chemistry in the Atlantic sector of two polar oceans, the Nordic Seas and Barents Sea in the Arctic Ocean, and the Scotia and Weddell Seas in the Southern Ocean, to determine the physical and biogeochemical processes that control surface pH and Ω. High-resolution observations showed large gradients in surface pH (0.10 to 0.30) and aragonite saturation state (Ωar) (0.2 to 1.0) over small spatial scales, and these were particularly strong in sea-ice covered areas (up to 0.45 in pH and 2.0 in Ωar). In the Arctic, sea-ice melt facilitated bloom initiation in light-limited and iron replete (dFe>0.2 nM) regions, such as the Fram Strait, resulting in high pH (8.45) and Ωar (3.0) along the sea-ice edge. In contrast, accumulation of dissolved inorganic carbon derived from organic carbon mineralisation under the ice resulted in low pH (8.05) and Ωar (1.1) in areas where thick ice persisted. In the Southern Ocean, sea-ice retreat resulted in bloom formation only where terrestrial inputs supplied sufficient iron (dFe>0.2 nM), such as in the vicinity of the South Sandwich Islands where enhanced pH (8.3) and Ωar (2.3) were primarily due to biological production. In contrast, in the adjacent Weddell Sea, weak biological uptake of CO2 due to low iron concentrations (dFe<0.2 nM) resulted in low pH (8.1) and Ωar (1.6). The large spatial variability in both polar oceans highlights the need for spatially resolved surface data of carbonate chemistry variables but also nutrients (including iron) in order to accurately elucidate the large gradients experienced by marine organisms and to understand their response to ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Fram Strait Nordic Seas Ocean acidification Sea ice South Sandwich Islands Southern Ocean Weddell Sea ice covered areas OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Sandwich Islands South Sandwich Islands Southern Ocean Weddell Weddell Sea Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 127 7 27 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
op_collection_id |
ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
Polar oceans are particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification due to their low temperatures and reduced buffering capacity, and are expected to experience extensive low pH conditions and reduced carbonate mineral saturations states (Ω) in the near future. However, the impact of anthropogenic CO2 on pH and Ω will vary regionally between and across the Arctic and Southern Oceans. Here we investigate the carbonate chemistry in the Atlantic sector of two polar oceans, the Nordic Seas and Barents Sea in the Arctic Ocean, and the Scotia and Weddell Seas in the Southern Ocean, to determine the physical and biogeochemical processes that control surface pH and Ω. High-resolution observations showed large gradients in surface pH (0.10 to 0.30) and aragonite saturation state (Ωar) (0.2 to 1.0) over small spatial scales, and these were particularly strong in sea-ice covered areas (up to 0.45 in pH and 2.0 in Ωar). In the Arctic, sea-ice melt facilitated bloom initiation in light-limited and iron replete (dFe>0.2 nM) regions, such as the Fram Strait, resulting in high pH (8.45) and Ωar (3.0) along the sea-ice edge. In contrast, accumulation of dissolved inorganic carbon derived from organic carbon mineralisation under the ice resulted in low pH (8.05) and Ωar (1.1) in areas where thick ice persisted. In the Southern Ocean, sea-ice retreat resulted in bloom formation only where terrestrial inputs supplied sufficient iron (dFe>0.2 nM), such as in the vicinity of the South Sandwich Islands where enhanced pH (8.3) and Ωar (2.3) were primarily due to biological production. In contrast, in the adjacent Weddell Sea, weak biological uptake of CO2 due to low iron concentrations (dFe<0.2 nM) resulted in low pH (8.1) and Ωar (1.6). The large spatial variability in both polar oceans highlights the need for spatially resolved surface data of carbonate chemistry variables but also nutrients (including iron) in order to accurately elucidate the large gradients experienced by marine organisms and to understand their response to ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tynan, Eithne Clarke, Jennifer S. Humphreys, Matthew P. Ribas-Ribas, Mariana Esposito, Mario Rérolle, Victoire M.C. Schlosser, C. Thorpe, Sally E. Tyrrell, Toby Achterberg, Eric P. |
spellingShingle |
Tynan, Eithne Clarke, Jennifer S. Humphreys, Matthew P. Ribas-Ribas, Mariana Esposito, Mario Rérolle, Victoire M.C. Schlosser, C. Thorpe, Sally E. Tyrrell, Toby Achterberg, Eric P. Physical and biogeochemical controls on the variability in surface pH and calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic sectors of the Arctic and Southern Oceans |
author_facet |
Tynan, Eithne Clarke, Jennifer S. Humphreys, Matthew P. Ribas-Ribas, Mariana Esposito, Mario Rérolle, Victoire M.C. Schlosser, C. Thorpe, Sally E. Tyrrell, Toby Achterberg, Eric P. |
author_sort |
Tynan, Eithne |
title |
Physical and biogeochemical controls on the variability in surface pH and calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic sectors of the Arctic and Southern Oceans |
title_short |
Physical and biogeochemical controls on the variability in surface pH and calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic sectors of the Arctic and Southern Oceans |
title_full |
Physical and biogeochemical controls on the variability in surface pH and calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic sectors of the Arctic and Southern Oceans |
title_fullStr |
Physical and biogeochemical controls on the variability in surface pH and calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic sectors of the Arctic and Southern Oceans |
title_full_unstemmed |
Physical and biogeochemical controls on the variability in surface pH and calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic sectors of the Arctic and Southern Oceans |
title_sort |
physical and biogeochemical controls on the variability in surface ph and calcium carbonate saturation states in the atlantic sectors of the arctic and southern oceans |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/31325/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/31325/3/Tynan_Suppl.docx https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/31325/9/1-s2.0-S0967064516000126-main%281%29.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.01.001 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Sandwich Islands South Sandwich Islands Southern Ocean Weddell Weddell Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Sandwich Islands South Sandwich Islands Southern Ocean Weddell Weddell Sea |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Fram Strait Nordic Seas Ocean acidification Sea ice South Sandwich Islands Southern Ocean Weddell Sea ice covered areas |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Fram Strait Nordic Seas Ocean acidification Sea ice South Sandwich Islands Southern Ocean Weddell Sea ice covered areas |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/31325/3/Tynan_Suppl.docx https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/31325/9/1-s2.0-S0967064516000126-main%281%29.pdf Tynan, E., Clarke, J. S., Humphreys, M. P., Ribas-Ribas, M., Esposito, M., Rérolle, V. M. C., Schlosser, C., Thorpe, S. E., Tyrrell, T. and Achterberg, E. P. (2016) Physical and biogeochemical controls on the variability in surface pH and calcium carbonate saturation states in the Atlantic sectors of the Arctic and Southern Oceans. Open Access Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 127 . pp. 7-27. DOI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.01.001 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.01.001>. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.01.001 |
op_rights |
cc_by_4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.01.001 |
container_title |
Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography |
container_volume |
127 |
container_start_page |
7 |
op_container_end_page |
27 |
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1766301904592175104 |