Production and transformation of dissolved neutral sugars and amino acids by bacteria in seawater
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the ocean consists of a heterogeneous mixture of molecules, most of which are of unknown origin. Neutral sugars and amino acids are among the few recognizable biomolecules in DOM, and the molecular composition of these biomolecules is shaped primarily by biological...
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Copernicus Publications
2014
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00018831 2023-05-15T15:12:13+02:00 Production and transformation of dissolved neutral sugars and amino acids by bacteria in seawater Jørgensen, L. Lechtenfeld, O. J. Benner, R. Middelboe, M. Stedmon, C. A. 2014-10 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5349-2014 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00018831 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00018786/bg-11-5349-2014.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/11/5349/2014/bg-11-5349-2014.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Biogeosciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2158181 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg/bg.html -- 1726-4189 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5349-2014 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00018831 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00018786/bg-11-5349-2014.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/11/5349/2014/bg-11-5349-2014.pdf uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2014 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5349-2014 2022-02-08T22:52:58Z Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the ocean consists of a heterogeneous mixture of molecules, most of which are of unknown origin. Neutral sugars and amino acids are among the few recognizable biomolecules in DOM, and the molecular composition of these biomolecules is shaped primarily by biological production and degradation processes. This study provides insight into the bioavailability of biomolecules as well as the chemical composition of DOM produced by bacteria. The molecular compositions of combined neutral sugars and amino acids were investigated in DOM produced by bacteria and in DOM remaining after 32 days of bacterial degradation. Results from bioassay incubations with natural seawater (sampled from water masses originating from the surface waters of the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean) and artificial seawater indicate that the molecular compositions following bacterial degradation are not strongly influenced by the initial substrate or bacterial community. The molecular composition of neutral sugars released by bacteria was characterized by a high glucose content (47 mol %) and heterogeneous contributions from other neutral sugars (3–14 mol %). DOM remaining after bacterial degradation was characterized by a high galactose content (33 mol %), followed by glucose (22 mol %) and the remaining neutral sugars (7–11 mol %). The ratio of D-amino acids to L-amino acids increased during the experiments as a response to bacterial degradation, and after 32 days, the D/L ratios of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine and alanine reached around 0.79, 0.32, 0.30 and 0.51 in all treatments, respectively. The striking similarity in neutral sugar and amino acid compositions between natural (representing marine semi-labile and refractory DOM) and artificial (representing bacterially produced DOM) seawater samples, suggests that microbes transform bioavailable neutral sugars and amino acids into a common, more persistent form. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean North Atlantic Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Arctic Arctic Ocean Biogeosciences 11 19 5349 5363 |
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Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA |
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ftnonlinearchiv |
language |
English |
topic |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Jørgensen, L. Lechtenfeld, O. J. Benner, R. Middelboe, M. Stedmon, C. A. Production and transformation of dissolved neutral sugars and amino acids by bacteria in seawater |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the ocean consists of a heterogeneous mixture of molecules, most of which are of unknown origin. Neutral sugars and amino acids are among the few recognizable biomolecules in DOM, and the molecular composition of these biomolecules is shaped primarily by biological production and degradation processes. This study provides insight into the bioavailability of biomolecules as well as the chemical composition of DOM produced by bacteria. The molecular compositions of combined neutral sugars and amino acids were investigated in DOM produced by bacteria and in DOM remaining after 32 days of bacterial degradation. Results from bioassay incubations with natural seawater (sampled from water masses originating from the surface waters of the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean) and artificial seawater indicate that the molecular compositions following bacterial degradation are not strongly influenced by the initial substrate or bacterial community. The molecular composition of neutral sugars released by bacteria was characterized by a high glucose content (47 mol %) and heterogeneous contributions from other neutral sugars (3–14 mol %). DOM remaining after bacterial degradation was characterized by a high galactose content (33 mol %), followed by glucose (22 mol %) and the remaining neutral sugars (7–11 mol %). The ratio of D-amino acids to L-amino acids increased during the experiments as a response to bacterial degradation, and after 32 days, the D/L ratios of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine and alanine reached around 0.79, 0.32, 0.30 and 0.51 in all treatments, respectively. The striking similarity in neutral sugar and amino acid compositions between natural (representing marine semi-labile and refractory DOM) and artificial (representing bacterially produced DOM) seawater samples, suggests that microbes transform bioavailable neutral sugars and amino acids into a common, more persistent form. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jørgensen, L. Lechtenfeld, O. J. Benner, R. Middelboe, M. Stedmon, C. A. |
author_facet |
Jørgensen, L. Lechtenfeld, O. J. Benner, R. Middelboe, M. Stedmon, C. A. |
author_sort |
Jørgensen, L. |
title |
Production and transformation of dissolved neutral sugars and amino acids by bacteria in seawater |
title_short |
Production and transformation of dissolved neutral sugars and amino acids by bacteria in seawater |
title_full |
Production and transformation of dissolved neutral sugars and amino acids by bacteria in seawater |
title_fullStr |
Production and transformation of dissolved neutral sugars and amino acids by bacteria in seawater |
title_full_unstemmed |
Production and transformation of dissolved neutral sugars and amino acids by bacteria in seawater |
title_sort |
production and transformation of dissolved neutral sugars and amino acids by bacteria in seawater |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5349-2014 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00018831 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00018786/bg-11-5349-2014.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/11/5349/2014/bg-11-5349-2014.pdf |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean North Atlantic |
op_relation |
Biogeosciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2158181 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg/bg.html -- 1726-4189 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5349-2014 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00018831 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00018786/bg-11-5349-2014.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/11/5349/2014/bg-11-5349-2014.pdf |
op_rights |
uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5349-2014 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
19 |
container_start_page |
5349 |
op_container_end_page |
5363 |
_version_ |
1766342933377712128 |