The major threats to Atlantic salmon in Norway
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is an economically and culturally important species. Norway has more than 400 watercourses with Atlantic salmon and supports a large proportion of the world’s wild Atlantic salmon. Atlantic salmon are structured into numerous genetically differentiated populations, and...
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Oxford University Press
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2491280 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx020 |
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ftnorskinstvf:oai:niva.brage.unit.no:11250/2491280 2023-05-15T15:28:10+02:00 The major threats to Atlantic salmon in Norway Forseth, Torbjørn Barlaup, Bjørn Torgeir Finstad, Bengt Fiske, Peder Gjøsæter, Harald Falkegård, Morten Hindar, Atle Mo, Tor Atle Rikardsen, Audun H. Thorstad, Eva Bonsak Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn Wennevik, Vidar 2017 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2491280 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx020 eng eng Oxford University Press Miljødirektoratet: Atlantic salmon Committee Norges forskningsråd: 179569 ICES Journal of Marine Science. 2017, 74 (6), 1495-1513. urn:issn:1054-3139 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2491280 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx020 cristin:1462610 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no CC-BY 1495-1513 74 ICES Journal of Marine Science 6 VDP::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Marine biology: 497 Journal article Peer reviewed 2017 ftnorskinstvf https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx020 2023-02-21T08:45:13Z Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is an economically and culturally important species. Norway has more than 400 watercourses with Atlantic salmon and supports a large proportion of the world’s wild Atlantic salmon. Atlantic salmon are structured into numerous genetically differentiated populations, and are therefore managed at the population level. Long-distance migrations between freshwater and ocean habitats expose Atlantic salmon to multiple threats, and a number of anthropogenic factors have contributed to the decline of Atlantic salmon during the last decades. Knowledge on the relative importance of the different anthropogenic factors is vital for prioritizing management measures. We developed a semi-quantitative 2D classification system to rank the different anthropogenic factors and used this to assess the major threats to Norwegian Atlantic salmon. Escaped farmed salmon and salmon lice from fish farms were identified as expanding population threats, with escaped farmed salmon being the largest current threat. These two factors affect populations to the extent that they may be critically endangered or lost, with a large likelihood of causing further reductions and losses in the future. The introduced parasite Gyrodactylus salaris, freshwater acidification, hydropower regulation and other habitat alterations were identified as stabilized population threats, which have contributed to populations becoming critically endangered or lost, but with a low likelihood of causing further loss. Other impacts were identified as less influential, either as stabilized or expanding factors that cause loss in terms of number of returning adults, but not to the extent that populations become threatened. Management based on population specific reference points (conservation limits) has reduced exploitation in Norway, and overexploitation was therefore no longer regarded an important impact factor. The classification system may be used as a template for ranking of anthropogenic impact factors in other countries and as a support ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Norwegian Institute for Water research: NIVA Open Access Archive (Brage) Norway ICES Journal of Marine Science 74 6 1496 1513 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Norwegian Institute for Water research: NIVA Open Access Archive (Brage) |
op_collection_id |
ftnorskinstvf |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Marine biology: 497 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Marine biology: 497 Forseth, Torbjørn Barlaup, Bjørn Torgeir Finstad, Bengt Fiske, Peder Gjøsæter, Harald Falkegård, Morten Hindar, Atle Mo, Tor Atle Rikardsen, Audun H. Thorstad, Eva Bonsak Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn Wennevik, Vidar The major threats to Atlantic salmon in Norway |
topic_facet |
VDP::Marinbiologi: 497 VDP::Marine biology: 497 |
description |
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is an economically and culturally important species. Norway has more than 400 watercourses with Atlantic salmon and supports a large proportion of the world’s wild Atlantic salmon. Atlantic salmon are structured into numerous genetically differentiated populations, and are therefore managed at the population level. Long-distance migrations between freshwater and ocean habitats expose Atlantic salmon to multiple threats, and a number of anthropogenic factors have contributed to the decline of Atlantic salmon during the last decades. Knowledge on the relative importance of the different anthropogenic factors is vital for prioritizing management measures. We developed a semi-quantitative 2D classification system to rank the different anthropogenic factors and used this to assess the major threats to Norwegian Atlantic salmon. Escaped farmed salmon and salmon lice from fish farms were identified as expanding population threats, with escaped farmed salmon being the largest current threat. These two factors affect populations to the extent that they may be critically endangered or lost, with a large likelihood of causing further reductions and losses in the future. The introduced parasite Gyrodactylus salaris, freshwater acidification, hydropower regulation and other habitat alterations were identified as stabilized population threats, which have contributed to populations becoming critically endangered or lost, but with a low likelihood of causing further loss. Other impacts were identified as less influential, either as stabilized or expanding factors that cause loss in terms of number of returning adults, but not to the extent that populations become threatened. Management based on population specific reference points (conservation limits) has reduced exploitation in Norway, and overexploitation was therefore no longer regarded an important impact factor. The classification system may be used as a template for ranking of anthropogenic impact factors in other countries and as a support ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Forseth, Torbjørn Barlaup, Bjørn Torgeir Finstad, Bengt Fiske, Peder Gjøsæter, Harald Falkegård, Morten Hindar, Atle Mo, Tor Atle Rikardsen, Audun H. Thorstad, Eva Bonsak Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn Wennevik, Vidar |
author_facet |
Forseth, Torbjørn Barlaup, Bjørn Torgeir Finstad, Bengt Fiske, Peder Gjøsæter, Harald Falkegård, Morten Hindar, Atle Mo, Tor Atle Rikardsen, Audun H. Thorstad, Eva Bonsak Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn Wennevik, Vidar |
author_sort |
Forseth, Torbjørn |
title |
The major threats to Atlantic salmon in Norway |
title_short |
The major threats to Atlantic salmon in Norway |
title_full |
The major threats to Atlantic salmon in Norway |
title_fullStr |
The major threats to Atlantic salmon in Norway |
title_full_unstemmed |
The major threats to Atlantic salmon in Norway |
title_sort |
major threats to atlantic salmon in norway |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2491280 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx020 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
1495-1513 74 ICES Journal of Marine Science 6 |
op_relation |
Miljødirektoratet: Atlantic salmon Committee Norges forskningsråd: 179569 ICES Journal of Marine Science. 2017, 74 (6), 1495-1513. urn:issn:1054-3139 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2491280 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx020 cristin:1462610 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx020 |
container_title |
ICES Journal of Marine Science |
container_volume |
74 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1496 |
op_container_end_page |
1513 |
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1766358546488754176 |