Impacts of the Saharan air layer on the physical properties of the Atlantic tropical cyclone cloud systems: 2003–2019
It is generally known that the tropical cyclone (TC) cloud systems (TCCSs) in the North Atlantic region frequently occur during boreal summer, while the Saharan dust outbreaks occur concurrently. The Sahara air layer (SAL), an elevated layer containing Saharan dry air and mineral dust, has crucial i...
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2021
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00058379 2024-09-15T18:24:25+00:00 Impacts of the Saharan air layer on the physical properties of the Atlantic tropical cyclone cloud systems: 2003–2019 Luo, Hao Han, Yong 2021-10 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15171-2021 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00058379 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00058024/acp-21-15171-2021.pdf https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/15171/2021/acp-21-15171-2021.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics -- http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/volumes_and_issues.html -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2069847 -- 1680-7324 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15171-2021 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00058379 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00058024/acp-21-15171-2021.pdf https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/15171/2021/acp-21-15171-2021.pdf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2021 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15171-2021 2024-06-26T04:36:34Z It is generally known that the tropical cyclone (TC) cloud systems (TCCSs) in the North Atlantic region frequently occur during boreal summer, while the Saharan dust outbreaks occur concurrently. The Sahara air layer (SAL), an elevated layer containing Saharan dry air and mineral dust, has crucial impacts on the generation and evolution of TCs. However, the effects of SAL on the physical (macro and micro) characteristics of the Atlantic TCCSs have not been well constrained, and the interaction mechanisms between them still need further investigation. In this study, our primary interest is to distinguish the various effects of SAL on different intensities of TCs and further find out the probable causes of the varied feedback mechanisms. Therefore, we attempt to identify whether and how the effects of the SAL play a positive or negative role on the TCCSs and to draw a qualitative conclusion on how SAL affects the various intensities of the TCs. This paper focuses on the 70 TC samples from July to September in the years of 2003–2019 to investigate the physical effects of SAL on three intensities of TCs, i.e., the tropical depression (TD), tropical storm (TS), and hurricane (HU). The results show that SAL has a positive impact on the macro properties of HU but significantly suppresses the TD. It appears that the SAL attributes little to the variation of the ice cloud effective radius (CERi) for TS, whereas CERi changes significantly and differentially for TD and HU. When affected by SAL, the probability density function (PDF) curve of CERi generally shifts to the smaller value for TD, whereas the PDF curve becomes flatter for HU. Our analysis indicates that the various responses of TCCSs to SAL are determined by the combined effects of dry air masses, the dust aerosols as ice nuclei, and the thermodynamic and moisture conditions. Based on the observation data analysis, a concept scheme description has been concluded to deepen our recognition of the effects of SAL on the TCCSs. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21 19 15171 15184 |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Luo, Hao Han, Yong Impacts of the Saharan air layer on the physical properties of the Atlantic tropical cyclone cloud systems: 2003–2019 |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
It is generally known that the tropical cyclone (TC) cloud systems (TCCSs) in the North Atlantic region frequently occur during boreal summer, while the Saharan dust outbreaks occur concurrently. The Sahara air layer (SAL), an elevated layer containing Saharan dry air and mineral dust, has crucial impacts on the generation and evolution of TCs. However, the effects of SAL on the physical (macro and micro) characteristics of the Atlantic TCCSs have not been well constrained, and the interaction mechanisms between them still need further investigation. In this study, our primary interest is to distinguish the various effects of SAL on different intensities of TCs and further find out the probable causes of the varied feedback mechanisms. Therefore, we attempt to identify whether and how the effects of the SAL play a positive or negative role on the TCCSs and to draw a qualitative conclusion on how SAL affects the various intensities of the TCs. This paper focuses on the 70 TC samples from July to September in the years of 2003–2019 to investigate the physical effects of SAL on three intensities of TCs, i.e., the tropical depression (TD), tropical storm (TS), and hurricane (HU). The results show that SAL has a positive impact on the macro properties of HU but significantly suppresses the TD. It appears that the SAL attributes little to the variation of the ice cloud effective radius (CERi) for TS, whereas CERi changes significantly and differentially for TD and HU. When affected by SAL, the probability density function (PDF) curve of CERi generally shifts to the smaller value for TD, whereas the PDF curve becomes flatter for HU. Our analysis indicates that the various responses of TCCSs to SAL are determined by the combined effects of dry air masses, the dust aerosols as ice nuclei, and the thermodynamic and moisture conditions. Based on the observation data analysis, a concept scheme description has been concluded to deepen our recognition of the effects of SAL on the TCCSs. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Luo, Hao Han, Yong |
author_facet |
Luo, Hao Han, Yong |
author_sort |
Luo, Hao |
title |
Impacts of the Saharan air layer on the physical properties of the Atlantic tropical cyclone cloud systems: 2003–2019 |
title_short |
Impacts of the Saharan air layer on the physical properties of the Atlantic tropical cyclone cloud systems: 2003–2019 |
title_full |
Impacts of the Saharan air layer on the physical properties of the Atlantic tropical cyclone cloud systems: 2003–2019 |
title_fullStr |
Impacts of the Saharan air layer on the physical properties of the Atlantic tropical cyclone cloud systems: 2003–2019 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impacts of the Saharan air layer on the physical properties of the Atlantic tropical cyclone cloud systems: 2003–2019 |
title_sort |
impacts of the saharan air layer on the physical properties of the atlantic tropical cyclone cloud systems: 2003–2019 |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15171-2021 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00058379 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00058024/acp-21-15171-2021.pdf https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/15171/2021/acp-21-15171-2021.pdf |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics -- http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/volumes_and_issues.html -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2069847 -- 1680-7324 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15171-2021 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00058379 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00058024/acp-21-15171-2021.pdf https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/15171/2021/acp-21-15171-2021.pdf |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15171-2021 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
21 |
container_issue |
19 |
container_start_page |
15171 |
op_container_end_page |
15184 |
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1810464765163601920 |