Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches

Continuous records have been made during the passage of dry- snow avalanches of both seismic signals, which allows the avalanche speed to be estimated, and impact pressures on load cells with surface areas of 645 and 6450 mm[2]. The impact-pressure recordings show an initial peak followed by a base...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Glaciology
Main Authors: Schaerer, P. A., Salway, A. A.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 1980
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3189/S0022143000010716
https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd
https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd
https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/fra/voir/objet/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd
id ftnrccanada:oai:cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.ca:cistinparc:20358598
record_format openpolar
spelling ftnrccanada:oai:cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.ca:cistinparc:20358598 2024-01-07T09:44:26+01:00 Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches Schaerer, P. A. Salway, A. A. 1980 text https://doi.org/10.3189/S0022143000010716 https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/fra/voir/objet/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd eng eng issn:0022-1430 Journal of Glaciology, Volume: 26, Issue: 94, Publication date: 1980, Pages: 179–187 doi:10.3189/S0022143000010716 report_number:DBR-P-968 earthquakes séisme avalanches avalanche snow (snowfall) neige (précipitation) seismic loads charge sismique impact loads force d'impact article 1980 ftnrccanada https://doi.org/10.3189/S0022143000010716 2023-12-10T00:02:20Z Continuous records have been made during the passage of dry- snow avalanches of both seismic signals, which allows the avalanche speed to be estimated, and impact pressures on load cells with surface areas of 645 and 6450 mm[2]. The impact-pressure recordings show an initial peak followed by a base pressure. The observed initial and base pressures vary strongly within avalanches and from one avalanche to another, but, on average, they can be correlated with the frontal speed and the density of the deposited avalanche snow. It is concluded that well-developed dry-snow avalanches have an unsteady wave motion similar to the slug flow observed in ultra-rapid flow of water, and that they consist of three stratified components: dense flowing snow at the bottom, light flowing snow, and powder snow. Des signaux sismiques permettant d'évaluer la vitesse des avalanches et les pressions d'impact exercées sur des cellules dynamométriques d'une surface de 645 et de 6450 mm[ 2] ont été enregistrés de facon continue durant le passage d'avalanches de neige poudreuse. Les pressions d'impact enregistrées indiquent un maximum initial suivi d'une pression normale. Les pressions initiales et normales observées varient grandement pour une même avalanche et d'une avalanche à l'autre, mais, en moyenne, il y a corrélation avec la vitesse de front et la densité de la neige déposée par l'avalanche. Les auteurs concluent que les grandes avalanches poudreuses ont un mouvement ondulatoire instable qui rappelle l'écoulement en bouchon des masses d'eau ultra-rapide. Ces avalanches comportent trois strates: une neige dense et coulante, couverte de neige légère et coulante, elle-même couverte de neige poudreuse. Peer reviewed: Yes NRC publication: Yes Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology National Research Council Canada: NRC Publications Archive Journal of Glaciology 26 94 179 187
institution Open Polar
collection National Research Council Canada: NRC Publications Archive
op_collection_id ftnrccanada
language English
topic earthquakes
séisme
avalanches
avalanche
snow (snowfall)
neige (précipitation)
seismic loads
charge sismique
impact loads
force d'impact
spellingShingle earthquakes
séisme
avalanches
avalanche
snow (snowfall)
neige (précipitation)
seismic loads
charge sismique
impact loads
force d'impact
Schaerer, P. A.
Salway, A. A.
Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches
topic_facet earthquakes
séisme
avalanches
avalanche
snow (snowfall)
neige (précipitation)
seismic loads
charge sismique
impact loads
force d'impact
description Continuous records have been made during the passage of dry- snow avalanches of both seismic signals, which allows the avalanche speed to be estimated, and impact pressures on load cells with surface areas of 645 and 6450 mm[2]. The impact-pressure recordings show an initial peak followed by a base pressure. The observed initial and base pressures vary strongly within avalanches and from one avalanche to another, but, on average, they can be correlated with the frontal speed and the density of the deposited avalanche snow. It is concluded that well-developed dry-snow avalanches have an unsteady wave motion similar to the slug flow observed in ultra-rapid flow of water, and that they consist of three stratified components: dense flowing snow at the bottom, light flowing snow, and powder snow. Des signaux sismiques permettant d'évaluer la vitesse des avalanches et les pressions d'impact exercées sur des cellules dynamométriques d'une surface de 645 et de 6450 mm[ 2] ont été enregistrés de facon continue durant le passage d'avalanches de neige poudreuse. Les pressions d'impact enregistrées indiquent un maximum initial suivi d'une pression normale. Les pressions initiales et normales observées varient grandement pour une même avalanche et d'une avalanche à l'autre, mais, en moyenne, il y a corrélation avec la vitesse de front et la densité de la neige déposée par l'avalanche. Les auteurs concluent que les grandes avalanches poudreuses ont un mouvement ondulatoire instable qui rappelle l'écoulement en bouchon des masses d'eau ultra-rapide. Ces avalanches comportent trois strates: une neige dense et coulante, couverte de neige légère et coulante, elle-même couverte de neige poudreuse. Peer reviewed: Yes NRC publication: Yes
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Schaerer, P. A.
Salway, A. A.
author_facet Schaerer, P. A.
Salway, A. A.
author_sort Schaerer, P. A.
title Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches
title_short Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches
title_full Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches
title_fullStr Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches
title_full_unstemmed Seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches
title_sort seismic and impact-pressure monitoring of flowing avalanches
publishDate 1980
url https://doi.org/10.3189/S0022143000010716
https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd
https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd
https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/fra/voir/objet/?id=56e77616-9c28-4979-a871-5c8e05d790cd
genre Journal of Glaciology
genre_facet Journal of Glaciology
op_relation issn:0022-1430
Journal of Glaciology, Volume: 26, Issue: 94, Publication date: 1980, Pages: 179–187
doi:10.3189/S0022143000010716
report_number:DBR-P-968
op_doi https://doi.org/10.3189/S0022143000010716
container_title Journal of Glaciology
container_volume 26
container_issue 94
container_start_page 179
op_container_end_page 187
_version_ 1787425819292860416