Fram Strait sea ice export variability and September Arctic sea ice extent over the last 80 years
A new long-term data record of Fram Strait sea ice area export from 1935 to 2014 is developed using a combination of satellite radar images and station observations of surface pressure across Fram Strait. This data record shows that the long-term annual mean export is about 880 000 km2, representing...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
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Copernicus Publications
2017
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00042811 2023-05-15T13:11:46+02:00 Fram Strait sea ice export variability and September Arctic sea ice extent over the last 80 years Smedsrud, Lars H. Halvorsen, Mari H. Stroeve, Julienne C. Zhang, Rong Kloster, Kjell 2017-01 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-65-2017 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00042811 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00042431/tc-11-65-2017.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/11/65/2017/tc-11-65-2017.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications The Cryosphere -- ˜Theœ Cryosphere -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2393169 -- http://www.the-cryosphere.net/ -- 1994-0424 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-65-2017 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00042811 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00042431/tc-11-65-2017.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/11/65/2017/tc-11-65-2017.pdf uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2017 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-65-2017 2022-02-08T22:40:52Z A new long-term data record of Fram Strait sea ice area export from 1935 to 2014 is developed using a combination of satellite radar images and station observations of surface pressure across Fram Strait. This data record shows that the long-term annual mean export is about 880 000 km2, representing 10 % of the sea-ice-covered area inside the basin. The time series has large interannual and multi-decadal variability but no long-term trend. However, during the last decades, the amount of ice exported has increased, with several years having annual ice exports that exceeded 1 million km2. This increase is a result of faster southward ice drift speeds due to stronger southward geostrophic winds, largely explained by increasing surface pressure over Greenland. Evaluating the trend onwards from 1979 reveals an increase in annual ice export of about +6 % per decade, with spring and summer showing larger changes in ice export (+11 % per decade) compared to autumn and winter (+2.6 % per decade). Increased ice export during winter will generally result in new ice growth and contributes to thinning inside the Arctic Basin. Increased ice export during summer or spring will, in contrast, contribute directly to open water further north and a reduced summer sea ice extent through the ice–albedo feedback. Relatively low spring and summer export from 1950 to 1970 is thus consistent with a higher mid-September sea ice extent for these years. Our results are not sensitive to long-term change in Fram Strait sea ice concentration. We find a general moderate influence between export anomalies and the following September sea ice extent, explaining 18 % of the variance between 1935 and 2014, but with higher values since 2004. Article in Journal/Newspaper albedo Arctic Basin Arctic Fram Strait Greenland Sea ice The Cryosphere Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Arctic Greenland The Cryosphere 11 1 65 79 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA |
op_collection_id |
ftnonlinearchiv |
language |
English |
topic |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
spellingShingle |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung Smedsrud, Lars H. Halvorsen, Mari H. Stroeve, Julienne C. Zhang, Rong Kloster, Kjell Fram Strait sea ice export variability and September Arctic sea ice extent over the last 80 years |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
A new long-term data record of Fram Strait sea ice area export from 1935 to 2014 is developed using a combination of satellite radar images and station observations of surface pressure across Fram Strait. This data record shows that the long-term annual mean export is about 880 000 km2, representing 10 % of the sea-ice-covered area inside the basin. The time series has large interannual and multi-decadal variability but no long-term trend. However, during the last decades, the amount of ice exported has increased, with several years having annual ice exports that exceeded 1 million km2. This increase is a result of faster southward ice drift speeds due to stronger southward geostrophic winds, largely explained by increasing surface pressure over Greenland. Evaluating the trend onwards from 1979 reveals an increase in annual ice export of about +6 % per decade, with spring and summer showing larger changes in ice export (+11 % per decade) compared to autumn and winter (+2.6 % per decade). Increased ice export during winter will generally result in new ice growth and contributes to thinning inside the Arctic Basin. Increased ice export during summer or spring will, in contrast, contribute directly to open water further north and a reduced summer sea ice extent through the ice–albedo feedback. Relatively low spring and summer export from 1950 to 1970 is thus consistent with a higher mid-September sea ice extent for these years. Our results are not sensitive to long-term change in Fram Strait sea ice concentration. We find a general moderate influence between export anomalies and the following September sea ice extent, explaining 18 % of the variance between 1935 and 2014, but with higher values since 2004. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Smedsrud, Lars H. Halvorsen, Mari H. Stroeve, Julienne C. Zhang, Rong Kloster, Kjell |
author_facet |
Smedsrud, Lars H. Halvorsen, Mari H. Stroeve, Julienne C. Zhang, Rong Kloster, Kjell |
author_sort |
Smedsrud, Lars H. |
title |
Fram Strait sea ice export variability and September Arctic sea ice extent over the last 80 years |
title_short |
Fram Strait sea ice export variability and September Arctic sea ice extent over the last 80 years |
title_full |
Fram Strait sea ice export variability and September Arctic sea ice extent over the last 80 years |
title_fullStr |
Fram Strait sea ice export variability and September Arctic sea ice extent over the last 80 years |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fram Strait sea ice export variability and September Arctic sea ice extent over the last 80 years |
title_sort |
fram strait sea ice export variability and september arctic sea ice extent over the last 80 years |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-65-2017 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00042811 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00042431/tc-11-65-2017.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/11/65/2017/tc-11-65-2017.pdf |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
albedo Arctic Basin Arctic Fram Strait Greenland Sea ice The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
albedo Arctic Basin Arctic Fram Strait Greenland Sea ice The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
The Cryosphere -- ˜Theœ Cryosphere -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2393169 -- http://www.the-cryosphere.net/ -- 1994-0424 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-65-2017 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00042811 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00042431/tc-11-65-2017.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/11/65/2017/tc-11-65-2017.pdf |
op_rights |
uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-65-2017 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
65 |
op_container_end_page |
79 |
_version_ |
1766248895885606912 |