Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium
The climate of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) is strongly influenced by variations in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Because of the limited length of instrumental records in most parts of the SH, very little is known about the relationship between these tw...
Published in: | Climate of the Past |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00051312 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00050968/cp-16-743-2020.pdf https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/16/743/2020/cp-16-743-2020.pdf |
id |
ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00051312 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00051312 2023-05-15T13:24:07+02:00 Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium Dätwyler, Christoph Grosjean, Martin Steiger, Nathan J. Neukom, Raphael 2020-04 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00051312 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00050968/cp-16-743-2020.pdf https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/16/743/2020/cp-16-743-2020.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Climate of the Past -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/cp/cp/published_papers.html -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2217985 -- 1814-9332 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00051312 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00050968/cp-16-743-2020.pdf https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/16/743/2020/cp-16-743-2020.pdf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2020 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020 2022-02-08T22:36:29Z The climate of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) is strongly influenced by variations in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Because of the limited length of instrumental records in most parts of the SH, very little is known about the relationship between these two key modes of variability over time. Using proxy-based reconstructions and last-millennium climate model simulations, we find that ENSO and SAM indices are mostly negatively correlated over the past millennium. Pseudo-proxy experiments indicate that currently available proxy records are able to reliably capture ENSO–SAM relationships back to at least 1600 CE. Palaeoclimate reconstructions show mostly negative correlations back to about 1400 CE. An ensemble of last-millennium climate model simulations confirms this negative correlation, showing a stable correlation of approximately −0.3. Despite this generally negative relationship we do find intermittent periods of positive ENSO–SAM correlations in individual model simulations and in the palaeoclimate reconstructions. We do not find evidence that these relationship fluctuations are caused by exogenous forcing nor by a consistent climate pattern. However, we do find evidence that strong negative correlations are associated with strong positive (negative) anomalies in the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation and the Amundsen Sea Low during periods when SAM and ENSO indices are of opposite (equal) sign. Article in Journal/Newspaper Amundsen Sea Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Amundsen Sea Pacific Climate of the Past 16 2 743 756 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA |
op_collection_id |
ftnonlinearchiv |
language |
English |
topic |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
spellingShingle |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung Dätwyler, Christoph Grosjean, Martin Steiger, Nathan J. Neukom, Raphael Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
The climate of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) is strongly influenced by variations in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Because of the limited length of instrumental records in most parts of the SH, very little is known about the relationship between these two key modes of variability over time. Using proxy-based reconstructions and last-millennium climate model simulations, we find that ENSO and SAM indices are mostly negatively correlated over the past millennium. Pseudo-proxy experiments indicate that currently available proxy records are able to reliably capture ENSO–SAM relationships back to at least 1600 CE. Palaeoclimate reconstructions show mostly negative correlations back to about 1400 CE. An ensemble of last-millennium climate model simulations confirms this negative correlation, showing a stable correlation of approximately −0.3. Despite this generally negative relationship we do find intermittent periods of positive ENSO–SAM correlations in individual model simulations and in the palaeoclimate reconstructions. We do not find evidence that these relationship fluctuations are caused by exogenous forcing nor by a consistent climate pattern. However, we do find evidence that strong negative correlations are associated with strong positive (negative) anomalies in the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation and the Amundsen Sea Low during periods when SAM and ENSO indices are of opposite (equal) sign. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Dätwyler, Christoph Grosjean, Martin Steiger, Nathan J. Neukom, Raphael |
author_facet |
Dätwyler, Christoph Grosjean, Martin Steiger, Nathan J. Neukom, Raphael |
author_sort |
Dätwyler, Christoph |
title |
Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
title_short |
Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
title_full |
Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
title_fullStr |
Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
title_full_unstemmed |
Teleconnections and relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
title_sort |
teleconnections and relationship between the el niño–southern oscillation (enso) and the southern annular mode (sam) in reconstructions and models over the past millennium |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00051312 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00050968/cp-16-743-2020.pdf https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/16/743/2020/cp-16-743-2020.pdf |
geographic |
Amundsen Sea Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Amundsen Sea Pacific |
genre |
Amundsen Sea |
genre_facet |
Amundsen Sea |
op_relation |
Climate of the Past -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/cp/cp/published_papers.html -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2217985 -- 1814-9332 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00051312 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00050968/cp-16-743-2020.pdf https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/16/743/2020/cp-16-743-2020.pdf |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-743-2020 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
743 |
op_container_end_page |
756 |
_version_ |
1766377565685022720 |