Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum
In 2000–2001 Ulysses passed from the south to the north polar regions of the Sun in the inner heliosphere, providing a snapshot of the latitudinal structure of cosmic ray modulation and solar energetic particle populations during a period near solar maximum. Observations from the COSPIN suite of ene...
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00035413 2023-05-15T18:23:10+02:00 Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum McKibben, R. B. Connell, J. J. Lopate, C. Zhang, M. Anglin, J. D. Balogh, A. Dalla, S. Sanderson, T. R. Marsden, R. G. Hofer, M. Y. Kunow, H. Posner, A. Heber, B. 2003-06 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-1217-2003 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00035413 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00035367/angeo-21-1217-2003.pdf https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/21/1217/2003/angeo-21-1217-2003.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Annales Geophysicae -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?1458425 -- https://www.ann-geophys.net/ -- https://www.ann-geophys.net/volumes.html -- http://link.springer.com/journal/585 -- 1432-0576 https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-1217-2003 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00035413 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00035367/angeo-21-1217-2003.pdf https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/21/1217/2003/angeo-21-1217-2003.pdf uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2003 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-1217-2003 2022-02-08T22:44:37Z In 2000–2001 Ulysses passed from the south to the north polar regions of the Sun in the inner heliosphere, providing a snapshot of the latitudinal structure of cosmic ray modulation and solar energetic particle populations during a period near solar maximum. Observations from the COSPIN suite of energetic charged particle telescopes show that latitude variations in the cosmic ray intensity in the inner heliosphere are nearly non-existent near solar maximum, whereas small but clear latitude gradients were observed during the similar phase of Ulysses’ orbit near the 1994–95 solar minimum. At proton energies above ~10 MeV and extending up to >70 MeV, the intensities are often dominated by Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) accelerated near the Sun in association with intense solar flares and large Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). At lower energies the particle intensities are almost constantly enhanced above background, most likely as a result of a mix of SEPs and particles accelerated by interplanetary shocks. Simultaneous high-latitude Ulysses and near-Earth observations show that most events that produce large flux increases near Earth also produce flux increases at Ulysses, even at the highest latitudes attained. Particle anisotropies during particle onsets at Ulysses are typically directed outwards from the Sun, suggesting either acceleration extending to high latitudes or efficient cross-field propagation somewhere inside the orbit of Ulysses. Both cosmic ray and SEP observations are consistent with highly efficient transport of energetic charged particles between the equatorial and polar regions and across the mean interplanetary magnetic fields in the inner heliosphere. Key words. Interplanetary physics (cosmic rays) – Solar physics, astrophysics and astronomy (energetic particles; flares and mass ejections) Article in Journal/Newspaper South pole Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA North Pole South Pole Annales Geophysicae 21 6 1217 1228 |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung McKibben, R. B. Connell, J. J. Lopate, C. Zhang, M. Anglin, J. D. Balogh, A. Dalla, S. Sanderson, T. R. Marsden, R. G. Hofer, M. Y. Kunow, H. Posner, A. Heber, B. Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
In 2000–2001 Ulysses passed from the south to the north polar regions of the Sun in the inner heliosphere, providing a snapshot of the latitudinal structure of cosmic ray modulation and solar energetic particle populations during a period near solar maximum. Observations from the COSPIN suite of energetic charged particle telescopes show that latitude variations in the cosmic ray intensity in the inner heliosphere are nearly non-existent near solar maximum, whereas small but clear latitude gradients were observed during the similar phase of Ulysses’ orbit near the 1994–95 solar minimum. At proton energies above ~10 MeV and extending up to >70 MeV, the intensities are often dominated by Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) accelerated near the Sun in association with intense solar flares and large Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). At lower energies the particle intensities are almost constantly enhanced above background, most likely as a result of a mix of SEPs and particles accelerated by interplanetary shocks. Simultaneous high-latitude Ulysses and near-Earth observations show that most events that produce large flux increases near Earth also produce flux increases at Ulysses, even at the highest latitudes attained. Particle anisotropies during particle onsets at Ulysses are typically directed outwards from the Sun, suggesting either acceleration extending to high latitudes or efficient cross-field propagation somewhere inside the orbit of Ulysses. Both cosmic ray and SEP observations are consistent with highly efficient transport of energetic charged particles between the equatorial and polar regions and across the mean interplanetary magnetic fields in the inner heliosphere. Key words. Interplanetary physics (cosmic rays) – Solar physics, astrophysics and astronomy (energetic particles; flares and mass ejections) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
McKibben, R. B. Connell, J. J. Lopate, C. Zhang, M. Anglin, J. D. Balogh, A. Dalla, S. Sanderson, T. R. Marsden, R. G. Hofer, M. Y. Kunow, H. Posner, A. Heber, B. |
author_facet |
McKibben, R. B. Connell, J. J. Lopate, C. Zhang, M. Anglin, J. D. Balogh, A. Dalla, S. Sanderson, T. R. Marsden, R. G. Hofer, M. Y. Kunow, H. Posner, A. Heber, B. |
author_sort |
McKibben, R. B. |
title |
Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum |
title_short |
Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum |
title_full |
Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum |
title_fullStr |
Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum |
title_sort |
ulysses cospin observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the south pole to the north pole of the sun during solar maximum |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2003 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-1217-2003 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00035413 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00035367/angeo-21-1217-2003.pdf https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/21/1217/2003/angeo-21-1217-2003.pdf |
geographic |
North Pole South Pole |
geographic_facet |
North Pole South Pole |
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South pole |
genre_facet |
South pole |
op_relation |
Annales Geophysicae -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?1458425 -- https://www.ann-geophys.net/ -- https://www.ann-geophys.net/volumes.html -- http://link.springer.com/journal/585 -- 1432-0576 https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-1217-2003 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00035413 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00035367/angeo-21-1217-2003.pdf https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/21/1217/2003/angeo-21-1217-2003.pdf |
op_rights |
uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-1217-2003 |
container_title |
Annales Geophysicae |
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21 |
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6 |
container_start_page |
1217 |
op_container_end_page |
1228 |
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1766202647363190784 |