Efficiency of small scale carbon mitigation by patch iron fertilization
While nutrient depletion scenarios have long shown that the high-latitude High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) regions are the most effective for sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide, recent simulations with prognostic biogeochemical models have suggested that only a fraction of the potential dra...
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Copernicus Publications
2010
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00028177 2023-05-15T18:07:33+02:00 Efficiency of small scale carbon mitigation by patch iron fertilization Sarmiento, J. L. Slater, R. D. Dunne, J. Gnanadesikan, A. Hiscock, M. R. 2010-11 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-3593-2010 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00028177 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00028132/bg-7-3593-2010.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/7/3593/2010/bg-7-3593-2010.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Biogeosciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2158181 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg/bg.html -- 1726-4189 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-3593-2010 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00028177 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00028132/bg-7-3593-2010.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/7/3593/2010/bg-7-3593-2010.pdf uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2010 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-3593-2010 2022-02-08T22:48:20Z While nutrient depletion scenarios have long shown that the high-latitude High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) regions are the most effective for sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide, recent simulations with prognostic biogeochemical models have suggested that only a fraction of the potential drawdown can be realized. We use a global ocean biogeochemical general circulation model developed at GFDL and Princeton to examine this and related issues. We fertilize two patches in the North and Equatorial Pacific, and two additional patches in the Southern Ocean HNLC region north of the biogeochemical divide and in the Ross Sea south of the biogeochemical divide. We evaluate the simulations using observations from both artificial and natural iron fertilization experiments at nearby locations. We obtain by far the greatest response to iron fertilization at the Ross Sea site, where sea ice prevents escape of sequestered CO2 during the wintertime, and the CO2 removed from the surface ocean by the biological pump is carried into the deep ocean by the circulation. As a consequence, CO2 remains sequestered on century time-scales and the efficiency of fertilization remains almost constant no matter how frequently iron is applied as long as it is confined to the growing season. The second most efficient site is in the Southern Ocean. The North Pacific site has lower initial nutrients and thus a lower efficiency. Fertilization of the Equatorial Pacific leads to an expansion of the suboxic zone and a striking increase in denitrification that causes a sharp reduction in overall surface biological export production and CO2 uptake. The impacts on the oxygen distribution and surface biological export are less prominent at other sites, but nevertheless still a source of concern. The century time scale retention of iron in this model greatly increases the long-term biological response to iron addition as compared with simulations in which the added iron is rapidly scavenged from the ocean. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Pacific Ross Sea Southern Ocean Biogeosciences 7 11 3593 3624 |
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Open Polar |
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Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA |
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ftnonlinearchiv |
language |
English |
topic |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
spellingShingle |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung Sarmiento, J. L. Slater, R. D. Dunne, J. Gnanadesikan, A. Hiscock, M. R. Efficiency of small scale carbon mitigation by patch iron fertilization |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
While nutrient depletion scenarios have long shown that the high-latitude High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) regions are the most effective for sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide, recent simulations with prognostic biogeochemical models have suggested that only a fraction of the potential drawdown can be realized. We use a global ocean biogeochemical general circulation model developed at GFDL and Princeton to examine this and related issues. We fertilize two patches in the North and Equatorial Pacific, and two additional patches in the Southern Ocean HNLC region north of the biogeochemical divide and in the Ross Sea south of the biogeochemical divide. We evaluate the simulations using observations from both artificial and natural iron fertilization experiments at nearby locations. We obtain by far the greatest response to iron fertilization at the Ross Sea site, where sea ice prevents escape of sequestered CO2 during the wintertime, and the CO2 removed from the surface ocean by the biological pump is carried into the deep ocean by the circulation. As a consequence, CO2 remains sequestered on century time-scales and the efficiency of fertilization remains almost constant no matter how frequently iron is applied as long as it is confined to the growing season. The second most efficient site is in the Southern Ocean. The North Pacific site has lower initial nutrients and thus a lower efficiency. Fertilization of the Equatorial Pacific leads to an expansion of the suboxic zone and a striking increase in denitrification that causes a sharp reduction in overall surface biological export production and CO2 uptake. The impacts on the oxygen distribution and surface biological export are less prominent at other sites, but nevertheless still a source of concern. The century time scale retention of iron in this model greatly increases the long-term biological response to iron addition as compared with simulations in which the added iron is rapidly scavenged from the ocean. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sarmiento, J. L. Slater, R. D. Dunne, J. Gnanadesikan, A. Hiscock, M. R. |
author_facet |
Sarmiento, J. L. Slater, R. D. Dunne, J. Gnanadesikan, A. Hiscock, M. R. |
author_sort |
Sarmiento, J. L. |
title |
Efficiency of small scale carbon mitigation by patch iron fertilization |
title_short |
Efficiency of small scale carbon mitigation by patch iron fertilization |
title_full |
Efficiency of small scale carbon mitigation by patch iron fertilization |
title_fullStr |
Efficiency of small scale carbon mitigation by patch iron fertilization |
title_full_unstemmed |
Efficiency of small scale carbon mitigation by patch iron fertilization |
title_sort |
efficiency of small scale carbon mitigation by patch iron fertilization |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-3593-2010 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00028177 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00028132/bg-7-3593-2010.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/7/3593/2010/bg-7-3593-2010.pdf |
geographic |
Pacific Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Pacific Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
genre |
Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
Biogeosciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2158181 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg/bg.html -- 1726-4189 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-3593-2010 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00028177 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00028132/bg-7-3593-2010.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/7/3593/2010/bg-7-3593-2010.pdf |
op_rights |
uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-3593-2010 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
3593 |
op_container_end_page |
3624 |
_version_ |
1766179751481835520 |