Assessing Stress Resilience After Smolt Transportation by Waterborne Cortisol and Feeding Behavior in a Commercial Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Grow-Out Recirculating Aquaculture System
Sampling protocols and water quality sensors have been developed to assess fish health and welfare in recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs). Still, the use of fish-based non-invasive welfare indicators, reflecting the physiological state of the fish, is limited in this type of system. Cortisol, t...
Published in: | Frontiers in Physiology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2987364 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.771951 |
id |
ftnorskinstvf:oai:niva.brage.unit.no:11250/2987364 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftnorskinstvf:oai:niva.brage.unit.no:11250/2987364 2023-05-15T15:31:59+02:00 Assessing Stress Resilience After Smolt Transportation by Waterborne Cortisol and Feeding Behavior in a Commercial Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Grow-Out Recirculating Aquaculture System Höglund, Erik Fernandes, Paulo Rojas-Tirado, Paula Andrea Rundberget, Thomas Hess-Erga, Ole-Kristian 2022 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2987364 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.771951 eng eng Frontiers Norges forskningsråd: 160016 Frontiers in Physiology. 2022, 12, 771951. urn:issn:1664-042X https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2987364 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.771951 cristin:1997235 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no Copyright © 2022 Höglund, Fernandes, Rojas-Tirado, Rundberget and Hess-Erga CC-BY 8 12 Frontiers in Physiology 771951 Peer reviewed Journal article 2022 ftnorskinstvf https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.771951 2023-02-21T08:46:34Z Sampling protocols and water quality sensors have been developed to assess fish health and welfare in recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs). Still, the use of fish-based non-invasive welfare indicators, reflecting the physiological state of the fish, is limited in this type of system. Cortisol, the major stress-coping hormone in fish, diffuses through the gills. Consequently, waterborne cortisol is a potential fish-based non-invasive welfare indicator in RAS. However, its use in commercial rearing systems is sparse. In this study, we evaluated water cortisol levels and feeding behavior as welfare indicators of newly inserted smolt in a commercial RAS for harvest size Atlantic salmon. The RAS consisted of two parallel fish rearing raceways, raceways 1 and 2, sharing the same water treatment with common outlets and inlets. The smolts were inserted in raceway 1 while salmon that have been in the system for 6 months or more were kept in raceway 2. The smolt insertion period was 3 days. Samples for water cortisol levels were withdrawn the day before, 1 and 3 days after the smolt insertion period. Smolt insertion resulted in elevated water cortisol concentrations in the entire system, with the highest values in raceway 1, one day after smolt insertion. Estimated cortisol production in newly inserted smolt decreased over time, was similar to what has been reported in salmon adapting to experimental tanks. Feeding behavior indicated that the appetite was not fully resumed in the newly inserted smolts, while the appetite of fish in raceway 2 was unaffected by smolt insertion. These results, obtained in a highly intensive commercial RAS, suggest that waterborne cortisol together with feeding behavior can be used as indicators for adaptive processes associated with stress resilience in farmed fish. Thus, they are promising non-invasive indicators for assessing the impact of potential stressors on fish welfare in this type of rearing system. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Norwegian Institute for Water research: NIVA Open Access Archive (Brage) Frontiers in Physiology 12 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Norwegian Institute for Water research: NIVA Open Access Archive (Brage) |
op_collection_id |
ftnorskinstvf |
language |
English |
description |
Sampling protocols and water quality sensors have been developed to assess fish health and welfare in recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs). Still, the use of fish-based non-invasive welfare indicators, reflecting the physiological state of the fish, is limited in this type of system. Cortisol, the major stress-coping hormone in fish, diffuses through the gills. Consequently, waterborne cortisol is a potential fish-based non-invasive welfare indicator in RAS. However, its use in commercial rearing systems is sparse. In this study, we evaluated water cortisol levels and feeding behavior as welfare indicators of newly inserted smolt in a commercial RAS for harvest size Atlantic salmon. The RAS consisted of two parallel fish rearing raceways, raceways 1 and 2, sharing the same water treatment with common outlets and inlets. The smolts were inserted in raceway 1 while salmon that have been in the system for 6 months or more were kept in raceway 2. The smolt insertion period was 3 days. Samples for water cortisol levels were withdrawn the day before, 1 and 3 days after the smolt insertion period. Smolt insertion resulted in elevated water cortisol concentrations in the entire system, with the highest values in raceway 1, one day after smolt insertion. Estimated cortisol production in newly inserted smolt decreased over time, was similar to what has been reported in salmon adapting to experimental tanks. Feeding behavior indicated that the appetite was not fully resumed in the newly inserted smolts, while the appetite of fish in raceway 2 was unaffected by smolt insertion. These results, obtained in a highly intensive commercial RAS, suggest that waterborne cortisol together with feeding behavior can be used as indicators for adaptive processes associated with stress resilience in farmed fish. Thus, they are promising non-invasive indicators for assessing the impact of potential stressors on fish welfare in this type of rearing system. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Höglund, Erik Fernandes, Paulo Rojas-Tirado, Paula Andrea Rundberget, Thomas Hess-Erga, Ole-Kristian |
spellingShingle |
Höglund, Erik Fernandes, Paulo Rojas-Tirado, Paula Andrea Rundberget, Thomas Hess-Erga, Ole-Kristian Assessing Stress Resilience After Smolt Transportation by Waterborne Cortisol and Feeding Behavior in a Commercial Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Grow-Out Recirculating Aquaculture System |
author_facet |
Höglund, Erik Fernandes, Paulo Rojas-Tirado, Paula Andrea Rundberget, Thomas Hess-Erga, Ole-Kristian |
author_sort |
Höglund, Erik |
title |
Assessing Stress Resilience After Smolt Transportation by Waterborne Cortisol and Feeding Behavior in a Commercial Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Grow-Out Recirculating Aquaculture System |
title_short |
Assessing Stress Resilience After Smolt Transportation by Waterborne Cortisol and Feeding Behavior in a Commercial Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Grow-Out Recirculating Aquaculture System |
title_full |
Assessing Stress Resilience After Smolt Transportation by Waterborne Cortisol and Feeding Behavior in a Commercial Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Grow-Out Recirculating Aquaculture System |
title_fullStr |
Assessing Stress Resilience After Smolt Transportation by Waterborne Cortisol and Feeding Behavior in a Commercial Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Grow-Out Recirculating Aquaculture System |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessing Stress Resilience After Smolt Transportation by Waterborne Cortisol and Feeding Behavior in a Commercial Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Grow-Out Recirculating Aquaculture System |
title_sort |
assessing stress resilience after smolt transportation by waterborne cortisol and feeding behavior in a commercial atlantic salmon (salmo salar) grow-out recirculating aquaculture system |
publisher |
Frontiers |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2987364 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.771951 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
8 12 Frontiers in Physiology 771951 |
op_relation |
Norges forskningsråd: 160016 Frontiers in Physiology. 2022, 12, 771951. urn:issn:1664-042X https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2987364 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.771951 cristin:1997235 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no Copyright © 2022 Höglund, Fernandes, Rojas-Tirado, Rundberget and Hess-Erga |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.771951 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Physiology |
container_volume |
12 |
_version_ |
1766362481334157312 |