Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context- dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring?
Escaped farmed Atlantic salmon interbreed with wild Atlantic salmon, leaving off- spring that often have lower success in nature than pure wild salmon. On top of this, presence of farmed salmon descendants can impair production of wild‐type recruits. We hypothesize that both these effects connect wi...
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ftntnutrondheimi:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2590540 2023-05-15T15:31:38+02:00 Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context- dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? Robertsen, Grethe Reid, Donald Einum, Sigurd Aronsen, Tonje Fleming, Ian A. Sundt-Hansen, Line Elisabeth Breivik Karlsson, Sten Kvingedal, Eli Ugedal, Ola Hindar, Kjetil 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2590540 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4716 eng eng Wiley Open Access Norges forskningsråd: 16105 Egen institusjon: NINA Strategic Institute Initiative Miljødirektoratet: 2014/527 Andre: QuantEscape Ecology and Evolution. 2018, 2018 1-11. urn:issn:2045-7758 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2590540 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4716 cristin:1659944 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no CC-BY 1-11 2018 Ecology and Evolution VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 Journal article Peer reviewed 2018 ftntnutrondheimi https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4716 2019-09-17T06:54:55Z Escaped farmed Atlantic salmon interbreed with wild Atlantic salmon, leaving off- spring that often have lower success in nature than pure wild salmon. On top of this, presence of farmed salmon descendants can impair production of wild‐type recruits. We hypothesize that both these effects connect with farmed salmon having acquired higher standard metabolic rates (SMR, the energetic cost of self‐maintenance) during domestication. Fitness‐related advantages of phenotypic traits associated with both high SMR and farmed salmon (e.g., social dominance) depend on environmental con- ditions, such as food availability. We hypothesize that farmed offspring have an ad- vantage at high food availability due to, for example, dominance behavior but suffer increased risks of starvation when food is scarce because this behavior is energy‐de- manding. To test these hypotheses, we first compare embryo SMR of pure farmed, farmed‐wild hybrids and pure wild offspring. Next, we test early‐life performance (in terms of survival and growth) of hybrids relative to that of their wild half‐siblings, as well as their competitive abilities, in semi‐natural conditions of high and low food availability. Finally, we test how SMR affects early‐life performance at high and low food availability. We find inconclusive support for the hypothesis that domestication has induced increased SMR. Further, wild and hybrid juveniles had similar survival and growth in the semi‐natural streams. Yet, the presence of hybrids led to decreased survival of their wild half‐siblings. Contrary to our hypothesis about context‐depend- ency, these effects were not modified by food availability. However, wild juveniles with high SMR had decreased survival when food was scarce, but there was no such effect at high food availability. This study provides further proof that farmed salmon introgression may compromise the viability of wild salmon populations. We cannot, however, conclude that this is connected to alterations in the metabolic phenotype of farmed salmon. domestication, natural selection, RMR, Salmo salar, semi‐natural, SMR publishedVersion This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2018 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar NTNU Open Archive (Norwegian University of Science and Technology) Ecology and Evolution 9 1 212 222 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
NTNU Open Archive (Norwegian University of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftntnutrondheimi |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 Robertsen, Grethe Reid, Donald Einum, Sigurd Aronsen, Tonje Fleming, Ian A. Sundt-Hansen, Line Elisabeth Breivik Karlsson, Sten Kvingedal, Eli Ugedal, Ola Hindar, Kjetil Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context- dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? |
topic_facet |
VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 |
description |
Escaped farmed Atlantic salmon interbreed with wild Atlantic salmon, leaving off- spring that often have lower success in nature than pure wild salmon. On top of this, presence of farmed salmon descendants can impair production of wild‐type recruits. We hypothesize that both these effects connect with farmed salmon having acquired higher standard metabolic rates (SMR, the energetic cost of self‐maintenance) during domestication. Fitness‐related advantages of phenotypic traits associated with both high SMR and farmed salmon (e.g., social dominance) depend on environmental con- ditions, such as food availability. We hypothesize that farmed offspring have an ad- vantage at high food availability due to, for example, dominance behavior but suffer increased risks of starvation when food is scarce because this behavior is energy‐de- manding. To test these hypotheses, we first compare embryo SMR of pure farmed, farmed‐wild hybrids and pure wild offspring. Next, we test early‐life performance (in terms of survival and growth) of hybrids relative to that of their wild half‐siblings, as well as their competitive abilities, in semi‐natural conditions of high and low food availability. Finally, we test how SMR affects early‐life performance at high and low food availability. We find inconclusive support for the hypothesis that domestication has induced increased SMR. Further, wild and hybrid juveniles had similar survival and growth in the semi‐natural streams. Yet, the presence of hybrids led to decreased survival of their wild half‐siblings. Contrary to our hypothesis about context‐depend- ency, these effects were not modified by food availability. However, wild juveniles with high SMR had decreased survival when food was scarce, but there was no such effect at high food availability. This study provides further proof that farmed salmon introgression may compromise the viability of wild salmon populations. We cannot, however, conclude that this is connected to alterations in the metabolic phenotype of farmed salmon. domestication, natural selection, RMR, Salmo salar, semi‐natural, SMR publishedVersion This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2018 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Robertsen, Grethe Reid, Donald Einum, Sigurd Aronsen, Tonje Fleming, Ian A. Sundt-Hansen, Line Elisabeth Breivik Karlsson, Sten Kvingedal, Eli Ugedal, Ola Hindar, Kjetil |
author_facet |
Robertsen, Grethe Reid, Donald Einum, Sigurd Aronsen, Tonje Fleming, Ian A. Sundt-Hansen, Line Elisabeth Breivik Karlsson, Sten Kvingedal, Eli Ugedal, Ola Hindar, Kjetil |
author_sort |
Robertsen, Grethe |
title |
Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context- dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? |
title_short |
Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context- dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? |
title_full |
Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context- dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? |
title_fullStr |
Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context- dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context- dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? |
title_sort |
can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context- dependent performance of farmed atlantic salmon offspring? |
publisher |
Wiley Open Access |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2590540 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4716 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
1-11 2018 Ecology and Evolution |
op_relation |
Norges forskningsråd: 16105 Egen institusjon: NINA Strategic Institute Initiative Miljødirektoratet: 2014/527 Andre: QuantEscape Ecology and Evolution. 2018, 2018 1-11. urn:issn:2045-7758 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2590540 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4716 cristin:1659944 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4716 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
212 |
op_container_end_page |
222 |
_version_ |
1766362160753016832 |