Control of the temperature signal in Antarctic proxies by snowfall dynamics

• Main Authors: Servettaz, Aymeric P. M., Agosta, Cécile, Kittel, Christoph, Orsi, Anaïs J.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Copernicus Publications 2023
• Subjects: article; Verlagsveröffentlichung; Antarctic; Antarc*; Antarctica; Ice Sheet
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1903; https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00068495; https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00066922/egusphere-2023-1903.pdf; https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-1903/egusphere-2023-1903.pdf

Antarctica, the coldest and driest continent, is home to the largest ice sheet, whose mass is predominantly recharged by snowfall. A common feature of polar regions is the warming associated with snowfall, as moist oceanic air and cloud cover increase the surface temperature. Consequently, snow accumulated onto the ice sheet is deposited under unusually warm conditions. Here we use a polar-oriented regional atmospheric model to study the statistical difference between average and snowfall-weighted temperatures. During snowfall, the warm anomaly scales with snowfall amount, with strongest sensitivity at low accumulation sites. Heavier snowfall in winter contributes to cool the annual snowfall-weighted temperature, but this effect is overwritten by the event-scale warming associated with precipitating atmospheric systems, which particularly contrast with the extremely cold conditions in winter. Consequently, the seasonal range of snowfall-weighted temperature is reduced by 20 %. On the other hand, annual snowfall-weighted temperature shows 80 % more interannual variability than annual temperature, due to irregularity of snowfall occurrence and their associated temperature anomaly. Disturbance in apparent annual temperature cycle and interannual variability have important consequences for the interpretation of water isotopes in precipitation, which are deposited with snowfall and commonly used for paleo-temperature reconstructions from ice cores.