Impacts of three types of solar geoengineering on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Climate models simulate lower rates of North Atlantic heat transport under greenhouse gas climates than at present due to a reduction in the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Solar geoengineering whereby surface temperatures are cooled by reduction of incoming short...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3047457 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4581-2022 |
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ftntnutrondheimi:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/3047457 2023-05-15T15:06:27+02:00 Impacts of three types of solar geoengineering on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Xie, Mengdie Moore, John C. Zhao, Liyun Wolovick, Michael Muri, Helene 2022 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3047457 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4581-2022 eng eng European Geosciences Union Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP). 2022, 22 (7), 4581-4597. urn:issn:1680-7316 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3047457 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4581-2022 cristin:2030462 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no CC-BY 4581-4597 22 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) 7 Peer reviewed Journal article 2022 ftntnutrondheimi https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4581-2022 2023-02-01T23:43:23Z Climate models simulate lower rates of North Atlantic heat transport under greenhouse gas climates than at present due to a reduction in the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Solar geoengineering whereby surface temperatures are cooled by reduction of incoming shortwave radiation may be expected to ameliorate this effect. We investigate this using six Earth system models running scenarios from GeoMIP (Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project) in the cases of (i) reduction in the solar constant, mimicking dimming of the sun; (ii) sulfate aerosol injection into the lower equatorial stratosphere; and (iii) brightening of the ocean regions, mimicking enhancing tropospheric cloud amounts. We find that despite across-model differences, AMOC decreases are attributable to reduced air–ocean temperature differences and reduced September Arctic sea ice extent, with no significant impact from changing surface winds or precipitation − evaporation. Reversing the surface freshening of the North Atlantic overturning regions caused by decreased summer sea ice sea helps to promote AMOC. When comparing the geoengineering types after normalizing them for the differences in top-of-atmosphere radiative forcing, we find that solar dimming is more effective than either marine cloud brightening or stratospheric aerosol injection. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic North Atlantic Sea ice NTNU Open Archive (Norwegian University of Science and Technology) Arctic Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22 7 4581 4597 |
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Open Polar |
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NTNU Open Archive (Norwegian University of Science and Technology) |
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ftntnutrondheimi |
language |
English |
description |
Climate models simulate lower rates of North Atlantic heat transport under greenhouse gas climates than at present due to a reduction in the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Solar geoengineering whereby surface temperatures are cooled by reduction of incoming shortwave radiation may be expected to ameliorate this effect. We investigate this using six Earth system models running scenarios from GeoMIP (Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project) in the cases of (i) reduction in the solar constant, mimicking dimming of the sun; (ii) sulfate aerosol injection into the lower equatorial stratosphere; and (iii) brightening of the ocean regions, mimicking enhancing tropospheric cloud amounts. We find that despite across-model differences, AMOC decreases are attributable to reduced air–ocean temperature differences and reduced September Arctic sea ice extent, with no significant impact from changing surface winds or precipitation − evaporation. Reversing the surface freshening of the North Atlantic overturning regions caused by decreased summer sea ice sea helps to promote AMOC. When comparing the geoengineering types after normalizing them for the differences in top-of-atmosphere radiative forcing, we find that solar dimming is more effective than either marine cloud brightening or stratospheric aerosol injection. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Xie, Mengdie Moore, John C. Zhao, Liyun Wolovick, Michael Muri, Helene |
spellingShingle |
Xie, Mengdie Moore, John C. Zhao, Liyun Wolovick, Michael Muri, Helene Impacts of three types of solar geoengineering on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation |
author_facet |
Xie, Mengdie Moore, John C. Zhao, Liyun Wolovick, Michael Muri, Helene |
author_sort |
Xie, Mengdie |
title |
Impacts of three types of solar geoengineering on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation |
title_short |
Impacts of three types of solar geoengineering on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation |
title_full |
Impacts of three types of solar geoengineering on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation |
title_fullStr |
Impacts of three types of solar geoengineering on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impacts of three types of solar geoengineering on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation |
title_sort |
impacts of three types of solar geoengineering on the atlantic meridional overturning circulation |
publisher |
European Geosciences Union |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3047457 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4581-2022 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic North Atlantic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic North Atlantic Sea ice |
op_source |
4581-4597 22 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) 7 |
op_relation |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP). 2022, 22 (7), 4581-4597. urn:issn:1680-7316 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3047457 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4581-2022 cristin:2030462 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4581-2022 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
22 |
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7 |
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4581 |
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4597 |
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1766338055987265536 |