Grain growth of ice doped with soluble impurities
The grain size of polycrystalline ice affects key parameters related to the dynamics of ice masses, such as the rheological and dielectric properties of terrestrial ice as well as the ice shells of icy satellites. To investigate the effect of soluble impurities on the grain-growth kinetics of polycr...
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00072104 2024-04-14T08:20:23+00:00 Grain growth of ice doped with soluble impurities Wang, Qinyu Fan, Sheng Qi, Chao 2024-03 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1053-2024 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00072104 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00070331/tc-18-1053-2024.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/1053/2024/tc-18-1053-2024.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications The Cryosphere -- ˜Theœ Cryosphere -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2393169 -- http://www.the-cryosphere.net/ -- 1994-0424 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1053-2024 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00072104 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00070331/tc-18-1053-2024.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/1053/2024/tc-18-1053-2024.pdf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2024 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1053-2024 2024-03-19T12:18:16Z The grain size of polycrystalline ice affects key parameters related to the dynamics of ice masses, such as the rheological and dielectric properties of terrestrial ice as well as the ice shells of icy satellites. To investigate the effect of soluble impurities on the grain-growth kinetics of polycrystalline ice, we conducted annealing experiments on polycrystalline ice samples doped with different concentrations of KCl (10−2, 10−3, 10−4 and 10−5 mol L−1) or MgSO4 (10−2 and 10−5 mol L−1). Samples were annealed for a maximum of 100 h at a hydrostatic confining pressure of 20 MPa (corresponding to a depth of about 2 km) and different constant temperatures of 268, 263, 258 and 253 K (corresponding to −5, −10, −15 and −20 °C, respectively). After each experiment, images of a polished sample surface were obtained using an optical microscope equipped with a cold stage. With grain boundaries detected, grains were reconstructed from the images, and an average grain size was determined for each sample. Normal grain growth occurred in all samples. Grain-size data are interpreted using the following grain-growth model: dn-d0n=kt (d: grain size; d0: starting grain size; n: grain-growth exponent; k: growth constant; t: duration). Values of the best-fit grain-growth exponent, n, for all samples range from 2.6 to 6.2, with an average value of 4.7. Pure ice exhibits 3.1 ⩽n⩽ 4.6, with an average value of 3.8. Above the eutectic point, soluble impurities enhance grain growth, as a melt phase is formed, and it could provide a fast diffusion pathway. Below the eutectic point, soluble impurities impede grain growth probably via the formation of salt hydrates that could pin the grain boundaries. Close to the eutectic point, the grain growth of doped ice is similar to pure ice. Natural ice is impure, often containing air bubbles and soluble impurities, and is usually subjected to a hydrostatic pressure. Our data set will provide new insights into the evolution of grain size within and the dynamics of natural ice masses. Article in Journal/Newspaper The Cryosphere Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA The Cryosphere 18 3 1053 1084 |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Wang, Qinyu Fan, Sheng Qi, Chao Grain growth of ice doped with soluble impurities |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
The grain size of polycrystalline ice affects key parameters related to the dynamics of ice masses, such as the rheological and dielectric properties of terrestrial ice as well as the ice shells of icy satellites. To investigate the effect of soluble impurities on the grain-growth kinetics of polycrystalline ice, we conducted annealing experiments on polycrystalline ice samples doped with different concentrations of KCl (10−2, 10−3, 10−4 and 10−5 mol L−1) or MgSO4 (10−2 and 10−5 mol L−1). Samples were annealed for a maximum of 100 h at a hydrostatic confining pressure of 20 MPa (corresponding to a depth of about 2 km) and different constant temperatures of 268, 263, 258 and 253 K (corresponding to −5, −10, −15 and −20 °C, respectively). After each experiment, images of a polished sample surface were obtained using an optical microscope equipped with a cold stage. With grain boundaries detected, grains were reconstructed from the images, and an average grain size was determined for each sample. Normal grain growth occurred in all samples. Grain-size data are interpreted using the following grain-growth model: dn-d0n=kt (d: grain size; d0: starting grain size; n: grain-growth exponent; k: growth constant; t: duration). Values of the best-fit grain-growth exponent, n, for all samples range from 2.6 to 6.2, with an average value of 4.7. Pure ice exhibits 3.1 ⩽n⩽ 4.6, with an average value of 3.8. Above the eutectic point, soluble impurities enhance grain growth, as a melt phase is formed, and it could provide a fast diffusion pathway. Below the eutectic point, soluble impurities impede grain growth probably via the formation of salt hydrates that could pin the grain boundaries. Close to the eutectic point, the grain growth of doped ice is similar to pure ice. Natural ice is impure, often containing air bubbles and soluble impurities, and is usually subjected to a hydrostatic pressure. Our data set will provide new insights into the evolution of grain size within and the dynamics of natural ice masses. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wang, Qinyu Fan, Sheng Qi, Chao |
author_facet |
Wang, Qinyu Fan, Sheng Qi, Chao |
author_sort |
Wang, Qinyu |
title |
Grain growth of ice doped with soluble impurities |
title_short |
Grain growth of ice doped with soluble impurities |
title_full |
Grain growth of ice doped with soluble impurities |
title_fullStr |
Grain growth of ice doped with soluble impurities |
title_full_unstemmed |
Grain growth of ice doped with soluble impurities |
title_sort |
grain growth of ice doped with soluble impurities |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1053-2024 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00072104 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00070331/tc-18-1053-2024.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/1053/2024/tc-18-1053-2024.pdf |
genre |
The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
The Cryosphere -- ˜Theœ Cryosphere -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2393169 -- http://www.the-cryosphere.net/ -- 1994-0424 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1053-2024 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00072104 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00070331/tc-18-1053-2024.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/1053/2024/tc-18-1053-2024.pdf |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-1053-2024 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
18 |
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3 |
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1053 |
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1084 |
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1796298659813392384 |