The early twentieth century warming and winter Arctic sea ice
The Arctic featured the strongest surface warming over the globe during the recent decades, and the temperature increase was accompanied by a rapid decline in sea ice extent. However, little is known about Arctic sea ice change during the Early Twentieth Century Warming (ETCW) during 1920–1940, also...
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Online Access: | https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/15426/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/15426/1/tc-6-1231-2012.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-1231-2012 |
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ftoceanrep:oai:oceanrep.geomar.de:15426 2023-05-15T14:26:09+02:00 The early twentieth century warming and winter Arctic sea ice Semenov, Vladimir Latif, Mojib 2012-11-01 text https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/15426/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/15426/1/tc-6-1231-2012.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-1231-2012 en eng Copernicus Publications (EGU) https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/15426/1/tc-6-1231-2012.pdf Semenov, V. and Latif, M. (2012) The early twentieth century warming and winter Arctic sea ice. Open Access The Cryosphere, 6 (6). pp. 1231-1237. DOI 10.5194/tc-6-1231-2012 <https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-1231-2012>. doi:10.5194/tc-6-1231-2012 cc_by_3.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Article PeerReviewed info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2012 ftoceanrep https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-1231-2012 2023-04-07T15:05:23Z The Arctic featured the strongest surface warming over the globe during the recent decades, and the temperature increase was accompanied by a rapid decline in sea ice extent. However, little is known about Arctic sea ice change during the Early Twentieth Century Warming (ETCW) during 1920–1940, also a period of a strong surface warming, both globally and in the Arctic. Here, we investigate the sensitivity of Arctic winter surface air temperature (SAT) to sea ice during 1875–2008 by means of simulations with an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) forced by estimates of the observed sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice concentration. The Arctic warming trend since the 1960s is very well reproduced by the model. In contrast, ETCW in the Arctic is hardly captured. This is consistent with the fact that the sea ice extent in the forcing data does not strongly vary during ETCW. AGCM simulations with observed SST but fixed sea ice reveal a strong dependence of winter SAT on sea ice extent. In particular, the warming during the recent decades is strongly underestimated by the model, if the sea ice extent does not decline and varies only seasonally. This suggests that a significant reduction of Arctic sea ice extent may have also accompanied the Early Twentieth Century Warming, pointing toward an important link between anomalous sea ice extent and Arctic surface temperature variability. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Sea ice The Cryosphere OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) Arctic The Cryosphere 6 6 1231 1237 |
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Open Polar |
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OceanRep (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre für Ocean Research Kiel) |
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ftoceanrep |
language |
English |
description |
The Arctic featured the strongest surface warming over the globe during the recent decades, and the temperature increase was accompanied by a rapid decline in sea ice extent. However, little is known about Arctic sea ice change during the Early Twentieth Century Warming (ETCW) during 1920–1940, also a period of a strong surface warming, both globally and in the Arctic. Here, we investigate the sensitivity of Arctic winter surface air temperature (SAT) to sea ice during 1875–2008 by means of simulations with an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) forced by estimates of the observed sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice concentration. The Arctic warming trend since the 1960s is very well reproduced by the model. In contrast, ETCW in the Arctic is hardly captured. This is consistent with the fact that the sea ice extent in the forcing data does not strongly vary during ETCW. AGCM simulations with observed SST but fixed sea ice reveal a strong dependence of winter SAT on sea ice extent. In particular, the warming during the recent decades is strongly underestimated by the model, if the sea ice extent does not decline and varies only seasonally. This suggests that a significant reduction of Arctic sea ice extent may have also accompanied the Early Twentieth Century Warming, pointing toward an important link between anomalous sea ice extent and Arctic surface temperature variability. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Semenov, Vladimir Latif, Mojib |
spellingShingle |
Semenov, Vladimir Latif, Mojib The early twentieth century warming and winter Arctic sea ice |
author_facet |
Semenov, Vladimir Latif, Mojib |
author_sort |
Semenov, Vladimir |
title |
The early twentieth century warming and winter Arctic sea ice |
title_short |
The early twentieth century warming and winter Arctic sea ice |
title_full |
The early twentieth century warming and winter Arctic sea ice |
title_fullStr |
The early twentieth century warming and winter Arctic sea ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
The early twentieth century warming and winter Arctic sea ice |
title_sort |
early twentieth century warming and winter arctic sea ice |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications (EGU) |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/15426/ https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/15426/1/tc-6-1231-2012.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-1231-2012 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Sea ice The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Sea ice The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/15426/1/tc-6-1231-2012.pdf Semenov, V. and Latif, M. (2012) The early twentieth century warming and winter Arctic sea ice. Open Access The Cryosphere, 6 (6). pp. 1231-1237. DOI 10.5194/tc-6-1231-2012 <https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-1231-2012>. doi:10.5194/tc-6-1231-2012 |
op_rights |
cc_by_3.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-1231-2012 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1231 |
op_container_end_page |
1237 |
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1766298623616745472 |