Global distribution and variability of subsurface chlorophyll a concentrations
Chlorophyll a (Chl a) often exhibits a maximum concentration in the subsurface layer rather that at the surface. The depth of the Chl a maximum primarily depends on the balance between light penetration from the surface and the nutrient supply from the deep ocean. However, a global map of subsurface...
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Copernicus Publications
2022
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00060262 2023-05-15T18:25:53+02:00 Global distribution and variability of subsurface chlorophyll a concentrations Yasunaka, Sayaka Ono, Tsuneo Sasaoka, Kosei Sato, Kanako 2022-02 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-255-2022 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00060262 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00059909/os-18-255-2022.pdf https://os.copernicus.org/articles/18/255/2022/os-18-255-2022.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Ocean Science -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2183769 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/os/os.html -- 1812-0792 https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-255-2022 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00060262 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00059909/os-18-255-2022.pdf https://os.copernicus.org/articles/18/255/2022/os-18-255-2022.pdf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2022 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-255-2022 2022-02-28T00:09:07Z Chlorophyll a (Chl a) often exhibits a maximum concentration in the subsurface layer rather that at the surface. The depth of the Chl a maximum primarily depends on the balance between light penetration from the surface and the nutrient supply from the deep ocean. However, a global map of subsurface Chl a concentrations based on observations has not been presented yet. In this study, we integrate Chl a concentration data from recent biogeochemical floats and historical ship-based (and other) observations and present global maps of subsurface Chl a concentrations with related variables. The subsurface Chl a maximum was observed globally throughout the oceans: at depths greater than 80 m in the subtropics and tropics (30∘ S to 30∘ N); in the 40–80 m depth range in the tropics, in the Southern Ocean (south of 40∘ S), and at the midlatitudes (30–40∘ N/S) in the North Pacific; and at depths of less than 40 m in the northern subarctic (north of 40∘ N). The observed maxima all lie below the mixed-layer depth for the entire year in the subtropics and tropics and during summer in the midlatitudes and the northern subarctic. The depths of the subsurface Chl a maxima are greater than those of the photosynthetically active layer in the subtropics but shallower in the tropics and midlatitudes. In the subtropics, a seasonal increase in oxygen below the mixed layer implies substantial new biological production, which corresponds to 10 % of the net primary production in that region. During El Niño, subsurface Chl a concentrations are higher in the middle and eastern equatorial Pacific but lower to the west in comparison with La Niña, a pattern which is opposite to that on the surface. The spatiotemporal variability of the Chl a concentrations described here has implications to not only for the biogeochemical cycling in the ocean but also for understanding the thermal structure and dynamics of the ocean via absorption of shortwave radiation. Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean Subarctic Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Pacific Southern Ocean Ocean Science 18 1 255 268 |
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Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA |
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English |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Yasunaka, Sayaka Ono, Tsuneo Sasaoka, Kosei Sato, Kanako Global distribution and variability of subsurface chlorophyll a concentrations |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
Chlorophyll a (Chl a) often exhibits a maximum concentration in the subsurface layer rather that at the surface. The depth of the Chl a maximum primarily depends on the balance between light penetration from the surface and the nutrient supply from the deep ocean. However, a global map of subsurface Chl a concentrations based on observations has not been presented yet. In this study, we integrate Chl a concentration data from recent biogeochemical floats and historical ship-based (and other) observations and present global maps of subsurface Chl a concentrations with related variables. The subsurface Chl a maximum was observed globally throughout the oceans: at depths greater than 80 m in the subtropics and tropics (30∘ S to 30∘ N); in the 40–80 m depth range in the tropics, in the Southern Ocean (south of 40∘ S), and at the midlatitudes (30–40∘ N/S) in the North Pacific; and at depths of less than 40 m in the northern subarctic (north of 40∘ N). The observed maxima all lie below the mixed-layer depth for the entire year in the subtropics and tropics and during summer in the midlatitudes and the northern subarctic. The depths of the subsurface Chl a maxima are greater than those of the photosynthetically active layer in the subtropics but shallower in the tropics and midlatitudes. In the subtropics, a seasonal increase in oxygen below the mixed layer implies substantial new biological production, which corresponds to 10 % of the net primary production in that region. During El Niño, subsurface Chl a concentrations are higher in the middle and eastern equatorial Pacific but lower to the west in comparison with La Niña, a pattern which is opposite to that on the surface. The spatiotemporal variability of the Chl a concentrations described here has implications to not only for the biogeochemical cycling in the ocean but also for understanding the thermal structure and dynamics of the ocean via absorption of shortwave radiation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yasunaka, Sayaka Ono, Tsuneo Sasaoka, Kosei Sato, Kanako |
author_facet |
Yasunaka, Sayaka Ono, Tsuneo Sasaoka, Kosei Sato, Kanako |
author_sort |
Yasunaka, Sayaka |
title |
Global distribution and variability of subsurface chlorophyll a concentrations |
title_short |
Global distribution and variability of subsurface chlorophyll a concentrations |
title_full |
Global distribution and variability of subsurface chlorophyll a concentrations |
title_fullStr |
Global distribution and variability of subsurface chlorophyll a concentrations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Global distribution and variability of subsurface chlorophyll a concentrations |
title_sort |
global distribution and variability of subsurface chlorophyll a concentrations |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-255-2022 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00060262 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00059909/os-18-255-2022.pdf https://os.copernicus.org/articles/18/255/2022/os-18-255-2022.pdf |
geographic |
Pacific Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Pacific Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean Subarctic |
op_relation |
Ocean Science -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2183769 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/os/os.html -- 1812-0792 https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-255-2022 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00060262 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00059909/os-18-255-2022.pdf https://os.copernicus.org/articles/18/255/2022/os-18-255-2022.pdf |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-255-2022 |
container_title |
Ocean Science |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
255 |
op_container_end_page |
268 |
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1766207581547659264 |