Aquaculture-driven evolution: distribution of pyrethroid resistance in the salmon louse throughout the North Atlantic in the years 2000–2017
The parasitic salmon louse, and its documented resistance to chemotherapeutants, represents the most persistent environmental challenge to global salmonid aquaculture. We used a genetic marker associated with pyrethroid resistance to analyse ∼15 000 lice collected from the North Atlantic in the peri...
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Oxford University Press
2020
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2729539 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa062 |
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ftntnutrondheimi:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2729539 2023-05-15T15:32:41+02:00 Aquaculture-driven evolution: distribution of pyrethroid resistance in the salmon louse throughout the North Atlantic in the years 2000–2017 Fjørtoft, Helene Børretzen Nilsen, Frank Besnier, Francois Espedal, Per Gunnar Stene, Anne Tveten, Ann-Kristin Bjørn, Pål Arne Aspehaug, Vidar Glover, Kevin 2020 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2729539 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa062 eng eng Oxford University Press Norges forskningsråd: 203513 ICES Journal of Marine Science. 2020, 77 (5), 1806-1815. urn:issn:1054-3139 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2729539 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa062 cristin:1873214 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no CC-BY 1806-1815 77 ICES Journal of Marine Science 5 Peer reviewed Journal article 2020 ftntnutrondheimi https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa062 2021-02-24T23:34:37Z The parasitic salmon louse, and its documented resistance to chemotherapeutants, represents the most persistent environmental challenge to global salmonid aquaculture. We used a genetic marker associated with pyrethroid resistance to analyse ∼15 000 lice collected from the North Atlantic in the period 2000–2017. The genotype associated with resistance was not detected in lice collected from throughout the North Atlantic in the year 2000 or 2002. However, by the year 2009 onwards, it was found in lice from fish farms throughout much of the North Atlantic. It was also found in modest frequencies in lice collected from wild Atlantic salmon captured off Greenland. The most recent samples displayed very high frequencies of the genotype associated with resistance, particularly in intensive aquaculture regions of Norway (>90%) and Scotland (>70%). These results closely align with observations from the field. We suggest that pyrethroid resistance first emerged in Europe just before or around the year 2000 and was thereafter dispersed throughout much of the North Atlantic where its increased frequency was driven by extensive pyrethroid use. Although the resistant genotype was not detected in lice from Canada, it is likely to occur in very low frequencies that would quickly increase if pyrethroids were to be used in that region. publishedVersion VC International Council for the Exploration of the Sea 2020. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Greenland North Atlantic NTNU Open Archive (Norwegian University of Science and Technology) Canada Greenland Norway ICES Journal of Marine Science 77 5 1806 1815 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
NTNU Open Archive (Norwegian University of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftntnutrondheimi |
language |
English |
description |
The parasitic salmon louse, and its documented resistance to chemotherapeutants, represents the most persistent environmental challenge to global salmonid aquaculture. We used a genetic marker associated with pyrethroid resistance to analyse ∼15 000 lice collected from the North Atlantic in the period 2000–2017. The genotype associated with resistance was not detected in lice collected from throughout the North Atlantic in the year 2000 or 2002. However, by the year 2009 onwards, it was found in lice from fish farms throughout much of the North Atlantic. It was also found in modest frequencies in lice collected from wild Atlantic salmon captured off Greenland. The most recent samples displayed very high frequencies of the genotype associated with resistance, particularly in intensive aquaculture regions of Norway (>90%) and Scotland (>70%). These results closely align with observations from the field. We suggest that pyrethroid resistance first emerged in Europe just before or around the year 2000 and was thereafter dispersed throughout much of the North Atlantic where its increased frequency was driven by extensive pyrethroid use. Although the resistant genotype was not detected in lice from Canada, it is likely to occur in very low frequencies that would quickly increase if pyrethroids were to be used in that region. publishedVersion VC International Council for the Exploration of the Sea 2020. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fjørtoft, Helene Børretzen Nilsen, Frank Besnier, Francois Espedal, Per Gunnar Stene, Anne Tveten, Ann-Kristin Bjørn, Pål Arne Aspehaug, Vidar Glover, Kevin |
spellingShingle |
Fjørtoft, Helene Børretzen Nilsen, Frank Besnier, Francois Espedal, Per Gunnar Stene, Anne Tveten, Ann-Kristin Bjørn, Pål Arne Aspehaug, Vidar Glover, Kevin Aquaculture-driven evolution: distribution of pyrethroid resistance in the salmon louse throughout the North Atlantic in the years 2000–2017 |
author_facet |
Fjørtoft, Helene Børretzen Nilsen, Frank Besnier, Francois Espedal, Per Gunnar Stene, Anne Tveten, Ann-Kristin Bjørn, Pål Arne Aspehaug, Vidar Glover, Kevin |
author_sort |
Fjørtoft, Helene Børretzen |
title |
Aquaculture-driven evolution: distribution of pyrethroid resistance in the salmon louse throughout the North Atlantic in the years 2000–2017 |
title_short |
Aquaculture-driven evolution: distribution of pyrethroid resistance in the salmon louse throughout the North Atlantic in the years 2000–2017 |
title_full |
Aquaculture-driven evolution: distribution of pyrethroid resistance in the salmon louse throughout the North Atlantic in the years 2000–2017 |
title_fullStr |
Aquaculture-driven evolution: distribution of pyrethroid resistance in the salmon louse throughout the North Atlantic in the years 2000–2017 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aquaculture-driven evolution: distribution of pyrethroid resistance in the salmon louse throughout the North Atlantic in the years 2000–2017 |
title_sort |
aquaculture-driven evolution: distribution of pyrethroid resistance in the salmon louse throughout the north atlantic in the years 2000–2017 |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2729539 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa062 |
geographic |
Canada Greenland Norway |
geographic_facet |
Canada Greenland Norway |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Greenland North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Greenland North Atlantic |
op_source |
1806-1815 77 ICES Journal of Marine Science 5 |
op_relation |
Norges forskningsråd: 203513 ICES Journal of Marine Science. 2020, 77 (5), 1806-1815. urn:issn:1054-3139 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2729539 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa062 cristin:1873214 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa062 |
container_title |
ICES Journal of Marine Science |
container_volume |
77 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
1806 |
op_container_end_page |
1815 |
_version_ |
1766363182769635328 |