Eat or sleep: Availability of winter prey explains mid-winter and spring activity in an Arctic Calanus population
Copepods of the genus Calanus have adapted to high levels of seasonality in prey availability by entering a period of hibernation during winter known as diapause, but repeated observations of active Calanus spp. have been made in January in high latitude fjords which suggests plasticity in over-wint...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2729797 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.541564 |
id |
ftntnutrondheimi:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2729797 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftntnutrondheimi:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2729797 2023-05-15T15:03:41+02:00 Eat or sleep: Availability of winter prey explains mid-winter and spring activity in an Arctic Calanus population Hobbs, Laura Banas, Neil S. Cottier, Finlo Robert Berge, Jørgen Daase, Malin 2020 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2729797 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.541564 eng eng Frontiers Frontiers in Marine Science. 2020, 7 . urn:issn:2296-7745 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2729797 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.541564 cristin:1882653 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no CC-BY 14 7 Frontiers in Marine Science Peer reviewed Journal article 2020 ftntnutrondheimi https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.541564 2021-02-24T23:34:37Z Copepods of the genus Calanus have adapted to high levels of seasonality in prey availability by entering a period of hibernation during winter known as diapause, but repeated observations of active Calanus spp. have been made in January in high latitude fjords which suggests plasticity in over-wintering strategies. During the last decade, the period of Polar Night has been studied intensively in the Arctic. A continuous presence of an active microbial food web suggests the prevalence of low-level alternative copepod prey (such as microzooplankton) throughout this period of darkness. Here we provide further evidence of mid-winter zooplankton activity using a decadal record of moored acoustics from Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. We apply an individual based life-history model to investigate the fitness consequences of a range of over-wintering strategies (in terms of diapause timing and duration) under a variety of prey availability scenarios. In scenarios of no winter prey availability (Pwin=0μgCL−1), the optimal time to exit diapause is in March. However, as Pwin increases (up to 40μgCL−1), there is little fitness difference in copepods exiting diapause in January compared to March. From this, we suggest that Calanus are able (in energetic terms) to either i) exit diapause early to deal with uncertainty in spring bloom timing, or ii) remain active throughout winter if diapause is not possible (i.e., environment not deep enough, or not enough lipid reserves built up over the previous summer). The range of viable overwintering strategies increases with increasing Pwin, suggesting that there is more flexibility for Calanus spp. in a scenario of non-zero Pwin. publishedVersion Copyright © 2020 Hobbs, Banas, Cottier, Berge and Daase. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden polar night Svalbard Zooplankton Copepods NTNU Open Archive (Norwegian University of Science and Technology) Arctic Hobbs ENVELOPE(-57.500,-57.500,-64.300,-64.300) Svalbard Frontiers in Marine Science 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
NTNU Open Archive (Norwegian University of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftntnutrondheimi |
language |
English |
description |
Copepods of the genus Calanus have adapted to high levels of seasonality in prey availability by entering a period of hibernation during winter known as diapause, but repeated observations of active Calanus spp. have been made in January in high latitude fjords which suggests plasticity in over-wintering strategies. During the last decade, the period of Polar Night has been studied intensively in the Arctic. A continuous presence of an active microbial food web suggests the prevalence of low-level alternative copepod prey (such as microzooplankton) throughout this period of darkness. Here we provide further evidence of mid-winter zooplankton activity using a decadal record of moored acoustics from Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. We apply an individual based life-history model to investigate the fitness consequences of a range of over-wintering strategies (in terms of diapause timing and duration) under a variety of prey availability scenarios. In scenarios of no winter prey availability (Pwin=0μgCL−1), the optimal time to exit diapause is in March. However, as Pwin increases (up to 40μgCL−1), there is little fitness difference in copepods exiting diapause in January compared to March. From this, we suggest that Calanus are able (in energetic terms) to either i) exit diapause early to deal with uncertainty in spring bloom timing, or ii) remain active throughout winter if diapause is not possible (i.e., environment not deep enough, or not enough lipid reserves built up over the previous summer). The range of viable overwintering strategies increases with increasing Pwin, suggesting that there is more flexibility for Calanus spp. in a scenario of non-zero Pwin. publishedVersion Copyright © 2020 Hobbs, Banas, Cottier, Berge and Daase. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hobbs, Laura Banas, Neil S. Cottier, Finlo Robert Berge, Jørgen Daase, Malin |
spellingShingle |
Hobbs, Laura Banas, Neil S. Cottier, Finlo Robert Berge, Jørgen Daase, Malin Eat or sleep: Availability of winter prey explains mid-winter and spring activity in an Arctic Calanus population |
author_facet |
Hobbs, Laura Banas, Neil S. Cottier, Finlo Robert Berge, Jørgen Daase, Malin |
author_sort |
Hobbs, Laura |
title |
Eat or sleep: Availability of winter prey explains mid-winter and spring activity in an Arctic Calanus population |
title_short |
Eat or sleep: Availability of winter prey explains mid-winter and spring activity in an Arctic Calanus population |
title_full |
Eat or sleep: Availability of winter prey explains mid-winter and spring activity in an Arctic Calanus population |
title_fullStr |
Eat or sleep: Availability of winter prey explains mid-winter and spring activity in an Arctic Calanus population |
title_full_unstemmed |
Eat or sleep: Availability of winter prey explains mid-winter and spring activity in an Arctic Calanus population |
title_sort |
eat or sleep: availability of winter prey explains mid-winter and spring activity in an arctic calanus population |
publisher |
Frontiers |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2729797 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.541564 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-57.500,-57.500,-64.300,-64.300) |
geographic |
Arctic Hobbs Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Hobbs Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden polar night Svalbard Zooplankton Copepods |
genre_facet |
Arctic Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden polar night Svalbard Zooplankton Copepods |
op_source |
14 7 Frontiers in Marine Science |
op_relation |
Frontiers in Marine Science. 2020, 7 . urn:issn:2296-7745 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2729797 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.541564 cristin:1882653 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.541564 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
7 |
_version_ |
1766335539744604160 |