Boundary layer new particle formation over East Antarctic sea ice – possible Hg-driven nucleation?
Aerosol observations above the Southern Ocean and Antarctic sea ice are scarce. Measurements of aerosols and atmospheric composition were made in East Antarctic pack ice on board the Australian icebreaker Aurora Australis during the spring of 2012. One particle formation event was observed during th...
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2015
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00044041 2023-05-15T14:02:33+02:00 Boundary layer new particle formation over East Antarctic sea ice – possible Hg-driven nucleation? Humphries, R. S. Schofield, R. Keywood, M. D. Ward, J. Pierce, J. R. Gionfriddo, C. M. Tate, M. T. Krabbenhoft, D. P. Galbally, I. E. Molloy, S. B. Klekociuk, A. R. Johnston, P. V. Kreher, K. Thomas, A. J. Robinson, A. D. Harris, N. R. P. Johnson, R. Wilson, S. R. 2015-12 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13339-2015 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00044041 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00043661/acp-15-13339-2015.pdf https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/15/13339/2015/acp-15-13339-2015.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics -- http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/volumes_and_issues.html -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2069847 -- 1680-7324 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13339-2015 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00044041 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00043661/acp-15-13339-2015.pdf https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/15/13339/2015/acp-15-13339-2015.pdf uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2015 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13339-2015 2022-02-08T22:40:16Z Aerosol observations above the Southern Ocean and Antarctic sea ice are scarce. Measurements of aerosols and atmospheric composition were made in East Antarctic pack ice on board the Australian icebreaker Aurora Australis during the spring of 2012. One particle formation event was observed during the 32 days of observations. This event occurred on the only day to exhibit extended periods of global irradiance in excess of 600 W m−2. Within the single air mass influencing the measurements, number concentrations of particles larger than 3 nm (CN3) reached almost 7700 cm−3 within a few hours of clouds clearing, and grew at rates of 5.6 nm h−1. Formation rates of 3 nm particles were in the range of those measured at other Antarctic locations at 0.2–1.1 ± 0.1 cm−3 s−1. Our investigations into the nucleation chemistry found that there were insufficient precursor concentrations for known halogen or organic chemistry to explain the nucleation event. Modelling studies utilising known sulfuric acid nucleation schemes could not simultaneously reproduce both particle formation or growth rates. Surprising correlations with total gaseous mercury (TGM) were found that, together with other data, suggest a mercury-driven photochemical nucleation mechanism may be responsible for aerosol nucleation. Given the very low vapour pressures of the mercury species involved, this nucleation chemistry is likely only possible where pre-existing aerosol concentrations are low and both TGM concentrations and solar radiation levels are relatively high (∼ 1.5 ng m−3 and ≥ 600 W m−2, respectively), such as those observed in the Antarctic sea ice boundary layer in this study or in the global free troposphere, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic aurora australis Sea ice Southern Ocean Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15 23 13339 13364 |
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English |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Humphries, R. S. Schofield, R. Keywood, M. D. Ward, J. Pierce, J. R. Gionfriddo, C. M. Tate, M. T. Krabbenhoft, D. P. Galbally, I. E. Molloy, S. B. Klekociuk, A. R. Johnston, P. V. Kreher, K. Thomas, A. J. Robinson, A. D. Harris, N. R. P. Johnson, R. Wilson, S. R. Boundary layer new particle formation over East Antarctic sea ice – possible Hg-driven nucleation? |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
Aerosol observations above the Southern Ocean and Antarctic sea ice are scarce. Measurements of aerosols and atmospheric composition were made in East Antarctic pack ice on board the Australian icebreaker Aurora Australis during the spring of 2012. One particle formation event was observed during the 32 days of observations. This event occurred on the only day to exhibit extended periods of global irradiance in excess of 600 W m−2. Within the single air mass influencing the measurements, number concentrations of particles larger than 3 nm (CN3) reached almost 7700 cm−3 within a few hours of clouds clearing, and grew at rates of 5.6 nm h−1. Formation rates of 3 nm particles were in the range of those measured at other Antarctic locations at 0.2–1.1 ± 0.1 cm−3 s−1. Our investigations into the nucleation chemistry found that there were insufficient precursor concentrations for known halogen or organic chemistry to explain the nucleation event. Modelling studies utilising known sulfuric acid nucleation schemes could not simultaneously reproduce both particle formation or growth rates. Surprising correlations with total gaseous mercury (TGM) were found that, together with other data, suggest a mercury-driven photochemical nucleation mechanism may be responsible for aerosol nucleation. Given the very low vapour pressures of the mercury species involved, this nucleation chemistry is likely only possible where pre-existing aerosol concentrations are low and both TGM concentrations and solar radiation levels are relatively high (∼ 1.5 ng m−3 and ≥ 600 W m−2, respectively), such as those observed in the Antarctic sea ice boundary layer in this study or in the global free troposphere, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Humphries, R. S. Schofield, R. Keywood, M. D. Ward, J. Pierce, J. R. Gionfriddo, C. M. Tate, M. T. Krabbenhoft, D. P. Galbally, I. E. Molloy, S. B. Klekociuk, A. R. Johnston, P. V. Kreher, K. Thomas, A. J. Robinson, A. D. Harris, N. R. P. Johnson, R. Wilson, S. R. |
author_facet |
Humphries, R. S. Schofield, R. Keywood, M. D. Ward, J. Pierce, J. R. Gionfriddo, C. M. Tate, M. T. Krabbenhoft, D. P. Galbally, I. E. Molloy, S. B. Klekociuk, A. R. Johnston, P. V. Kreher, K. Thomas, A. J. Robinson, A. D. Harris, N. R. P. Johnson, R. Wilson, S. R. |
author_sort |
Humphries, R. S. |
title |
Boundary layer new particle formation over East Antarctic sea ice – possible Hg-driven nucleation? |
title_short |
Boundary layer new particle formation over East Antarctic sea ice – possible Hg-driven nucleation? |
title_full |
Boundary layer new particle formation over East Antarctic sea ice – possible Hg-driven nucleation? |
title_fullStr |
Boundary layer new particle formation over East Antarctic sea ice – possible Hg-driven nucleation? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Boundary layer new particle formation over East Antarctic sea ice – possible Hg-driven nucleation? |
title_sort |
boundary layer new particle formation over east antarctic sea ice – possible hg-driven nucleation? |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13339-2015 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00044041 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00043661/acp-15-13339-2015.pdf https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/15/13339/2015/acp-15-13339-2015.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic aurora australis Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic aurora australis Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics -- http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/volumes_and_issues.html -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2069847 -- 1680-7324 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13339-2015 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00044041 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00043661/acp-15-13339-2015.pdf https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/15/13339/2015/acp-15-13339-2015.pdf |
op_rights |
uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13339-2015 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
23 |
container_start_page |
13339 |
op_container_end_page |
13364 |
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1766272854252322816 |