Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches
Continuous records have been made during the passage of dry- snow avalanches of both seismic signals, which allows the avalanche speed to be estimated, and impact pressures on load cells with surface areas of 645 and 6450 mm[2]. The impact-pressure recordings show an initial peak followed by a base...
Published in: | Journal of Glaciology |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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1980
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3189/S0022143000010716 https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/fra/voir/objet/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd |
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ftnrccanada:oai:cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.ca:cistinparc:20358598 2024-01-07T09:44:26+01:00 Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches Schaerer, P. A. Salway, A. A. 1980 text https://doi.org/10.3189/S0022143000010716 https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/fra/voir/objet/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd eng eng issn:0022-1430 Journal of Glaciology, Volume: 26, Issue: 94, Publication date: 1980, Pages: 179–187 doi:10.3189/S0022143000010716 report_number:DBR-P-968 earthquakes séisme avalanches avalanche snow (snowfall) neige (précipitation) seismic loads charge sismique impact loads force d'impact article 1980 ftnrccanada https://doi.org/10.3189/S0022143000010716 2023-12-10T00:02:20Z Continuous records have been made during the passage of dry- snow avalanches of both seismic signals, which allows the avalanche speed to be estimated, and impact pressures on load cells with surface areas of 645 and 6450 mm[2]. The impact-pressure recordings show an initial peak followed by a base pressure. The observed initial and base pressures vary strongly within avalanches and from one avalanche to another, but, on average, they can be correlated with the frontal speed and the density of the deposited avalanche snow. It is concluded that well-developed dry-snow avalanches have an unsteady wave motion similar to the slug flow observed in ultra-rapid flow of water, and that they consist of three stratified components: dense flowing snow at the bottom, light flowing snow, and powder snow. Des signaux sismiques permettant d'évaluer la vitesse des avalanches et les pressions d'impact exercées sur des cellules dynamométriques d'une surface de 645 et de 6450 mm[ 2] ont été enregistrés de facon continue durant le passage d'avalanches de neige poudreuse. Les pressions d'impact enregistrées indiquent un maximum initial suivi d'une pression normale. Les pressions initiales et normales observées varient grandement pour une même avalanche et d'une avalanche à l'autre, mais, en moyenne, il y a corrélation avec la vitesse de front et la densité de la neige déposée par l'avalanche. Les auteurs concluent que les grandes avalanches poudreuses ont un mouvement ondulatoire instable qui rappelle l'écoulement en bouchon des masses d'eau ultra-rapide. Ces avalanches comportent trois strates: une neige dense et coulante, couverte de neige légère et coulante, elle-même couverte de neige poudreuse. Peer reviewed: Yes NRC publication: Yes Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology National Research Council Canada: NRC Publications Archive Journal of Glaciology 26 94 179 187 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
National Research Council Canada: NRC Publications Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnrccanada |
language |
English |
topic |
earthquakes séisme avalanches avalanche snow (snowfall) neige (précipitation) seismic loads charge sismique impact loads force d'impact |
spellingShingle |
earthquakes séisme avalanches avalanche snow (snowfall) neige (précipitation) seismic loads charge sismique impact loads force d'impact Schaerer, P. A. Salway, A. A. Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches |
topic_facet |
earthquakes séisme avalanches avalanche snow (snowfall) neige (précipitation) seismic loads charge sismique impact loads force d'impact |
description |
Continuous records have been made during the passage of dry- snow avalanches of both seismic signals, which allows the avalanche speed to be estimated, and impact pressures on load cells with surface areas of 645 and 6450 mm[2]. The impact-pressure recordings show an initial peak followed by a base pressure. The observed initial and base pressures vary strongly within avalanches and from one avalanche to another, but, on average, they can be correlated with the frontal speed and the density of the deposited avalanche snow. It is concluded that well-developed dry-snow avalanches have an unsteady wave motion similar to the slug flow observed in ultra-rapid flow of water, and that they consist of three stratified components: dense flowing snow at the bottom, light flowing snow, and powder snow. Des signaux sismiques permettant d'évaluer la vitesse des avalanches et les pressions d'impact exercées sur des cellules dynamométriques d'une surface de 645 et de 6450 mm[ 2] ont été enregistrés de facon continue durant le passage d'avalanches de neige poudreuse. Les pressions d'impact enregistrées indiquent un maximum initial suivi d'une pression normale. Les pressions initiales et normales observées varient grandement pour une même avalanche et d'une avalanche à l'autre, mais, en moyenne, il y a corrélation avec la vitesse de front et la densité de la neige déposée par l'avalanche. Les auteurs concluent que les grandes avalanches poudreuses ont un mouvement ondulatoire instable qui rappelle l'écoulement en bouchon des masses d'eau ultra-rapide. Ces avalanches comportent trois strates: une neige dense et coulante, couverte de neige légère et coulante, elle-même couverte de neige poudreuse. Peer reviewed: Yes NRC publication: Yes |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schaerer, P. A. Salway, A. A. |
author_facet |
Schaerer, P. A. Salway, A. A. |
author_sort |
Schaerer, P. A. |
title |
Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches |
title_short |
Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches |
title_full |
Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches |
title_fullStr |
Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches |
title_sort |
seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches |
publishDate |
1980 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3189/S0022143000010716 https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/fra/voir/objet/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd |
genre |
Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Journal of Glaciology |
op_relation |
issn:0022-1430 Journal of Glaciology, Volume: 26, Issue: 94, Publication date: 1980, Pages: 179–187 doi:10.3189/S0022143000010716 report_number:DBR-P-968 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3189/S0022143000010716 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
26 |
container_issue |
94 |
container_start_page |
179 |
op_container_end_page |
187 |
_version_ |
1787425819292860416 |