Permafrost existence and distribution in the Chic-Chocs Mountains, Gaspesie, Quebec

• Main Authors: Gray, J. T., Brown, R. J. E.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: 1979
• Subjects: permafrost; pergélisol; soils; sol
• Online Access: https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=278bc447-9cf0-4261-a0a3-801088b7e59e; https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object/?id=278bc447-9cf0-4261-a0a3-801088b7e59e; https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/fra/voir/objet/?id=278bc447-9cf0-4261-a0a3-801088b7e59e

Ground temperature studies, begun in 1977, revealed the presence of permafrost at the summit of Mont Jacques- Cartier (1270 m), in Gaspésie. Temperature profile data to a depth of 30 m in a drill hole indicates an active layer slightly thicker than 5.75 m, overlying a permafrost body extending beyond the base of the hole. Downward extrapolation of the profile, based on heat flow data and thermal conductivity measurements show that this permafrost body is from 45-60 m thick. That the permafrost is contemporary is indicated by the proximity of the permafrost table to the surface, by the low mean annual air temperature for the site (-3 degrees C to -5 degrees C), and by the lack of a thick insulative blanket of snow in the winter. A mean annual ground surface temperature of -1 degree C to -1.5 degrees C is estimated for the site. The Mont Jacques- Cartier data enabled a regional lower limit of 1,000 - 1,100 m to be established for extensive permafrost in the Chic- Chocs Mountains in treeless exposed situations. A limited amount of ground temperature data from Mont Logan and Mont Albert tends to confirm the validity of this regional limit, which was then used, in association with our knowledge of the vegetation cover, to map the distribution of extensive permafrost bodies for the entire eastern Chic-Chocs Mountains. Les études sur la température du sol, entreprises en 1977, ont révélé la présence d'un pergélisol au sommet du mont Jacques-Cartier (1270 m). Le profil thermique, dressé à partir d'un trou de forage d'une profondeur de 30 m, démontre qu'une couche active épaisse de 5,75 m recouvre un pergélisol plus profond que le trou de forage. Basée sur les calculs de flux de chaleur et les mesures de conductivité thermique, l'extrapolation du profil thermique à une plus grande profondeur évalue l'épaisseur du pergélisol de 45 à 60 m. La contiguité de niveau supérieur du pergélisol et de la surface, la température moyenne annuelle du site (-3 à -5 degrés C) et l'absence d'un couvert nival épais témoignent de la ...