Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance
The Öresund (the Sound), which is a part of the Danish straits, is linking the marine North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. It is a transition zone where ecosystems are subjected to large gradients in terms of salinity, temperature, carbonate chemistry, and dissolved oxygen concentration. In additi...
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Copernicus Publications
2019
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00040571 2023-05-15T17:35:39+02:00 Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance Charrieau, Laurie M. Ljung, Karl Schenk, Frederik Daewel, Ute Kritzberg, Emma Filipsson, Helena L. 2019-10 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00040571 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00040194/bg-16-3835-2019.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/16/3835/2019/bg-16-3835-2019.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Biogeosciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2158181 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg/bg.html -- 1726-4189 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00040571 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00040194/bg-16-3835-2019.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/16/3835/2019/bg-16-3835-2019.pdf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2019 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019 2022-02-08T22:42:04Z The Öresund (the Sound), which is a part of the Danish straits, is linking the marine North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. It is a transition zone where ecosystems are subjected to large gradients in terms of salinity, temperature, carbonate chemistry, and dissolved oxygen concentration. In addition to the highly variable environmental conditions, the area is responding to anthropogenic disturbances in, e.g., nutrient loading, temperature, and pH. We have reconstructed environmental changes in the Öresund during the last ca. 200 years, and especially dissolved oxygen concentration, salinity, organic matter content, and pollution levels, using benthic foraminifera and sediment geochemistry. Five zones with characteristic foraminiferal assemblages were identified, each reflecting the environmental conditions for the respective period. The largest changes occurred around 1950, when the foraminiferal assemblage shifted from a low diversity fauna dominated by the species Stainforthia fusiformis to higher diversity and abundance and dominance of the Elphidium species. Concurrently, the grain-size distribution shifted from clayey to sandier sediment. To explore the causes of the environmental changes, we used time series of reconstructed wind conditions coupled with large-scale climate variations as recorded by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index as well as the ECOSMO II model of currents in the Öresund area. The results indicate increased changes in the water circulation towards stronger currents in the area after the 1950s. The foraminiferal fauna responded quickly (<10 years) to the environmental changes. Notably, when the wind conditions, and thereby the current system, returned in the 1980s to the previous pattern, the foraminiferal assemblage did not rebound. Instead, the foraminiferal faunas displayed a new equilibrium state. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Biogeosciences 16 19 3835 3852 |
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Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA |
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English |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Charrieau, Laurie M. Ljung, Karl Schenk, Frederik Daewel, Ute Kritzberg, Emma Filipsson, Helena L. Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
The Öresund (the Sound), which is a part of the Danish straits, is linking the marine North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. It is a transition zone where ecosystems are subjected to large gradients in terms of salinity, temperature, carbonate chemistry, and dissolved oxygen concentration. In addition to the highly variable environmental conditions, the area is responding to anthropogenic disturbances in, e.g., nutrient loading, temperature, and pH. We have reconstructed environmental changes in the Öresund during the last ca. 200 years, and especially dissolved oxygen concentration, salinity, organic matter content, and pollution levels, using benthic foraminifera and sediment geochemistry. Five zones with characteristic foraminiferal assemblages were identified, each reflecting the environmental conditions for the respective period. The largest changes occurred around 1950, when the foraminiferal assemblage shifted from a low diversity fauna dominated by the species Stainforthia fusiformis to higher diversity and abundance and dominance of the Elphidium species. Concurrently, the grain-size distribution shifted from clayey to sandier sediment. To explore the causes of the environmental changes, we used time series of reconstructed wind conditions coupled with large-scale climate variations as recorded by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index as well as the ECOSMO II model of currents in the Öresund area. The results indicate increased changes in the water circulation towards stronger currents in the area after the 1950s. The foraminiferal fauna responded quickly (<10 years) to the environmental changes. Notably, when the wind conditions, and thereby the current system, returned in the 1980s to the previous pattern, the foraminiferal assemblage did not rebound. Instead, the foraminiferal faunas displayed a new equilibrium state. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Charrieau, Laurie M. Ljung, Karl Schenk, Frederik Daewel, Ute Kritzberg, Emma Filipsson, Helena L. |
author_facet |
Charrieau, Laurie M. Ljung, Karl Schenk, Frederik Daewel, Ute Kritzberg, Emma Filipsson, Helena L. |
author_sort |
Charrieau, Laurie M. |
title |
Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance |
title_short |
Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance |
title_full |
Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance |
title_fullStr |
Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance |
title_sort |
rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the baltic sea entrance |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00040571 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00040194/bg-16-3835-2019.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/16/3835/2019/bg-16-3835-2019.pdf |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
Biogeosciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2158181 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg/bg.html -- 1726-4189 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00040571 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00040194/bg-16-3835-2019.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/16/3835/2019/bg-16-3835-2019.pdf |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
19 |
container_start_page |
3835 |
op_container_end_page |
3852 |
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1766134875581054976 |