Modeling the evolution of the structural anisotropy of snow
The structural anisotropy of snow characterizes the spatially anisotropic distribution of the ice and air microstructure and is a key parameter for improving parameterizations of physical properties. To enable the use of the anisotropy in snowpack models as an internal variable, we propose a simple...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-51-2020 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00050041 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00049658/tc-14-51-2020.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/14/51/2020/tc-14-51-2020.pdf |
id |
ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00050041 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00050041 2023-05-15T18:20:17+02:00 Modeling the evolution of the structural anisotropy of snow Leinss, Silvan Löwe, Henning Proksch, Martin Kontu, Anna 2020-01 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-51-2020 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00050041 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00049658/tc-14-51-2020.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/14/51/2020/tc-14-51-2020.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications The Cryosphere -- ˜Theœ Cryosphere -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2393169 -- http://www.the-cryosphere.net/ -- 1994-0424 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-51-2020 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00050041 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00049658/tc-14-51-2020.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/14/51/2020/tc-14-51-2020.pdf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2020 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-51-2020 2022-02-08T22:37:02Z The structural anisotropy of snow characterizes the spatially anisotropic distribution of the ice and air microstructure and is a key parameter for improving parameterizations of physical properties. To enable the use of the anisotropy in snowpack models as an internal variable, we propose a simple model based on a rate equation for the temporal evolution. The model is validated with a comprehensive set of anisotropy profiles and time series from X-ray microtomography (CT) and radar measurements. The model includes two effects, namely temperature gradient metamorphism and settling, and can be forced by any snowpack model that predicts temperature and density. First, we use CT time series from lab experiments to validate the proposed effect of temperature gradient metamorphism. Next, we use SNOWPACK simulations to calibrate the model with radar time series from the NoSREx campaigns in Sodankylä, Finland. Finally we compare the simulated anisotropy profiles against field-measured full-depth CT profiles. Our results confirm that the creation of vertical structures is mainly controlled by the vertical water vapor flux through the snow volume. Our results further indicate a yet undocumented effect of snow settling on the creation of horizontal structures. Overall the model is able to reproduce the characteristic anisotropy variations in radar time series of four different winter seasons with a very limited set of calibration parameters. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sodankylä The Cryosphere Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Sodankylä ENVELOPE(26.600,26.600,67.417,67.417) The Cryosphere 14 1 51 75 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA |
op_collection_id |
ftnonlinearchiv |
language |
English |
topic |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
spellingShingle |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung Leinss, Silvan Löwe, Henning Proksch, Martin Kontu, Anna Modeling the evolution of the structural anisotropy of snow |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
The structural anisotropy of snow characterizes the spatially anisotropic distribution of the ice and air microstructure and is a key parameter for improving parameterizations of physical properties. To enable the use of the anisotropy in snowpack models as an internal variable, we propose a simple model based on a rate equation for the temporal evolution. The model is validated with a comprehensive set of anisotropy profiles and time series from X-ray microtomography (CT) and radar measurements. The model includes two effects, namely temperature gradient metamorphism and settling, and can be forced by any snowpack model that predicts temperature and density. First, we use CT time series from lab experiments to validate the proposed effect of temperature gradient metamorphism. Next, we use SNOWPACK simulations to calibrate the model with radar time series from the NoSREx campaigns in Sodankylä, Finland. Finally we compare the simulated anisotropy profiles against field-measured full-depth CT profiles. Our results confirm that the creation of vertical structures is mainly controlled by the vertical water vapor flux through the snow volume. Our results further indicate a yet undocumented effect of snow settling on the creation of horizontal structures. Overall the model is able to reproduce the characteristic anisotropy variations in radar time series of four different winter seasons with a very limited set of calibration parameters. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Leinss, Silvan Löwe, Henning Proksch, Martin Kontu, Anna |
author_facet |
Leinss, Silvan Löwe, Henning Proksch, Martin Kontu, Anna |
author_sort |
Leinss, Silvan |
title |
Modeling the evolution of the structural anisotropy of snow |
title_short |
Modeling the evolution of the structural anisotropy of snow |
title_full |
Modeling the evolution of the structural anisotropy of snow |
title_fullStr |
Modeling the evolution of the structural anisotropy of snow |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling the evolution of the structural anisotropy of snow |
title_sort |
modeling the evolution of the structural anisotropy of snow |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-51-2020 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00050041 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00049658/tc-14-51-2020.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/14/51/2020/tc-14-51-2020.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(26.600,26.600,67.417,67.417) |
geographic |
Sodankylä |
geographic_facet |
Sodankylä |
genre |
Sodankylä The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Sodankylä The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
The Cryosphere -- ˜Theœ Cryosphere -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2393169 -- http://www.the-cryosphere.net/ -- 1994-0424 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-51-2020 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00050041 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00049658/tc-14-51-2020.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/14/51/2020/tc-14-51-2020.pdf |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-51-2020 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
51 |
op_container_end_page |
75 |
_version_ |
1766197794062729216 |