Deep water changes at the western boundary of the subpolar North Atlantic during 1996 to 2001
Repeated hydrographic observations between 1996 and 2001 of the deep water mass distribution on four sections in the western Labrador Sea and northwestern North Atlantic at about 56°N, 53°N, 48°N and 43°N show significant changes in the water mass characteristics. These changes are spreading southwa...
Published in: | Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2004
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Online Access: | https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/2046/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/2046/1/1-s2.0-S0967063704000640-main.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.04.001 |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:2046 2024-09-30T14:34:05+00:00 Deep water changes at the western boundary of the subpolar North Atlantic during 1996 to 2001 Stramma, Lothar Kieke, Dagmar Rhein, Monika Schott, Friedrich Yashayev, Igor Koltermann, Klaus P. 2004-08 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/2046/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/2046/1/1-s2.0-S0967063704000640-main.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.04.001 en eng Elsevier https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/2046/1/1-s2.0-S0967063704000640-main.pdf Stramma, L. , Kieke, D., Rhein, M., Schott, F., Yashayev, I. and Koltermann, K. P. (2004) Deep water changes at the western boundary of the subpolar North Atlantic during 1996 to 2001. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 51 (8). pp. 1033-1056. DOI 10.1016/j.dsr.2004.04.001 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.04.001>. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2004.04.001 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Article PeerReviewed 2004 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.04.001 2024-09-04T05:04:40Z Repeated hydrographic observations between 1996 and 2001 of the deep water mass distribution on four sections in the western Labrador Sea and northwestern North Atlantic at about 56°N, 53°N, 48°N and 43°N show significant changes in the water mass characteristics. These changes are spreading southward mainly with the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC). Shallower convection forms a convective water mass known as upper Labrador Sea Water (ULSW). During periods of deep convection in the Labrador Sea, ULSW was described to be formed in the western boundary current region. In the post deep convection period 1996 to 2001 ULSW was formed in the western and central Labrador Sea and spreads mainly westward towards and along the western boundary. At 53°N ULSW moves southward as a part of the deep Labrador Current, also constituting the upper part of the DWBC. In the early 1990s the deep convection produced a large volume of deep Labrador Sea Water (LSW) which filled intermediate layers of the central region of the Labrador Sea. After these years the convection became weaker, with no apparent LSW renewal in 1996, partial mixing down to 1500 m in 1997 and no notable LSW formation between 1998 and 2001. At the southwestern exit of the Labrador Sea at 53°N the deep LSW in 2001 was least in thickness and highest in salinity and temperature compared to the years since 1996. This reflects restratification which resulted in an increase in the density stratification between 1000 and 2000 m in the central Labrador Sea as well as year-to-year transformation of the LSW core. LSW passes 43°N off the Grand Banks about 1 to 2 years after it was first seen at 56°N. At the 48°N and 43°N sections the northward flowing North Atlantic Current (NAC), farther offshore than the DWBC, complicates the property distributions. Saltier and warmer LSW recirculates northward with the NAC at 43°N. Between 1996 and 2001 the Gibbs Fracture Zone Water (GFZW) turned colder and fresher. The Denmark Strait Overflow Water (DSOW) showed two periods of ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Denmark Strait Labrador Sea north atlantic current North Atlantic OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 51 8 1033 1056 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
op_collection_id |
ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
Repeated hydrographic observations between 1996 and 2001 of the deep water mass distribution on four sections in the western Labrador Sea and northwestern North Atlantic at about 56°N, 53°N, 48°N and 43°N show significant changes in the water mass characteristics. These changes are spreading southward mainly with the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC). Shallower convection forms a convective water mass known as upper Labrador Sea Water (ULSW). During periods of deep convection in the Labrador Sea, ULSW was described to be formed in the western boundary current region. In the post deep convection period 1996 to 2001 ULSW was formed in the western and central Labrador Sea and spreads mainly westward towards and along the western boundary. At 53°N ULSW moves southward as a part of the deep Labrador Current, also constituting the upper part of the DWBC. In the early 1990s the deep convection produced a large volume of deep Labrador Sea Water (LSW) which filled intermediate layers of the central region of the Labrador Sea. After these years the convection became weaker, with no apparent LSW renewal in 1996, partial mixing down to 1500 m in 1997 and no notable LSW formation between 1998 and 2001. At the southwestern exit of the Labrador Sea at 53°N the deep LSW in 2001 was least in thickness and highest in salinity and temperature compared to the years since 1996. This reflects restratification which resulted in an increase in the density stratification between 1000 and 2000 m in the central Labrador Sea as well as year-to-year transformation of the LSW core. LSW passes 43°N off the Grand Banks about 1 to 2 years after it was first seen at 56°N. At the 48°N and 43°N sections the northward flowing North Atlantic Current (NAC), farther offshore than the DWBC, complicates the property distributions. Saltier and warmer LSW recirculates northward with the NAC at 43°N. Between 1996 and 2001 the Gibbs Fracture Zone Water (GFZW) turned colder and fresher. The Denmark Strait Overflow Water (DSOW) showed two periods of ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stramma, Lothar Kieke, Dagmar Rhein, Monika Schott, Friedrich Yashayev, Igor Koltermann, Klaus P. |
spellingShingle |
Stramma, Lothar Kieke, Dagmar Rhein, Monika Schott, Friedrich Yashayev, Igor Koltermann, Klaus P. Deep water changes at the western boundary of the subpolar North Atlantic during 1996 to 2001 |
author_facet |
Stramma, Lothar Kieke, Dagmar Rhein, Monika Schott, Friedrich Yashayev, Igor Koltermann, Klaus P. |
author_sort |
Stramma, Lothar |
title |
Deep water changes at the western boundary of the subpolar North Atlantic during 1996 to 2001 |
title_short |
Deep water changes at the western boundary of the subpolar North Atlantic during 1996 to 2001 |
title_full |
Deep water changes at the western boundary of the subpolar North Atlantic during 1996 to 2001 |
title_fullStr |
Deep water changes at the western boundary of the subpolar North Atlantic during 1996 to 2001 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Deep water changes at the western boundary of the subpolar North Atlantic during 1996 to 2001 |
title_sort |
deep water changes at the western boundary of the subpolar north atlantic during 1996 to 2001 |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2004 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/2046/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/2046/1/1-s2.0-S0967063704000640-main.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.04.001 |
genre |
Denmark Strait Labrador Sea north atlantic current North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Denmark Strait Labrador Sea north atlantic current North Atlantic |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/2046/1/1-s2.0-S0967063704000640-main.pdf Stramma, L. , Kieke, D., Rhein, M., Schott, F., Yashayev, I. and Koltermann, K. P. (2004) Deep water changes at the western boundary of the subpolar North Atlantic during 1996 to 2001. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 51 (8). pp. 1033-1056. DOI 10.1016/j.dsr.2004.04.001 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.04.001>. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2004.04.001 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.04.001 |
container_title |
Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers |
container_volume |
51 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
1033 |
op_container_end_page |
1056 |
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1811637798209323008 |