Rifting and recharge as triggers of the mixed basalt-rhyolite Halarauður ignimbrite eruption (Krafla, Iceland)
International audience We present a petrologic study of the ca. 110 ka Halarauður eruption (7 ± 6 km 3 magma), associated with collapse of Krafla caldera in northeast Iceland. Whole-rock compositions of juvenile Halarauður products span a continuous range between quartz tholeiite basalt (50.0 wt% Si...
Published in: | Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2022
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Online Access: | https://insu.hal.science/insu-03595129 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-021-01881-7 |
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ftobservparis:oai:HAL:insu-03595129v1 |
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Archive de l'Observatoire de Paris (HAL) |
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language |
English |
topic |
Krafla Icelandic volcanism Magma mixing Halarauður eruption Rifting [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Krafla Icelandic volcanism Magma mixing Halarauður eruption Rifting [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences Rooyakkers, Shane M. Stix, John Berlo, Kim Morgavi, Daniele Petrelli, Maurizio Rusiecka, Monika K. Barker, Simon J. Charlier, Bruce L. A. Neave, David A. Vetere, Francesco P. Perugini, Diego Rifting and recharge as triggers of the mixed basalt-rhyolite Halarauður ignimbrite eruption (Krafla, Iceland) |
topic_facet |
Krafla Icelandic volcanism Magma mixing Halarauður eruption Rifting [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
description |
International audience We present a petrologic study of the ca. 110 ka Halarauður eruption (7 ± 6 km 3 magma), associated with collapse of Krafla caldera in northeast Iceland. Whole-rock compositions of juvenile Halarauður products span a continuous range between quartz tholeiite basalt (50.0 wt% SiO 2 , 5.0 wt% MgO; Mg# 42) and rhyolite (74.6 wt% SiO 2 ). Linear correlations between all major elements are consistent with two-component mixing of sub-equal volumes of these end-member magmas, whereas correlations between trace elements are influenced by diffusive fractionation during chaotic mixing. Evolved compositions (andesite to rhyolite) and compositional heterogeneity are typical of early-erupted units, reflecting tapping of the upper, more silicic regions of a compositionally heterogeneous reservoir undergoing chaotic mixing. Later-erupted deposits are more compositionally homogeneous and grade smoothly upward from andesite to basalt, reflecting tapping of denser hybrid magma and uncontaminated basalt from lower in the chamber. All erupted products host < 1-2 modal% macro-crysts, implying storage at near-liquidus temperatures. Geobarometry and MELTS modeling suggest shallow storage pressures of ~ 200 MPa (~ 8 km depth) for the quartz tholeiite. Plagioclase (An 60-76 ) and augite (Mg# 68-75) macro-crysts crystallized from this basalt during shallow storage, while sparse glomerocrysts (plagioclase ± augite ± olivine ± orthopyroxene) in late-erupted basaltic material are derived from disaggregated cumulate mush and include more primitive compositions. Occasional narrow sodic rims on plagioclase crystals from the quartz tholeiite record short periods of re-equilibration with hybrid magmas during mixing, constrained by experimental growth rates as at most two months and possibly as short as tens of hours. A second population of calcic plagioclase (cores An 83-91 ) with adhering primitive basaltic glass selvages (Mg# 53-59) occurs sparsely in deposits of the first eruptive phase and is scarce or absent in ... |
author2 |
Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO) Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Magma - UMR7327 Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rooyakkers, Shane M. Stix, John Berlo, Kim Morgavi, Daniele Petrelli, Maurizio Rusiecka, Monika K. Barker, Simon J. Charlier, Bruce L. A. Neave, David A. Vetere, Francesco P. Perugini, Diego |
author_facet |
Rooyakkers, Shane M. Stix, John Berlo, Kim Morgavi, Daniele Petrelli, Maurizio Rusiecka, Monika K. Barker, Simon J. Charlier, Bruce L. A. Neave, David A. Vetere, Francesco P. Perugini, Diego |
author_sort |
Rooyakkers, Shane M. |
title |
Rifting and recharge as triggers of the mixed basalt-rhyolite Halarauður ignimbrite eruption (Krafla, Iceland) |
title_short |
Rifting and recharge as triggers of the mixed basalt-rhyolite Halarauður ignimbrite eruption (Krafla, Iceland) |
title_full |
Rifting and recharge as triggers of the mixed basalt-rhyolite Halarauður ignimbrite eruption (Krafla, Iceland) |
title_fullStr |
Rifting and recharge as triggers of the mixed basalt-rhyolite Halarauður ignimbrite eruption (Krafla, Iceland) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rifting and recharge as triggers of the mixed basalt-rhyolite Halarauður ignimbrite eruption (Krafla, Iceland) |
title_sort |
rifting and recharge as triggers of the mixed basalt-rhyolite halarauður ignimbrite eruption (krafla, iceland) |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-03595129 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-021-01881-7 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.747,-16.747,65.713,65.713) |
geographic |
Krafla |
geographic_facet |
Krafla |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
ISSN: 0010-7999 EISSN: 1432-0967 Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology https://insu.hal.science/insu-03595129 Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 2022, 177, pp.1556-1567. ⟨10.1007/s00410-021-01881-7⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00410-021-01881-7 insu-03595129 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03595129 BIBCODE: 2022CoMP.177.32R doi:10.1007/s00410-021-01881-7 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-021-01881-7 |
container_title |
Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology |
container_volume |
177 |
container_issue |
3 |
_version_ |
1809916446594039808 |
spelling |
ftobservparis:oai:HAL:insu-03595129v1 2024-09-09T19:46:58+00:00 Rifting and recharge as triggers of the mixed basalt-rhyolite Halarauður ignimbrite eruption (Krafla, Iceland) Rooyakkers, Shane M. Stix, John Berlo, Kim Morgavi, Daniele Petrelli, Maurizio Rusiecka, Monika K. Barker, Simon J. Charlier, Bruce L. A. Neave, David A. Vetere, Francesco P. Perugini, Diego Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO) Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Magma - UMR7327 Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) 2022 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03595129 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-021-01881-7 en eng HAL CCSD Springer Verlag info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00410-021-01881-7 insu-03595129 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03595129 BIBCODE: 2022CoMP.177.32R doi:10.1007/s00410-021-01881-7 ISSN: 0010-7999 EISSN: 1432-0967 Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology https://insu.hal.science/insu-03595129 Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 2022, 177, pp.1556-1567. ⟨10.1007/s00410-021-01881-7⟩ Krafla Icelandic volcanism Magma mixing Halarauður eruption Rifting [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2022 ftobservparis https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-021-01881-7 2024-06-25T00:01:25Z International audience We present a petrologic study of the ca. 110 ka Halarauður eruption (7 ± 6 km 3 magma), associated with collapse of Krafla caldera in northeast Iceland. Whole-rock compositions of juvenile Halarauður products span a continuous range between quartz tholeiite basalt (50.0 wt% SiO 2 , 5.0 wt% MgO; Mg# 42) and rhyolite (74.6 wt% SiO 2 ). Linear correlations between all major elements are consistent with two-component mixing of sub-equal volumes of these end-member magmas, whereas correlations between trace elements are influenced by diffusive fractionation during chaotic mixing. Evolved compositions (andesite to rhyolite) and compositional heterogeneity are typical of early-erupted units, reflecting tapping of the upper, more silicic regions of a compositionally heterogeneous reservoir undergoing chaotic mixing. Later-erupted deposits are more compositionally homogeneous and grade smoothly upward from andesite to basalt, reflecting tapping of denser hybrid magma and uncontaminated basalt from lower in the chamber. All erupted products host < 1-2 modal% macro-crysts, implying storage at near-liquidus temperatures. Geobarometry and MELTS modeling suggest shallow storage pressures of ~ 200 MPa (~ 8 km depth) for the quartz tholeiite. Plagioclase (An 60-76 ) and augite (Mg# 68-75) macro-crysts crystallized from this basalt during shallow storage, while sparse glomerocrysts (plagioclase ± augite ± olivine ± orthopyroxene) in late-erupted basaltic material are derived from disaggregated cumulate mush and include more primitive compositions. Occasional narrow sodic rims on plagioclase crystals from the quartz tholeiite record short periods of re-equilibration with hybrid magmas during mixing, constrained by experimental growth rates as at most two months and possibly as short as tens of hours. A second population of calcic plagioclase (cores An 83-91 ) with adhering primitive basaltic glass selvages (Mg# 53-59) occurs sparsely in deposits of the first eruptive phase and is scarce or absent in ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Archive de l'Observatoire de Paris (HAL) Krafla ENVELOPE(-16.747,-16.747,65.713,65.713) Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 177 3 |