Evaluation of the basis for rock support design for poor rock mass conditions in Norway - A case study from the construction of the New Skarvberg Tunnel characterized by hard rock subjected to unfavorable jointing

Følgende studie har til hensikt å evaluere egnetheten av dagens sikringsanbefalinger for vegtunneler i Norge fra tabellverk i dårlige bergmasseforhold. Dette er undersøkt gjennom et detaljert case-studie av den nye Skarvbergtunnelen, lokalisert i Finnmark. Analysene og diskusjonen i oppgaven er delt...

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Main Authors: Bøgeberg, Guro Einan, Skretting, Erlend
Other Authors: Holter, Karl Gunnar
Format: Master Thesis
Language:English
Published: NTNU 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2786745
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description Følgende studie har til hensikt å evaluere egnetheten av dagens sikringsanbefalinger for vegtunneler i Norge fra tabellverk i dårlige bergmasseforhold. Dette er undersøkt gjennom et detaljert case-studie av den nye Skarvbergtunnelen, lokalisert i Finnmark. Analysene og diskusjonen i oppgaven er delt i to nivåer: (i) en spesifikk vurdering for den nye Skarvbergtunnelen med fokus på en generell ingeniørgeologisk evaluering av bergmasseforholdene, samt en vurdering basert på Q-systemet og Statens Vegvesens (SVV) sikringsklasser, (ii) en overordnet vurdering hvor funnene fra prosjektet belyses i en større sammenheng for å undersøke begrensningene dagens tabellverk har i dårlig bergmasseforhold. Datagrunnlaget inkluderer detaljerte feltundersøkelser, laboratorieundersøkelser, digital kartlegging og numeriske analyser. Dette omfatter henholdsvis geologisk kartlegging, bergspenningsmålinger og ekstensometermålinger, bergmekaniske tester, laserscanning og digital bestemmelse av utvalgte Q-parametere, samt 2D- og 3D-numerisk modellering. Bergmassen i den nye Skarvbergtunnelen er karakterisert som hardt berg med ugunstig oppsprekking. Stabilitetsutfordringene er vurdert til hovedsakelig å være forårsaket av en gjennomsettende, subhorisontal lagdeling som resulterer i flatt heng. I tillegg påvirkes stabiliteten av variasjon i spenningskonfigurasjonen i vertikal retning. Det er tydelig at Q-systemet ikke alltid fanger opp bergmasseforholdene og sikringsbehovet godt nok, noe som fører til avvik mellom SVVs sikringsanbefalinger og utført sikring i tunnelen. Fra dette kan det i den endelige bestemmelsen av bergsikring være relevant å også inkludere en geomekanisk og geometrisk analyse av bergmassen. Digital kartlegging av tre salver i den nye Skarvbergtunnelen for Q-parameterne Jn, Jr og RQD har blitt gjennomført med hensikt å undersøke fremtidsmulighetene for digital kartlegging i tunnelindustrien, samt å fremheve den menneskelige faktoren i bestemmelsen av Q-parametere. Resultatene viser godt samsvar mellom digital og manuell kartlagt Jn og Jr, mens den digital RQD analysen gir urealistisk høye RQD verdier. Den utførte digitale kartleggingen er vurdert til å være for tidkrevende til at den kan implementeres i dagens beslutningsgrunnlag for bestemmelse av bergsikring i vegtunneler i Norge. Funnene i studien tilsier at grensen mellom hvor forsterkende og lastbærende sikring kreves kan være vanskelig å bestemme. Det foreslås følgende anbefalinger til dagens retningslinjer fra SVV: (i) en mer gradvis overgang i anbefalingen mellom forsterkende og lastbærende sikring, eventuelt implementering av sikringselement som ligger mellom bolter/sprøytebetong og sprøytebetongbuer, og (ii) spesifisering av når forbolter skal festes med sprøytebetongbuer, eller med bergbånd og bolter. This thesis’s main research objective is to evaluate whether the current rock support recommendations for road tunnels in Norway are adequate for poor rock mass conditions. This is assessed through a detailed case study of the New Skarvberg Tunnel, located in Northern Norway. The analyses and discussion in the thesis are divided into two levels: (i) a specific assessment of the New Skarvberg Tunnel, focusing on a general engineering geological assessment of the rock mass conditions, and an evaluation based on the Q-system and the support classes from the Norwegian Public Road Administration (NPRA), (ii) a general consideration where the main findings from the case study are put in a general context to examine the limitations of the current rock support recommendations in poor rock mass conditions. The obtained database contains detailed field investigations, laboratory investigations, digital mapping, and numerical analyses. This includes geological mapping at the tunnel face, in-situ rock stress measurements and extensometer monitoring, rock mechanical tests, laser scanning and digital determination of selected Q-parameters, as well as 2D and 3D numerical modeling. The rock mass in the New Skarvberg Tunnel is characterized as hard rock subjected to unfavorable jointing. The stability challenges are considered to be caused by persistent discontinuities with sub-horizontal orientation, resulting in a flat crown. Furthermore, the stability is affected by differences in the stress configuration in the vertical direction. From the case study, it is evident that the Q-system is insufficient in describing all features of the rock mass that influence on the rock mass’ need for rock support. This results in deviations between NPRA’s support recommendations, and the performed rock support. From this, it is believed that it can be relevant to also include a geomechanical and geometric analysis in the final decision of rock support. Digital mapping of three excavation rounds in the New Skarvberg Tunnel on the Q-parameters Jn, Jr, and RQD has been conducted to portray the opportunities and future for digital mapping related to tunneling and to highlight the aspect of cognitive biases in the decision of Q-parameters. The results show that the digital mapped Jn and Jr are in relatively good conformity with the results from the manual mapping, while the digital RQD-analysis gives unrealistically high RQD-values. The performed digital mapping is evaluated to be too time-consuming regarding implementation in the current basis for determining rock support design for road tunnels in Norway. The findings in the study imply that the transition between where reinforcement or load-bearing support elements are required is difficult to determine. The following suggestions are proposed to NPRA’s current rock support recommendation: (i) a smoother transition between reinforcement and load-bearing support in the recommendations, possibly resulting in an implementation of a support element in between bolts/shotcrete and reinforced ribs of sprayed concrete (RRS), and (ii) specifying when spiling should be anchored with the use of RRS or with the use of steel straps and radial bolts.
author2 Holter, Karl Gunnar
format Master Thesis
author Bøgeberg, Guro Einan
Skretting, Erlend
spellingShingle Bøgeberg, Guro Einan
Skretting, Erlend
Evaluation of the basis for rock support design for poor rock mass conditions in Norway - A case study from the construction of the New Skarvberg Tunnel characterized by hard rock subjected to unfavorable jointing
author_facet Bøgeberg, Guro Einan
Skretting, Erlend
author_sort Bøgeberg, Guro Einan
title Evaluation of the basis for rock support design for poor rock mass conditions in Norway - A case study from the construction of the New Skarvberg Tunnel characterized by hard rock subjected to unfavorable jointing
title_short Evaluation of the basis for rock support design for poor rock mass conditions in Norway - A case study from the construction of the New Skarvberg Tunnel characterized by hard rock subjected to unfavorable jointing
title_full Evaluation of the basis for rock support design for poor rock mass conditions in Norway - A case study from the construction of the New Skarvberg Tunnel characterized by hard rock subjected to unfavorable jointing
title_fullStr Evaluation of the basis for rock support design for poor rock mass conditions in Norway - A case study from the construction of the New Skarvberg Tunnel characterized by hard rock subjected to unfavorable jointing
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of the basis for rock support design for poor rock mass conditions in Norway - A case study from the construction of the New Skarvberg Tunnel characterized by hard rock subjected to unfavorable jointing
title_sort evaluation of the basis for rock support design for poor rock mass conditions in norway - a case study from the construction of the new skarvberg tunnel characterized by hard rock subjected to unfavorable jointing
publisher NTNU
publishDate 2021
url https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2786745
long_lat ENVELOPE(13.617,13.617,66.951,66.951)
ENVELOPE(-60.883,-60.883,-66.033,-66.033)
geographic Grensen
Norway
Verdier
geographic_facet Grensen
Norway
Verdier
genre Finnmark
Northern Norway
Finnmark
genre_facet Finnmark
Northern Norway
Finnmark
op_relation no.ntnu:inspera:85046198:20917360
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2786745
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spelling ftntnutrondheimi:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2786745 2023-05-15T16:13:48+02:00 Evaluation of the basis for rock support design for poor rock mass conditions in Norway - A case study from the construction of the New Skarvberg Tunnel characterized by hard rock subjected to unfavorable jointing Bøgeberg, Guro Einan Skretting, Erlend Holter, Karl Gunnar 2021 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2786745 eng eng NTNU no.ntnu:inspera:85046198:20917360 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2786745 Master thesis 2021 ftntnutrondheimi 2021-10-06T22:35:56Z Følgende studie har til hensikt å evaluere egnetheten av dagens sikringsanbefalinger for vegtunneler i Norge fra tabellverk i dårlige bergmasseforhold. Dette er undersøkt gjennom et detaljert case-studie av den nye Skarvbergtunnelen, lokalisert i Finnmark. Analysene og diskusjonen i oppgaven er delt i to nivåer: (i) en spesifikk vurdering for den nye Skarvbergtunnelen med fokus på en generell ingeniørgeologisk evaluering av bergmasseforholdene, samt en vurdering basert på Q-systemet og Statens Vegvesens (SVV) sikringsklasser, (ii) en overordnet vurdering hvor funnene fra prosjektet belyses i en større sammenheng for å undersøke begrensningene dagens tabellverk har i dårlig bergmasseforhold. Datagrunnlaget inkluderer detaljerte feltundersøkelser, laboratorieundersøkelser, digital kartlegging og numeriske analyser. Dette omfatter henholdsvis geologisk kartlegging, bergspenningsmålinger og ekstensometermålinger, bergmekaniske tester, laserscanning og digital bestemmelse av utvalgte Q-parametere, samt 2D- og 3D-numerisk modellering. Bergmassen i den nye Skarvbergtunnelen er karakterisert som hardt berg med ugunstig oppsprekking. Stabilitetsutfordringene er vurdert til hovedsakelig å være forårsaket av en gjennomsettende, subhorisontal lagdeling som resulterer i flatt heng. I tillegg påvirkes stabiliteten av variasjon i spenningskonfigurasjonen i vertikal retning. Det er tydelig at Q-systemet ikke alltid fanger opp bergmasseforholdene og sikringsbehovet godt nok, noe som fører til avvik mellom SVVs sikringsanbefalinger og utført sikring i tunnelen. Fra dette kan det i den endelige bestemmelsen av bergsikring være relevant å også inkludere en geomekanisk og geometrisk analyse av bergmassen. Digital kartlegging av tre salver i den nye Skarvbergtunnelen for Q-parameterne Jn, Jr og RQD har blitt gjennomført med hensikt å undersøke fremtidsmulighetene for digital kartlegging i tunnelindustrien, samt å fremheve den menneskelige faktoren i bestemmelsen av Q-parametere. Resultatene viser godt samsvar mellom digital og manuell kartlagt Jn og Jr, mens den digital RQD analysen gir urealistisk høye RQD verdier. Den utførte digitale kartleggingen er vurdert til å være for tidkrevende til at den kan implementeres i dagens beslutningsgrunnlag for bestemmelse av bergsikring i vegtunneler i Norge. Funnene i studien tilsier at grensen mellom hvor forsterkende og lastbærende sikring kreves kan være vanskelig å bestemme. Det foreslås følgende anbefalinger til dagens retningslinjer fra SVV: (i) en mer gradvis overgang i anbefalingen mellom forsterkende og lastbærende sikring, eventuelt implementering av sikringselement som ligger mellom bolter/sprøytebetong og sprøytebetongbuer, og (ii) spesifisering av når forbolter skal festes med sprøytebetongbuer, eller med bergbånd og bolter. This thesis’s main research objective is to evaluate whether the current rock support recommendations for road tunnels in Norway are adequate for poor rock mass conditions. This is assessed through a detailed case study of the New Skarvberg Tunnel, located in Northern Norway. The analyses and discussion in the thesis are divided into two levels: (i) a specific assessment of the New Skarvberg Tunnel, focusing on a general engineering geological assessment of the rock mass conditions, and an evaluation based on the Q-system and the support classes from the Norwegian Public Road Administration (NPRA), (ii) a general consideration where the main findings from the case study are put in a general context to examine the limitations of the current rock support recommendations in poor rock mass conditions. The obtained database contains detailed field investigations, laboratory investigations, digital mapping, and numerical analyses. This includes geological mapping at the tunnel face, in-situ rock stress measurements and extensometer monitoring, rock mechanical tests, laser scanning and digital determination of selected Q-parameters, as well as 2D and 3D numerical modeling. The rock mass in the New Skarvberg Tunnel is characterized as hard rock subjected to unfavorable jointing. The stability challenges are considered to be caused by persistent discontinuities with sub-horizontal orientation, resulting in a flat crown. Furthermore, the stability is affected by differences in the stress configuration in the vertical direction. From the case study, it is evident that the Q-system is insufficient in describing all features of the rock mass that influence on the rock mass’ need for rock support. This results in deviations between NPRA’s support recommendations, and the performed rock support. From this, it is believed that it can be relevant to also include a geomechanical and geometric analysis in the final decision of rock support. Digital mapping of three excavation rounds in the New Skarvberg Tunnel on the Q-parameters Jn, Jr, and RQD has been conducted to portray the opportunities and future for digital mapping related to tunneling and to highlight the aspect of cognitive biases in the decision of Q-parameters. The results show that the digital mapped Jn and Jr are in relatively good conformity with the results from the manual mapping, while the digital RQD-analysis gives unrealistically high RQD-values. The performed digital mapping is evaluated to be too time-consuming regarding implementation in the current basis for determining rock support design for road tunnels in Norway. The findings in the study imply that the transition between where reinforcement or load-bearing support elements are required is difficult to determine. The following suggestions are proposed to NPRA’s current rock support recommendation: (i) a smoother transition between reinforcement and load-bearing support in the recommendations, possibly resulting in an implementation of a support element in between bolts/shotcrete and reinforced ribs of sprayed concrete (RRS), and (ii) specifying when spiling should be anchored with the use of RRS or with the use of steel straps and radial bolts. Master Thesis Finnmark Northern Norway Finnmark NTNU Open Archive (Norwegian University of Science and Technology) Grensen ENVELOPE(13.617,13.617,66.951,66.951) Norway Verdier ENVELOPE(-60.883,-60.883,-66.033,-66.033)