Discriminating viscous-creep features (rock glaciers) in mountain permafrost from debris-covered glaciers – a commented test at the Gruben and Yerba Loca sites, Swiss Alps and Chilean Andes
Viscous-flow features in perennially frozen talus/debris called rock glaciers are being systematically inventoried as part of the global climate-related monitoring of mountain permafrost. In order to avoid duplication and confusion, guidelines were developed by the International Permafrost Associati...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
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Copernicus Publications
2024
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00072759 2024-05-12T08:05:01+00:00 Discriminating viscous-creep features (rock glaciers) in mountain permafrost from debris-covered glaciers – a commented test at the Gruben and Yerba Loca sites, Swiss Alps and Chilean Andes Haeberli, Wilfried Arenson, Lukas U. Wee, Julie Hauck, Christian Mölg, Nico 2024-04 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1669-2024 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00072759 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00070955/tc-18-1669-2024.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/1669/2024/tc-18-1669-2024.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications The Cryosphere -- ˜Theœ Cryosphere -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2393169 -- http://www.the-cryosphere.net/ -- 1994-0424 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1669-2024 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00072759 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00070955/tc-18-1669-2024.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/1669/2024/tc-18-1669-2024.pdf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2024 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1669-2024 2024-04-15T23:39:04Z Viscous-flow features in perennially frozen talus/debris called rock glaciers are being systematically inventoried as part of the global climate-related monitoring of mountain permafrost. In order to avoid duplication and confusion, guidelines were developed by the International Permafrost Association to discriminate between the permafrost-related landform “rock glacier” and the glacier-related landform “debris-covered glacier”. In two regions covered by detailed field measurements, the corresponding data- and physics-based concepts are tested and shown to be adequate. Key physical aspects which cause the striking morphological and dynamic differences between the two phenomena/landforms concern the following: tight mechanical coupling of the surface material to the frozen rock–ice mixture in the case of rock glaciers, contrasting with essential non-coupling of debris to the glaciers they cover; talus-type advancing fronts of rock glaciers exposing fresh debris material from inside the moving frozen bodies, as opposed to massive surface ice exposed by increasingly rare advancing fronts of debris-covered glaciers; and increasing creep rates and continued advance of rock glaciers as convex landforms with structured surfaces versus predominant slowing down and disintegration of debris-covered glaciers as often concave landforms with primarily chaotic surface structure. Where debris-covered surface ice is or has recently been in contact with thermally controlled subsurface ice in permafrost, complex conditions and interactions can develop morphologies beyond simple either–or-type landform classification. In such cases, the remains of buried surface ice mostly tend to be smaller than the lower size limit of “glaciers” as the term is applied in glacier inventories and to be far thinner than the permafrost in which they are embedded. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice International Permafrost Association permafrost The Cryosphere Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Gruben ENVELOPE(14.223,14.223,66.318,66.318) The Cryosphere 18 4 1669 1683 |
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Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA |
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English |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Haeberli, Wilfried Arenson, Lukas U. Wee, Julie Hauck, Christian Mölg, Nico Discriminating viscous-creep features (rock glaciers) in mountain permafrost from debris-covered glaciers – a commented test at the Gruben and Yerba Loca sites, Swiss Alps and Chilean Andes |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
Viscous-flow features in perennially frozen talus/debris called rock glaciers are being systematically inventoried as part of the global climate-related monitoring of mountain permafrost. In order to avoid duplication and confusion, guidelines were developed by the International Permafrost Association to discriminate between the permafrost-related landform “rock glacier” and the glacier-related landform “debris-covered glacier”. In two regions covered by detailed field measurements, the corresponding data- and physics-based concepts are tested and shown to be adequate. Key physical aspects which cause the striking morphological and dynamic differences between the two phenomena/landforms concern the following: tight mechanical coupling of the surface material to the frozen rock–ice mixture in the case of rock glaciers, contrasting with essential non-coupling of debris to the glaciers they cover; talus-type advancing fronts of rock glaciers exposing fresh debris material from inside the moving frozen bodies, as opposed to massive surface ice exposed by increasingly rare advancing fronts of debris-covered glaciers; and increasing creep rates and continued advance of rock glaciers as convex landforms with structured surfaces versus predominant slowing down and disintegration of debris-covered glaciers as often concave landforms with primarily chaotic surface structure. Where debris-covered surface ice is or has recently been in contact with thermally controlled subsurface ice in permafrost, complex conditions and interactions can develop morphologies beyond simple either–or-type landform classification. In such cases, the remains of buried surface ice mostly tend to be smaller than the lower size limit of “glaciers” as the term is applied in glacier inventories and to be far thinner than the permafrost in which they are embedded. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Haeberli, Wilfried Arenson, Lukas U. Wee, Julie Hauck, Christian Mölg, Nico |
author_facet |
Haeberli, Wilfried Arenson, Lukas U. Wee, Julie Hauck, Christian Mölg, Nico |
author_sort |
Haeberli, Wilfried |
title |
Discriminating viscous-creep features (rock glaciers) in mountain permafrost from debris-covered glaciers – a commented test at the Gruben and Yerba Loca sites, Swiss Alps and Chilean Andes |
title_short |
Discriminating viscous-creep features (rock glaciers) in mountain permafrost from debris-covered glaciers – a commented test at the Gruben and Yerba Loca sites, Swiss Alps and Chilean Andes |
title_full |
Discriminating viscous-creep features (rock glaciers) in mountain permafrost from debris-covered glaciers – a commented test at the Gruben and Yerba Loca sites, Swiss Alps and Chilean Andes |
title_fullStr |
Discriminating viscous-creep features (rock glaciers) in mountain permafrost from debris-covered glaciers – a commented test at the Gruben and Yerba Loca sites, Swiss Alps and Chilean Andes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Discriminating viscous-creep features (rock glaciers) in mountain permafrost from debris-covered glaciers – a commented test at the Gruben and Yerba Loca sites, Swiss Alps and Chilean Andes |
title_sort |
discriminating viscous-creep features (rock glaciers) in mountain permafrost from debris-covered glaciers – a commented test at the gruben and yerba loca sites, swiss alps and chilean andes |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1669-2024 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00072759 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00070955/tc-18-1669-2024.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/1669/2024/tc-18-1669-2024.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(14.223,14.223,66.318,66.318) |
geographic |
Gruben |
geographic_facet |
Gruben |
genre |
Ice International Permafrost Association permafrost The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Ice International Permafrost Association permafrost The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
The Cryosphere -- ˜Theœ Cryosphere -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2393169 -- http://www.the-cryosphere.net/ -- 1994-0424 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1669-2024 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00072759 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00070955/tc-18-1669-2024.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/1669/2024/tc-18-1669-2024.pdf |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1669-2024 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1669 |
op_container_end_page |
1683 |
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1798847268072194048 |