Chemosystematic studies in the genus Abies . I. Leaf and twig oil analysis of alpine and balsam firs

• Published in: Canadian Journal of Botany
• Main Authors: Hunt, R. S., von Rudloff, E.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Canadian Science Publishing 1974
• Subjects: Battle Lake; Green Mountain; Lesser Slave lake; Slave Lake
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1139/b74-063; https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object/?id=f40d6358-ae8b-4c8e-8d7b-385fda405c33; https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/fra/voir/objet/?id=f40d6358-ae8b-4c8e-8d7b-385fda405c33

The volatile oils of the leaves and twigs of alpine fir, and western and eastern Canadian balsam fir were analyzed by gas–liquid chromatography. Many qualitative similarities were found and the within-tree and tree-to-tree variation of the quantitative terpene composition of the leaf oil was sufficiently small to permit a chemosystematic study. Abies lasiocarpa and A. balsamea may be differentiated by the relative amounts of β-pinene, 3-carene, β-phellandrene, trans-ocimene, piperitone, methyl thymol, and thymol. Consistent quantitative differences were also found between eastern and western A. balsamea, and the populations in the Lesser Slave Lake and Battle Lake regions of central Alberta gave intermediate terpene data, which suggests introgression between A. lasiocarpa and western A. balsamea. Thus a cline between A. lasiocarpa and A. balsamea, with western balsam fir populations as bridge, may have existed after the last glaciation. The alpine fir populations of southern Alberta, and eastern and central British Columbia gave uniform terpene data, but five trees sampled on Green Mountain, Vancouver Island, gave significantly different terpene data. These results were substantiated by morphological characters as well as twig oil analysis, but the latter two methods gave less consistent data than leaf oil analysis. Les auteurs ont étudié, par chromatographie en phase gazeuse–liquide, les huiles volatiles des feuilles et des ramilles chez Abies lasiocarpa et chez des populations orientales et occidentales d'Abies balsamea. Plusieurs similarités qualitatives ont été décelées; la composition quantitative des terpènes des feuilles présentait, à l'intérieur d'un arbre et d'un arbre à l'autre, une variation assez faible pour qu'une étude chimio-taxonomique soit possible. Abies lasiocarpa et A. balsamea peuvent être séparés par les quantités relatives de β-pinène, 3-carène, β-phellandrène, trans-ocimène, pipéritone, méthyl-thymol et thymol. Des différence quantitatives ont également été trouvées entre les ...