Chemical composition and source attribution of sub-micrometre aerosol particles in the summertime Arctic lower troposphere
Aerosol particles impact the Arctic climate system both directly and indirectly by modifying cloud properties, yet our understanding of their vertical distribution, chemical composition, mixing state, and sources in the summertime Arctic is incomplete. In situ vertical observations of particle prope...
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Köllner, Franziska Schneider, Johannes Willis, Megan D. Schulz, Hannes Kunkel, Daniel Bozem, Heiko Hoor, Peter Klimach, Thomas Helleis, Frank Burkart, Julia Leaitch, W. Richard Aliabadi, Amir A. Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. Herber, Andreas B. Borrmann, Stephan Chemical composition and source attribution of sub-micrometre aerosol particles in the summertime Arctic lower troposphere |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
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Aerosol particles impact the Arctic climate system both directly and indirectly by modifying cloud properties, yet our understanding of their vertical distribution, chemical composition, mixing state, and sources in the summertime Arctic is incomplete. In situ vertical observations of particle properties in the high Arctic combined with modelling analysis on source attribution are in short supply, particularly during summer. We thus use airborne measurements of aerosol particle composition to demonstrate the strong contrast between particle sources and composition within and above the summertime Arctic boundary layer. In situ measurements from two complementary aerosol mass spectrometers, the Aircraft-based Laser Ablation Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (ALABAMA) and an Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS), are presented alongside black carbon measurements from an single particle soot photometer (SP2). Particle composition analysis was complemented by trace gas measurements, satellite data, and air mass history modelling to attribute particle properties to particle origin and air mass source regions. Particle composition above the summertime Arctic boundary layer was dominated by chemically aged particles, containing elemental carbon, nitrate, ammonium, sulfate, and organic matter. From our analysis, we conclude that the presence of these particles was driven by transport of aerosol and precursor gases from mid-latitudes to Arctic regions. Specifically, elevated concentrations of nitrate, ammonium, and organic matter coincided with time spent over vegetation fires in northern Canada. In parallel, those particles were largely present in high CO environments (> 90 ppbv). Additionally, we observed that the organic-to-sulfate ratio was enhanced with increasing influence from these fires. Besides vegetation fires, particle sources in mid-latitudes further include anthropogenic emissions in Europe, North America, and East Asia. The presence of particles in the Arctic lower free troposphere, particularly sulfate, correlated with time spent over populated and industrial areas in these regions. Further, the size distribution of free tropospheric particles containing elemental carbon and nitrate was shifted to larger diameters compared to particles present within the boundary layer. Moreover, our analysis suggests that organic matter, when present in the Arctic free troposphere, can partly be identified as low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids (oxalic, malonic, and succinic acid). Particles containing dicarboxylic acids were largely present when the residence time of air masses outside Arctic regions was high. In contrast, particle composition within the marine boundary layer was largely driven by Arctic regional processes. Air mass history modelling demonstrated that alongside primary sea spray particles, marine biogenic sources contributed to secondary aerosol formation via trimethylamine, methanesulfonic acid, sulfate, and other organic species. Our findings improve our knowledge of mid-latitude and Arctic regional sources that influence the vertical distribution of particle chemical composition and mixing state in the Arctic summer. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Köllner, Franziska Schneider, Johannes Willis, Megan D. Schulz, Hannes Kunkel, Daniel Bozem, Heiko Hoor, Peter Klimach, Thomas Helleis, Frank Burkart, Julia Leaitch, W. Richard Aliabadi, Amir A. Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. Herber, Andreas B. Borrmann, Stephan |
author_facet |
Köllner, Franziska Schneider, Johannes Willis, Megan D. Schulz, Hannes Kunkel, Daniel Bozem, Heiko Hoor, Peter Klimach, Thomas Helleis, Frank Burkart, Julia Leaitch, W. Richard Aliabadi, Amir A. Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. Herber, Andreas B. Borrmann, Stephan |
author_sort |
Köllner, Franziska |
title |
Chemical composition and source attribution of sub-micrometre aerosol particles in the summertime Arctic lower troposphere |
title_short |
Chemical composition and source attribution of sub-micrometre aerosol particles in the summertime Arctic lower troposphere |
title_full |
Chemical composition and source attribution of sub-micrometre aerosol particles in the summertime Arctic lower troposphere |
title_fullStr |
Chemical composition and source attribution of sub-micrometre aerosol particles in the summertime Arctic lower troposphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chemical composition and source attribution of sub-micrometre aerosol particles in the summertime Arctic lower troposphere |
title_sort |
chemical composition and source attribution of sub-micrometre aerosol particles in the summertime arctic lower troposphere |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6509-2021 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00056436 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00056087/acp-21-6509-2021.pdf https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/6509/2021/acp-21-6509-2021.pdf |
geographic |
Alabama Arctic Canada |
geographic_facet |
Alabama Arctic Canada |
genre |
Arctic black carbon |
genre_facet |
Arctic black carbon |
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Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics -- http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/volumes_and_issues.html -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2069847 -- 1680-7324 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6509-2021 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00056436 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00056087/acp-21-6509-2021.pdf https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/6509/2021/acp-21-6509-2021.pdf |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6509-2021 |
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Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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21 |
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8 |
container_start_page |
6509 |
op_container_end_page |
6539 |
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1766307632458498048 |
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00056436 2023-05-15T14:34:38+02:00 Chemical composition and source attribution of sub-micrometre aerosol particles in the summertime Arctic lower troposphere Köllner, Franziska Schneider, Johannes Willis, Megan D. Schulz, Hannes Kunkel, Daniel Bozem, Heiko Hoor, Peter Klimach, Thomas Helleis, Frank Burkart, Julia Leaitch, W. Richard Aliabadi, Amir A. Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. Herber, Andreas B. Borrmann, Stephan 2021-04 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6509-2021 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00056436 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00056087/acp-21-6509-2021.pdf https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/6509/2021/acp-21-6509-2021.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics -- http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/volumes_and_issues.html -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2069847 -- 1680-7324 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6509-2021 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00056436 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00056087/acp-21-6509-2021.pdf https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/6509/2021/acp-21-6509-2021.pdf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2021 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6509-2021 2022-02-08T22:34:02Z Aerosol particles impact the Arctic climate system both directly and indirectly by modifying cloud properties, yet our understanding of their vertical distribution, chemical composition, mixing state, and sources in the summertime Arctic is incomplete. In situ vertical observations of particle properties in the high Arctic combined with modelling analysis on source attribution are in short supply, particularly during summer. We thus use airborne measurements of aerosol particle composition to demonstrate the strong contrast between particle sources and composition within and above the summertime Arctic boundary layer. In situ measurements from two complementary aerosol mass spectrometers, the Aircraft-based Laser Ablation Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (ALABAMA) and an Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS), are presented alongside black carbon measurements from an single particle soot photometer (SP2). Particle composition analysis was complemented by trace gas measurements, satellite data, and air mass history modelling to attribute particle properties to particle origin and air mass source regions. Particle composition above the summertime Arctic boundary layer was dominated by chemically aged particles, containing elemental carbon, nitrate, ammonium, sulfate, and organic matter. From our analysis, we conclude that the presence of these particles was driven by transport of aerosol and precursor gases from mid-latitudes to Arctic regions. Specifically, elevated concentrations of nitrate, ammonium, and organic matter coincided with time spent over vegetation fires in northern Canada. In parallel, those particles were largely present in high CO environments (> 90 ppbv). Additionally, we observed that the organic-to-sulfate ratio was enhanced with increasing influence from these fires. Besides vegetation fires, particle sources in mid-latitudes further include anthropogenic emissions in Europe, North America, and East Asia. The presence of particles in the Arctic lower free troposphere, particularly sulfate, correlated with time spent over populated and industrial areas in these regions. Further, the size distribution of free tropospheric particles containing elemental carbon and nitrate was shifted to larger diameters compared to particles present within the boundary layer. Moreover, our analysis suggests that organic matter, when present in the Arctic free troposphere, can partly be identified as low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids (oxalic, malonic, and succinic acid). Particles containing dicarboxylic acids were largely present when the residence time of air masses outside Arctic regions was high. In contrast, particle composition within the marine boundary layer was largely driven by Arctic regional processes. Air mass history modelling demonstrated that alongside primary sea spray particles, marine biogenic sources contributed to secondary aerosol formation via trimethylamine, methanesulfonic acid, sulfate, and other organic species. Our findings improve our knowledge of mid-latitude and Arctic regional sources that influence the vertical distribution of particle chemical composition and mixing state in the Arctic summer. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic black carbon Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Alabama Arctic Canada Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21 8 6509 6539 |