Geophysical measurements of the southernmost microglacier in Europe suggest permafrost occurrence in the Pirin Mountains (Bulgaria)
There are no large glaciers in the territory of Bulgaria, but small patches of snow and firn have been observed in the high mountains at the end of summer. Perennial snow patches and microglaciers are considered indicators of permafrost occurrence. The results from the first detailed geophysical inv...
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Copernicus Publications
2022
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00063802 2023-05-15T17:56:55+02:00 Geophysical measurements of the southernmost microglacier in Europe suggest permafrost occurrence in the Pirin Mountains (Bulgaria) Georgieva, Gergana Tzankov, Christian Kisyov, Atanas 2022-12 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4847-2022 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00063802 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00062760/tc-16-4847-2022.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/4847/2022/tc-16-4847-2022.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications The Cryosphere -- ˜Theœ Cryosphere -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2393169 -- http://www.the-cryosphere.net/ -- 1994-0424 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4847-2022 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00063802 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00062760/tc-16-4847-2022.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/4847/2022/tc-16-4847-2022.pdf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2022 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4847-2022 2022-12-12T00:12:47Z There are no large glaciers in the territory of Bulgaria, but small patches of snow and firn have been observed in the high mountains at the end of summer. Perennial snow patches and microglaciers are considered indicators of permafrost occurrence. The results from the first detailed geophysical investigations of the Snezhnika glacieret, considered to be the southernmost microglacier in Europe, situated in the Golyam Kazan cirque, Pirin Mountains, Bulgaria, are presented in the paper. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) were used to estimate the thickness of the microglacier as well as its subsurface structure. Measurements started in 2018 and continued over the next 2 years in order to assess changes in its size and thickness. The mean thickness of Snezhnika is about 4–6 m, reaching 8 m or probably more in some areas. ERT measurements of the deeper parts of the microglacier beds show high electrical resistivities reaching over 60 000 Ωm at a depth of 4–10 m. An anomaly at this depth is likewise distinguishable on the GPR profiles. These anomalies are interpreted as permafrost areas and were consistently observed on the ERT and GPR profiles in the 2 years of the study. These results imply for the first time the existence of permafrost in the Pirin Mountains and in Bulgaria. Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost The Cryosphere Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA The Cryosphere 16 12 4847 4863 |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Georgieva, Gergana Tzankov, Christian Kisyov, Atanas Geophysical measurements of the southernmost microglacier in Europe suggest permafrost occurrence in the Pirin Mountains (Bulgaria) |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
There are no large glaciers in the territory of Bulgaria, but small patches of snow and firn have been observed in the high mountains at the end of summer. Perennial snow patches and microglaciers are considered indicators of permafrost occurrence. The results from the first detailed geophysical investigations of the Snezhnika glacieret, considered to be the southernmost microglacier in Europe, situated in the Golyam Kazan cirque, Pirin Mountains, Bulgaria, are presented in the paper. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) were used to estimate the thickness of the microglacier as well as its subsurface structure. Measurements started in 2018 and continued over the next 2 years in order to assess changes in its size and thickness. The mean thickness of Snezhnika is about 4–6 m, reaching 8 m or probably more in some areas. ERT measurements of the deeper parts of the microglacier beds show high electrical resistivities reaching over 60 000 Ωm at a depth of 4–10 m. An anomaly at this depth is likewise distinguishable on the GPR profiles. These anomalies are interpreted as permafrost areas and were consistently observed on the ERT and GPR profiles in the 2 years of the study. These results imply for the first time the existence of permafrost in the Pirin Mountains and in Bulgaria. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Georgieva, Gergana Tzankov, Christian Kisyov, Atanas |
author_facet |
Georgieva, Gergana Tzankov, Christian Kisyov, Atanas |
author_sort |
Georgieva, Gergana |
title |
Geophysical measurements of the southernmost microglacier in Europe suggest permafrost occurrence in the Pirin Mountains (Bulgaria) |
title_short |
Geophysical measurements of the southernmost microglacier in Europe suggest permafrost occurrence in the Pirin Mountains (Bulgaria) |
title_full |
Geophysical measurements of the southernmost microglacier in Europe suggest permafrost occurrence in the Pirin Mountains (Bulgaria) |
title_fullStr |
Geophysical measurements of the southernmost microglacier in Europe suggest permafrost occurrence in the Pirin Mountains (Bulgaria) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Geophysical measurements of the southernmost microglacier in Europe suggest permafrost occurrence in the Pirin Mountains (Bulgaria) |
title_sort |
geophysical measurements of the southernmost microglacier in europe suggest permafrost occurrence in the pirin mountains (bulgaria) |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4847-2022 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00063802 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00062760/tc-16-4847-2022.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/4847/2022/tc-16-4847-2022.pdf |
genre |
permafrost The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
permafrost The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
The Cryosphere -- ˜Theœ Cryosphere -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2393169 -- http://www.the-cryosphere.net/ -- 1994-0424 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4847-2022 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00063802 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00062760/tc-16-4847-2022.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/4847/2022/tc-16-4847-2022.pdf |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4847-2022 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
4847 |
op_container_end_page |
4863 |
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