Ocean carbon cycle feedbacks in CMIP6 models: contributions from different basins
The ocean response to carbon emissions involves the combined effect of an increase in atmospheric CO2, acting to enhance the ocean carbon storage, and climate change, acting to decrease the ocean carbon storage. This ocean response can be characterised in terms of a carbon–concentration feedback and...
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Copernicus Publications
2021
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00056742 2023-05-15T14:59:05+02:00 Ocean carbon cycle feedbacks in CMIP6 models: contributions from different basins Katavouta, Anna Williams, Richard G. 2021-05 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3189-2021 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00056742 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00056392/bg-18-3189-2021.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/18/3189/2021/bg-18-3189-2021.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Biogeosciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2158181 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg/bg.html -- 1726-4189 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3189-2021 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00056742 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00056392/bg-18-3189-2021.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/18/3189/2021/bg-18-3189-2021.pdf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2021 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3189-2021 2022-02-08T22:33:55Z The ocean response to carbon emissions involves the combined effect of an increase in atmospheric CO2, acting to enhance the ocean carbon storage, and climate change, acting to decrease the ocean carbon storage. This ocean response can be characterised in terms of a carbon–concentration feedback and a carbon–climate feedback. The contribution from different ocean basins to these feedbacks on centennial timescales is explored using diagnostics of ocean carbonate chemistry, physical ventilation and biological processes in 11 CMIP6 Earth system models. To gain mechanistic insight, the dependence of these feedbacks on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is also investigated in an idealised climate model and the CMIP6 models. For the carbon–concentration feedback, the Atlantic, Pacific and Southern oceans provide comparable contributions when estimated in terms of the volume-integrated carbon storage. This large contribution from the Atlantic Ocean relative to its size is due to strong local physical ventilation and an influx of carbon transported from the Southern Ocean. The Southern Ocean has large anthropogenic carbon uptake from the atmosphere, but its contribution to the carbon storage is relatively small due to large carbon transport to the other basins. For the carbon–climate feedback estimated in terms of carbon storage, the Atlantic and Arctic oceans provide the largest contributions relative to their size. In the Atlantic, this large contribution is primarily due to climate change acting to reduce the physical ventilation. In the Arctic, this large contribution is associated with a large warming per unit volume. The Southern Ocean provides a relatively small contribution to the carbon–climate feedback, due to competition between the climate effects of a decrease in solubility and physical ventilation and an increase in accumulation of regenerated carbon. The more poorly ventilated Indo-Pacific Ocean provides a small contribution to the carbon cycle feedbacks relative to its size. In the Atlantic Ocean, the carbon cycle feedbacks strongly depend on the AMOC strength and its weakening with warming. In the Arctic, there is a moderate correlation between the AMOC weakening and the carbon–climate feedback that is related to changes in carbonate chemistry. In the Pacific, Indian and Southern oceans, there is no clear correlation between the AMOC and the carbon cycle feedbacks, suggesting that other processes control the ocean ventilation and carbon storage there. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Southern Ocean Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Arctic Indian Pacific Southern Ocean Biogeosciences 18 10 3189 3218 |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Katavouta, Anna Williams, Richard G. Ocean carbon cycle feedbacks in CMIP6 models: contributions from different basins |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
The ocean response to carbon emissions involves the combined effect of an increase in atmospheric CO2, acting to enhance the ocean carbon storage, and climate change, acting to decrease the ocean carbon storage. This ocean response can be characterised in terms of a carbon–concentration feedback and a carbon–climate feedback. The contribution from different ocean basins to these feedbacks on centennial timescales is explored using diagnostics of ocean carbonate chemistry, physical ventilation and biological processes in 11 CMIP6 Earth system models. To gain mechanistic insight, the dependence of these feedbacks on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is also investigated in an idealised climate model and the CMIP6 models. For the carbon–concentration feedback, the Atlantic, Pacific and Southern oceans provide comparable contributions when estimated in terms of the volume-integrated carbon storage. This large contribution from the Atlantic Ocean relative to its size is due to strong local physical ventilation and an influx of carbon transported from the Southern Ocean. The Southern Ocean has large anthropogenic carbon uptake from the atmosphere, but its contribution to the carbon storage is relatively small due to large carbon transport to the other basins. For the carbon–climate feedback estimated in terms of carbon storage, the Atlantic and Arctic oceans provide the largest contributions relative to their size. In the Atlantic, this large contribution is primarily due to climate change acting to reduce the physical ventilation. In the Arctic, this large contribution is associated with a large warming per unit volume. The Southern Ocean provides a relatively small contribution to the carbon–climate feedback, due to competition between the climate effects of a decrease in solubility and physical ventilation and an increase in accumulation of regenerated carbon. The more poorly ventilated Indo-Pacific Ocean provides a small contribution to the carbon cycle feedbacks relative to its size. In the Atlantic Ocean, the carbon cycle feedbacks strongly depend on the AMOC strength and its weakening with warming. In the Arctic, there is a moderate correlation between the AMOC weakening and the carbon–climate feedback that is related to changes in carbonate chemistry. In the Pacific, Indian and Southern oceans, there is no clear correlation between the AMOC and the carbon cycle feedbacks, suggesting that other processes control the ocean ventilation and carbon storage there. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Katavouta, Anna Williams, Richard G. |
author_facet |
Katavouta, Anna Williams, Richard G. |
author_sort |
Katavouta, Anna |
title |
Ocean carbon cycle feedbacks in CMIP6 models: contributions from different basins |
title_short |
Ocean carbon cycle feedbacks in CMIP6 models: contributions from different basins |
title_full |
Ocean carbon cycle feedbacks in CMIP6 models: contributions from different basins |
title_fullStr |
Ocean carbon cycle feedbacks in CMIP6 models: contributions from different basins |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ocean carbon cycle feedbacks in CMIP6 models: contributions from different basins |
title_sort |
ocean carbon cycle feedbacks in cmip6 models: contributions from different basins |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3189-2021 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00056742 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00056392/bg-18-3189-2021.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/18/3189/2021/bg-18-3189-2021.pdf |
geographic |
Arctic Indian Pacific Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Indian Pacific Southern Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
Biogeosciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2158181 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg/bg.html -- 1726-4189 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3189-2021 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00056742 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00056392/bg-18-3189-2021.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/18/3189/2021/bg-18-3189-2021.pdf |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3189-2021 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
3189 |
op_container_end_page |
3218 |
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1766331223958880256 |