A 2600-year history of floods in the Bernese Alps, Switzerland: frequencies, mechanisms and climate forcing
A 2600-year long composite palaeoflood record is reconstructed from high-resolution delta plain sediments of the Hasli–Aare floodplain on the northern slope of the Swiss Alps. Natural proxies compiled from sedimentary, geochemical and geomorphological data were calibrated by textual and factual sour...
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2015
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00015943 2023-05-15T17:32:33+02:00 A 2600-year history of floods in the Bernese Alps, Switzerland: frequencies, mechanisms and climate forcing Schulte, L. Peña, J. C. Carvalho, F. Schmidt, T. Julià, R. Llorca, J. Veit, H. 2015-07 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3047-2015 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00015943 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00015898/hess-19-3047-2015.pdf https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/19/3047/2015/hess-19-3047-2015.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Hydrology and Earth System Sciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2100610 -- http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/volumes_and_issues.html -- 1607-7938 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3047-2015 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00015943 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00015898/hess-19-3047-2015.pdf https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/19/3047/2015/hess-19-3047-2015.pdf uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2015 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3047-2015 2022-02-08T22:54:23Z A 2600-year long composite palaeoflood record is reconstructed from high-resolution delta plain sediments of the Hasli–Aare floodplain on the northern slope of the Swiss Alps. Natural proxies compiled from sedimentary, geochemical and geomorphological data were calibrated by textual and factual sources and instrumental data. No fewer than 12 of the 14 historically recorded extreme events between 1480 and the termination of the Hasli–Aare river channel correction in 1875 were also identified by coarse-grained flood layers, log(Zr / Ti) peaks and factor 1 anomalies. Geomorphological, historical and instrumental data provide evidence for flood damage intensities and discharge estimations of severe and catastrophic historical floods. Spectral analysis of the geochemical and documentary flood series and several climate proxies (TSI, δ18O, tree-rings, NAO, SNAO) identify similar periodicities of around 60, 80, 100, 120 and 200 years during the last millennia, indicating the influence of the North Atlantic circulation and solar forcing on alpine flood dynamics. The composite floodplain record illustrates that periods of organic soil formation and deposition of phyllosilicates (from the medium high catchment area) match those of total solar irradiance maxima, suggesting reduced flood activity during warmer climate pulses. Aggradation with multiple sets of flood layers with increased contribution of siliciclasts from the highest catchment area (plutonic bedrock) (e.g. 1300–1350, 1420–1480, 1550–1620, 1650–1720 and 1811–1851 cal yr AD) occurred predominantly during periods with reduced solar irradiance, lower δ18O anomalies, cooler summer temperatures and phases of drier spring climate in the Alps. Increased water storage by glaciers, snow cover and snow patches susceptible to melting processes associated with rainfall episodes and abrupt rises in temperature substantially increased surface runoff on slopes and discharges of alpine rivers. This interpretation is in agreement with the findings that the severe and catastrophic historical floods in the Aare since 1670 occurred mostly during positive SNAO (Summer North Atlantic Oscillation) pulses after years or even decades dominated by negative SNAO and cooler annual temperatures. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 19 7 3047 3072 |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Schulte, L. Peña, J. C. Carvalho, F. Schmidt, T. Julià, R. Llorca, J. Veit, H. A 2600-year history of floods in the Bernese Alps, Switzerland: frequencies, mechanisms and climate forcing |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
A 2600-year long composite palaeoflood record is reconstructed from high-resolution delta plain sediments of the Hasli–Aare floodplain on the northern slope of the Swiss Alps. Natural proxies compiled from sedimentary, geochemical and geomorphological data were calibrated by textual and factual sources and instrumental data. No fewer than 12 of the 14 historically recorded extreme events between 1480 and the termination of the Hasli–Aare river channel correction in 1875 were also identified by coarse-grained flood layers, log(Zr / Ti) peaks and factor 1 anomalies. Geomorphological, historical and instrumental data provide evidence for flood damage intensities and discharge estimations of severe and catastrophic historical floods. Spectral analysis of the geochemical and documentary flood series and several climate proxies (TSI, δ18O, tree-rings, NAO, SNAO) identify similar periodicities of around 60, 80, 100, 120 and 200 years during the last millennia, indicating the influence of the North Atlantic circulation and solar forcing on alpine flood dynamics. The composite floodplain record illustrates that periods of organic soil formation and deposition of phyllosilicates (from the medium high catchment area) match those of total solar irradiance maxima, suggesting reduced flood activity during warmer climate pulses. Aggradation with multiple sets of flood layers with increased contribution of siliciclasts from the highest catchment area (plutonic bedrock) (e.g. 1300–1350, 1420–1480, 1550–1620, 1650–1720 and 1811–1851 cal yr AD) occurred predominantly during periods with reduced solar irradiance, lower δ18O anomalies, cooler summer temperatures and phases of drier spring climate in the Alps. Increased water storage by glaciers, snow cover and snow patches susceptible to melting processes associated with rainfall episodes and abrupt rises in temperature substantially increased surface runoff on slopes and discharges of alpine rivers. This interpretation is in agreement with the findings that the severe and catastrophic historical floods in the Aare since 1670 occurred mostly during positive SNAO (Summer North Atlantic Oscillation) pulses after years or even decades dominated by negative SNAO and cooler annual temperatures. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schulte, L. Peña, J. C. Carvalho, F. Schmidt, T. Julià, R. Llorca, J. Veit, H. |
author_facet |
Schulte, L. Peña, J. C. Carvalho, F. Schmidt, T. Julià, R. Llorca, J. Veit, H. |
author_sort |
Schulte, L. |
title |
A 2600-year history of floods in the Bernese Alps, Switzerland: frequencies, mechanisms and climate forcing |
title_short |
A 2600-year history of floods in the Bernese Alps, Switzerland: frequencies, mechanisms and climate forcing |
title_full |
A 2600-year history of floods in the Bernese Alps, Switzerland: frequencies, mechanisms and climate forcing |
title_fullStr |
A 2600-year history of floods in the Bernese Alps, Switzerland: frequencies, mechanisms and climate forcing |
title_full_unstemmed |
A 2600-year history of floods in the Bernese Alps, Switzerland: frequencies, mechanisms and climate forcing |
title_sort |
2600-year history of floods in the bernese alps, switzerland: frequencies, mechanisms and climate forcing |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3047-2015 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00015943 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00015898/hess-19-3047-2015.pdf https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/19/3047/2015/hess-19-3047-2015.pdf |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2100610 -- http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/volumes_and_issues.html -- 1607-7938 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3047-2015 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00015943 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00015898/hess-19-3047-2015.pdf https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/19/3047/2015/hess-19-3047-2015.pdf |
op_rights |
uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3047-2015 |
container_title |
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
3047 |
op_container_end_page |
3072 |
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1766130739611435008 |