Deconstruction of tropospheric chemical reactivity using aircraft measurements: the Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) data

• Published in: Earth System Science Data
• Main Authors: Prather, Michael J., Guo, Hao, Zhu, Xin
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Copernicus Publications 2023
• Subjects: article; Verlagsveröffentlichung; Arctic; Pacific; Southern Ocean; Antarc*; Antarctica; Arctic Basin
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3299-2023; https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00067942; https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00066382/essd-15-3299-2023.pdf; https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/15/3299/2023/essd-15-3299-2023.pdf

The NASA Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) completed four seasonal deployments (August 2016, February 2017, October 2017, May 2018), each with regular 0.2–12 km profiling by transecting the remote Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean basins. Additional data were also acquired for the Southern Ocean, the Arctic basin, and two flights over Antarctica. ATom in situ measurements provide a near-complete chemical characterization of the ∼ 140 000 10 s (80 m by 2 km) air parcels measured along the flight path. This paper presents the Modeling Data Stream (MDS), a continuous gap-filled record of the 10 s parcels containing the chemical species needed to initialize a gas-phase chemistry model for the budgets of tropospheric ozone and methane. Global 3D models have been used to calculate the Reactivity Data Stream (RDS), which is comprised of the chemical reactivities (production and loss) for methane, ozone, and carbon monoxide, through 24 h integration of the 10 s parcels. These parcels accurately sample tropospheric heterogeneity and allow us to partially deconstruct the spatial scales and variability that define tropospheric chemistry from composition to reactions. This paper provides a first look at and analysis of the up-to-date MDS and RDS data including all four deployments (Prather et al., 2023, https://doi.org/10.7280/D1B12H). ATom's regular profiling of the ocean basins allows for weighted averages to build probability densities for the key species and reactivities presented here. These statistics provide climatological metrics for global chemistry models, e.g., the large-scale pattern of ozone and methane loss in the lower troposphere and the more sporadic hotspots of ozone production in the upper troposphere. The profiling curtains of reactivity also identify meteorologically variable and hence deployment-specific hotspots of photochemical activity. Added calculations of the sensitivities of the production and loss terms relative to each species emphasize the few dominant species that control the ozone and ...