Analysis of a 39-year continuous atmospheric CO2 record from Baring Head, New Zealand
We present an analysis of a 39-year record of continuous atmospheric CO2 observations made at Baring Head, New Zealand, filtered for steady background CO2 mole fractions during southerly wind conditions. We discuss relationships between variability in the filtered CO2 time series and regional to glo...
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Copernicus Publications
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00022952 2023-05-15T18:22:19+02:00 Analysis of a 39-year continuous atmospheric CO2 record from Baring Head, New Zealand Stephens, B. B. Brailsford, G. W. Gomez, A. J. Riedel, K. Mikaloff Fletcher, S. E. Nichol, S. Manning, M. 2013-04 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2683-2013 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00022952 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00022907/bg-10-2683-2013.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/10/2683/2013/bg-10-2683-2013.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Biogeosciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2158181 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg/bg.html -- 1726-4189 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2683-2013 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00022952 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00022907/bg-10-2683-2013.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/10/2683/2013/bg-10-2683-2013.pdf uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2013 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2683-2013 2022-02-08T22:50:53Z We present an analysis of a 39-year record of continuous atmospheric CO2 observations made at Baring Head, New Zealand, filtered for steady background CO2 mole fractions during southerly wind conditions. We discuss relationships between variability in the filtered CO2 time series and regional to global carbon cycling. Baring Head is well situated to sample air that has been isolated from terrestrial influences over the Southern Ocean, and experiences extended episodes of strong southerly winds with low CO2 variability. The filtered Baring Head CO2 record reveals an average seasonal cycle with amplitude of 0.95 ppm that is 13% smaller and 3 weeks earlier in phase than that at the South Pole. Seasonal variations in a given year are sensitive to the timing and magnitude of the combined influences of Southern Ocean CO2 fluxes and terrestrial fluxes from both hemispheres. The amplitude of the seasonal cycle varies throughout the record, but we find no significant long-term seasonal changes with respect to the South Pole. Interannual variations in CO2 growth rate in the Baring Head record closely match the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, reflecting the global reach of CO2 mole fraction anomalies associated with this cycle. We use atmospheric transport model results to investigate contributions to seasonal and annual-mean components of the observed CO2 record. Long-term trends in mean gradients between Baring Head and other stations are predominately due to increases in Northern Hemisphere fossil-fuel burning and Southern Ocean CO2 uptake, for which there remains a wide range of future estimates. We find that the postulated recent reduction in the efficiency of Southern Ocean anthropogenic CO2 uptake, as a result of increased zonal winds, is too small to be detectable as significant differences in atmospheric CO2 between mid to high latitude Southern Hemisphere observing stations. Article in Journal/Newspaper South pole Southern Ocean Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA New Zealand South Pole Southern Ocean Biogeosciences 10 4 2683 2697 |
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Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA |
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English |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Stephens, B. B. Brailsford, G. W. Gomez, A. J. Riedel, K. Mikaloff Fletcher, S. E. Nichol, S. Manning, M. Analysis of a 39-year continuous atmospheric CO2 record from Baring Head, New Zealand |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
We present an analysis of a 39-year record of continuous atmospheric CO2 observations made at Baring Head, New Zealand, filtered for steady background CO2 mole fractions during southerly wind conditions. We discuss relationships between variability in the filtered CO2 time series and regional to global carbon cycling. Baring Head is well situated to sample air that has been isolated from terrestrial influences over the Southern Ocean, and experiences extended episodes of strong southerly winds with low CO2 variability. The filtered Baring Head CO2 record reveals an average seasonal cycle with amplitude of 0.95 ppm that is 13% smaller and 3 weeks earlier in phase than that at the South Pole. Seasonal variations in a given year are sensitive to the timing and magnitude of the combined influences of Southern Ocean CO2 fluxes and terrestrial fluxes from both hemispheres. The amplitude of the seasonal cycle varies throughout the record, but we find no significant long-term seasonal changes with respect to the South Pole. Interannual variations in CO2 growth rate in the Baring Head record closely match the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, reflecting the global reach of CO2 mole fraction anomalies associated with this cycle. We use atmospheric transport model results to investigate contributions to seasonal and annual-mean components of the observed CO2 record. Long-term trends in mean gradients between Baring Head and other stations are predominately due to increases in Northern Hemisphere fossil-fuel burning and Southern Ocean CO2 uptake, for which there remains a wide range of future estimates. We find that the postulated recent reduction in the efficiency of Southern Ocean anthropogenic CO2 uptake, as a result of increased zonal winds, is too small to be detectable as significant differences in atmospheric CO2 between mid to high latitude Southern Hemisphere observing stations. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stephens, B. B. Brailsford, G. W. Gomez, A. J. Riedel, K. Mikaloff Fletcher, S. E. Nichol, S. Manning, M. |
author_facet |
Stephens, B. B. Brailsford, G. W. Gomez, A. J. Riedel, K. Mikaloff Fletcher, S. E. Nichol, S. Manning, M. |
author_sort |
Stephens, B. B. |
title |
Analysis of a 39-year continuous atmospheric CO2 record from Baring Head, New Zealand |
title_short |
Analysis of a 39-year continuous atmospheric CO2 record from Baring Head, New Zealand |
title_full |
Analysis of a 39-year continuous atmospheric CO2 record from Baring Head, New Zealand |
title_fullStr |
Analysis of a 39-year continuous atmospheric CO2 record from Baring Head, New Zealand |
title_full_unstemmed |
Analysis of a 39-year continuous atmospheric CO2 record from Baring Head, New Zealand |
title_sort |
analysis of a 39-year continuous atmospheric co2 record from baring head, new zealand |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2683-2013 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00022952 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00022907/bg-10-2683-2013.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/10/2683/2013/bg-10-2683-2013.pdf |
geographic |
New Zealand South Pole Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
New Zealand South Pole Southern Ocean |
genre |
South pole Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
South pole Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
Biogeosciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2158181 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg/bg.html -- 1726-4189 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2683-2013 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00022952 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00022907/bg-10-2683-2013.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/10/2683/2013/bg-10-2683-2013.pdf |
op_rights |
uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2683-2013 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
4 |
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2683 |
op_container_end_page |
2697 |
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1766201712168665088 |