Early history of North Dakota: essential outlines of American history

• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Cornell University Library
• Subjects: Detroit; Green Bay; Indian; Lawrence River; Maurice; Otta; algonquin; esquimaux
• Online Access: http://cdm16921.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/ndsl-books/id/52810

EARLY HISTORY OF NORTH DAKOTA 9 manded by Sir Howard Walker, failed through disaster to the fleet from a storm on the St. Lawrence River. Queen Anne's war closed in 1713, by the Treaty of Utrecht, and was followed by a few years of peace, between the French and English, the French gradually extending their dominion to the valley of the Mississippi River, forming a chain of forts around the EngUsh whose settle-ments were menaced at every point beyond the Alleghany Mountains. FRENCH FORTS ON THF. BORDER As stated in Francis Parkman's "Half a Century of Conflict," "Niagara held the passage from Lake Ontario to Lake Erie, Detroit closed the entrance to Lake Huron, and Michilimackinac guarded the point where Lake Huron is joined by lakes Michigan and Superior, while the fort called La Baye, at the head of Green Bay, stopped the way to the Mississippi by Marquette's old route of the Fox River and the Wisconsin. Another route to the Mississippi was controlled by a post on the Maurice, to watch the carrying-place between that river and the Wabash, and by another on the Wabash where Vincennes now stands. La Salle's route by way of the Kankakee and the Illinois was barred by a fort on the St. Joseph, and even if, in spite of these obstructions the enemy should reach the Mississippi by any of the northern routes, the cannon at Fort Chartres would prevent him from descending it." INDIAN ALIGNMEN'^ IN BORDER WARS—THE SIX NATIONS The Iroquois, known as the "Five Nations" until joined by the Tuscaroras of North Carolina in 1713, were composed of the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas and Senecas, the Tuscaroras making the sixth of the allied nations. THE ALGONQUINS The chief tribes of this family group were the Hurons or Wyandottes, Otta-was, Crees, Chippewas, Urees, Miamis, Menominees, Chippisings, Pottawafamies, Sacs, Foxes, Kickapoos, the Powhatan tribes in Virginia, the Mohegans, Pequots, and other tribes of New England, the several tribes being free to exercise their own preference—^the Shawnee, Blackfeet and Cheyennes, and various other lesser tribes. The Algonquin tribes were bounded on the north by the' Esquimaux, on the west by the Dakotas or Sioux, on the south by the Cherokees, the Natchez and Mobilian tribes. THE HURONS The Hurons were a people of strong militancy; they were first encountered on the St. Lawrence River in the vicinity of Quebec. In their association with friendly Indians they claimed and were usually conceded the right to light the campfire at all general gatherings. Their confederacy was known in their language as the Sendat, and finally came to be called Wyandots (Wendat). In the treaty of January 21, 1785, they are recognized as Wyandots. This treaty was also with the Delawares, Chippe-was, and Ottawas. It was by the use of firearms obtained from the Dutch that the Iroquois were able to drive the Hurons from the St. Lawrence, when they Internet Archive