Modeling the impact of wintertime rain events on the thermal regime of permafrost
In this study, we present field measurements and numerical process modeling from western Svalbard showing that the ground surface temperature below the snow is impacted by strong wintertime rain events. During such events, rain water percolates to the bottom of the snow pack, where it freezes and re...
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2011
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00026635 2023-05-15T17:56:55+02:00 Modeling the impact of wintertime rain events on the thermal regime of permafrost Westermann, S. Boike, J. Langer, M. Schuler, T. V. Etzelmüller, B. 2011-10 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-945-2011 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00026635 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00026590/tc-5-945-2011.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/5/945/2011/tc-5-945-2011.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications The Cryosphere -- ˜Theœ Cryosphere -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2393169 -- http://www.the-cryosphere.net/ -- 1994-0424 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-945-2011 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00026635 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00026590/tc-5-945-2011.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/5/945/2011/tc-5-945-2011.pdf uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2011 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-945-2011 2022-02-08T22:49:07Z In this study, we present field measurements and numerical process modeling from western Svalbard showing that the ground surface temperature below the snow is impacted by strong wintertime rain events. During such events, rain water percolates to the bottom of the snow pack, where it freezes and releases latent heat. In the winter season 2005/2006, on the order of 20 to 50% of the wintertime precipitation fell as rain, thus confining the surface temperature to close to 0 °C for several weeks. The measured average ground surface temperature during the snow-covered period is −0.6 °C, despite of a snow surface temperature of on average −8.5 °C. For the considered period, the temperature threshold below which permafrost is sustainable on long timescales is exceeded. We present a simplified model of rain water infiltration in the snow coupled to a transient permafrost model. While small amounts of rain have only minor impact on the ground surface temperature, strong rain events have a long-lasting impact. We show that consecutively applying the conditions encountered in the winter season 2005/2006 results in the formation of an unfrozen zone in the soil after three to five years, depending on the prescribed soil properties. If water infiltration in the snow is disabled in the model, more time is required for the permafrost to reach a similar state of degradation. Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost Svalbard The Cryosphere Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Svalbard The Cryosphere 5 4 945 959 |
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Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA |
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English |
topic |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Westermann, S. Boike, J. Langer, M. Schuler, T. V. Etzelmüller, B. Modeling the impact of wintertime rain events on the thermal regime of permafrost |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
In this study, we present field measurements and numerical process modeling from western Svalbard showing that the ground surface temperature below the snow is impacted by strong wintertime rain events. During such events, rain water percolates to the bottom of the snow pack, where it freezes and releases latent heat. In the winter season 2005/2006, on the order of 20 to 50% of the wintertime precipitation fell as rain, thus confining the surface temperature to close to 0 °C for several weeks. The measured average ground surface temperature during the snow-covered period is −0.6 °C, despite of a snow surface temperature of on average −8.5 °C. For the considered period, the temperature threshold below which permafrost is sustainable on long timescales is exceeded. We present a simplified model of rain water infiltration in the snow coupled to a transient permafrost model. While small amounts of rain have only minor impact on the ground surface temperature, strong rain events have a long-lasting impact. We show that consecutively applying the conditions encountered in the winter season 2005/2006 results in the formation of an unfrozen zone in the soil after three to five years, depending on the prescribed soil properties. If water infiltration in the snow is disabled in the model, more time is required for the permafrost to reach a similar state of degradation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Westermann, S. Boike, J. Langer, M. Schuler, T. V. Etzelmüller, B. |
author_facet |
Westermann, S. Boike, J. Langer, M. Schuler, T. V. Etzelmüller, B. |
author_sort |
Westermann, S. |
title |
Modeling the impact of wintertime rain events on the thermal regime of permafrost |
title_short |
Modeling the impact of wintertime rain events on the thermal regime of permafrost |
title_full |
Modeling the impact of wintertime rain events on the thermal regime of permafrost |
title_fullStr |
Modeling the impact of wintertime rain events on the thermal regime of permafrost |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling the impact of wintertime rain events on the thermal regime of permafrost |
title_sort |
modeling the impact of wintertime rain events on the thermal regime of permafrost |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-945-2011 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00026635 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00026590/tc-5-945-2011.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/5/945/2011/tc-5-945-2011.pdf |
geographic |
Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Svalbard |
genre |
permafrost Svalbard The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
permafrost Svalbard The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
The Cryosphere -- ˜Theœ Cryosphere -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2393169 -- http://www.the-cryosphere.net/ -- 1994-0424 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-945-2011 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00026635 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00026590/tc-5-945-2011.pdf https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/5/945/2011/tc-5-945-2011.pdf |
op_rights |
uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-945-2011 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
5 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
945 |
op_container_end_page |
959 |
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1766165231622422528 |