Wind-driven upwelling of iron sustains dense blooms and food webs in the eastern Weddell Gyre.
The Southern Ocean is a major sink of anthropogenic CO2 and an important foraging area for top trophic level consumers. However, iron limitation sets an upper limit to primary productivity. Here we report on a considerably dense late summer phytoplankton bloom spanning 9000 km2 in the open ocean of...
Published in: | Nature Communications |
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1834/42793 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36992-1 |
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ftoceandocs:oai:aquadocs.org:1834/42793 2023-10-25T01:30:12+02:00 Wind-driven upwelling of iron sustains dense blooms and food webs in the eastern Weddell Gyre. Moreau, Sebastien Hattermann, Tore de Steur, Laura Kauko, Hanna M. Ahonen, Heidi Ardelan, Murat Assmy, Philipp Chierici, Melissa Descamps, Sebastien Dinter, Tilman Falkenhaug, Tone Fransson, Agneta Grønningsæter, Eirik Hallfredsson, Elvar H. Huhn, Oliver Lebrun, Anais Lowther, Andrew Lübcker, Nico Monteiro, Pedro Peeken, Ilka Roychoudhury, Alakendra Różańska, Magdalena Ryan-Keogh, Thomas Sanchez, Nicolas Singh, Asmita Simonsen, Jan Henrik Steiger, Nadine Thomalla, Sandy J. van Tonder, Andre Wiktor, Jozef M. Steen, Harald Weddell Gyre Southern Ocean 2023 http://hdl.handle.net/1834/42793 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36992-1 en eng https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-36992-1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36992-1 http://hdl.handle.net/1834/42793 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Primary production Phytoplankton bloom Journal Contribution 2023 ftoceandocs https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36992-1 2023-09-27T22:24:55Z The Southern Ocean is a major sink of anthropogenic CO2 and an important foraging area for top trophic level consumers. However, iron limitation sets an upper limit to primary productivity. Here we report on a considerably dense late summer phytoplankton bloom spanning 9000 km2 in the open ocean of the eastern Weddell Gyre. Over its 2.5 months duration, the bloom accumulated up to 20 g C m−2 of organic matter, which is unusually high for Southern Ocean open waters. We show that, over 1997–2019, this open ocean bloom was likely driven by anomalies in easterly winds that push sea ice southwards and favor the upwelling of Warm Deep Water enriched in hydrothermal iron and, possibly, other iron sources. This recurring open ocean bloom likely facilitates enhanced carbon export and sustains high standing stocks of Antarctic krill, supporting feeding hot spots for marine birds and baleen whales. Challenge 4. 9 Published Refereed Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill baleen whales Sea ice Southern Ocean IODE-UNESCO: OceanDocs - E-Repository of Ocean Publications Antarctic Southern Ocean Weddell Nature Communications 14 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
IODE-UNESCO: OceanDocs - E-Repository of Ocean Publications |
op_collection_id |
ftoceandocs |
language |
English |
topic |
Primary production Phytoplankton bloom |
spellingShingle |
Primary production Phytoplankton bloom Moreau, Sebastien Hattermann, Tore de Steur, Laura Kauko, Hanna M. Ahonen, Heidi Ardelan, Murat Assmy, Philipp Chierici, Melissa Descamps, Sebastien Dinter, Tilman Falkenhaug, Tone Fransson, Agneta Grønningsæter, Eirik Hallfredsson, Elvar H. Huhn, Oliver Lebrun, Anais Lowther, Andrew Lübcker, Nico Monteiro, Pedro Peeken, Ilka Roychoudhury, Alakendra Różańska, Magdalena Ryan-Keogh, Thomas Sanchez, Nicolas Singh, Asmita Simonsen, Jan Henrik Steiger, Nadine Thomalla, Sandy J. van Tonder, Andre Wiktor, Jozef M. Steen, Harald Wind-driven upwelling of iron sustains dense blooms and food webs in the eastern Weddell Gyre. |
topic_facet |
Primary production Phytoplankton bloom |
description |
The Southern Ocean is a major sink of anthropogenic CO2 and an important foraging area for top trophic level consumers. However, iron limitation sets an upper limit to primary productivity. Here we report on a considerably dense late summer phytoplankton bloom spanning 9000 km2 in the open ocean of the eastern Weddell Gyre. Over its 2.5 months duration, the bloom accumulated up to 20 g C m−2 of organic matter, which is unusually high for Southern Ocean open waters. We show that, over 1997–2019, this open ocean bloom was likely driven by anomalies in easterly winds that push sea ice southwards and favor the upwelling of Warm Deep Water enriched in hydrothermal iron and, possibly, other iron sources. This recurring open ocean bloom likely facilitates enhanced carbon export and sustains high standing stocks of Antarctic krill, supporting feeding hot spots for marine birds and baleen whales. Challenge 4. 9 Published Refereed |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Moreau, Sebastien Hattermann, Tore de Steur, Laura Kauko, Hanna M. Ahonen, Heidi Ardelan, Murat Assmy, Philipp Chierici, Melissa Descamps, Sebastien Dinter, Tilman Falkenhaug, Tone Fransson, Agneta Grønningsæter, Eirik Hallfredsson, Elvar H. Huhn, Oliver Lebrun, Anais Lowther, Andrew Lübcker, Nico Monteiro, Pedro Peeken, Ilka Roychoudhury, Alakendra Różańska, Magdalena Ryan-Keogh, Thomas Sanchez, Nicolas Singh, Asmita Simonsen, Jan Henrik Steiger, Nadine Thomalla, Sandy J. van Tonder, Andre Wiktor, Jozef M. Steen, Harald |
author_facet |
Moreau, Sebastien Hattermann, Tore de Steur, Laura Kauko, Hanna M. Ahonen, Heidi Ardelan, Murat Assmy, Philipp Chierici, Melissa Descamps, Sebastien Dinter, Tilman Falkenhaug, Tone Fransson, Agneta Grønningsæter, Eirik Hallfredsson, Elvar H. Huhn, Oliver Lebrun, Anais Lowther, Andrew Lübcker, Nico Monteiro, Pedro Peeken, Ilka Roychoudhury, Alakendra Różańska, Magdalena Ryan-Keogh, Thomas Sanchez, Nicolas Singh, Asmita Simonsen, Jan Henrik Steiger, Nadine Thomalla, Sandy J. van Tonder, Andre Wiktor, Jozef M. Steen, Harald |
author_sort |
Moreau, Sebastien |
title |
Wind-driven upwelling of iron sustains dense blooms and food webs in the eastern Weddell Gyre. |
title_short |
Wind-driven upwelling of iron sustains dense blooms and food webs in the eastern Weddell Gyre. |
title_full |
Wind-driven upwelling of iron sustains dense blooms and food webs in the eastern Weddell Gyre. |
title_fullStr |
Wind-driven upwelling of iron sustains dense blooms and food webs in the eastern Weddell Gyre. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Wind-driven upwelling of iron sustains dense blooms and food webs in the eastern Weddell Gyre. |
title_sort |
wind-driven upwelling of iron sustains dense blooms and food webs in the eastern weddell gyre. |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/42793 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36992-1 |
op_coverage |
Weddell Gyre Southern Ocean |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Weddell |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill baleen whales Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill baleen whales Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-36992-1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36992-1 http://hdl.handle.net/1834/42793 |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36992-1 |
container_title |
Nature Communications |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1780737592616026112 |